Optinyl CPR2342. Optinyl CPR2342 is a granulate developed for improving the properties & processing of biobased & biodegradable products.

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1 is a granulate developed for improving the properties & processing of biobased & biodegradable products. is a biodegradable granulate based on vinyl and lactic acid homo- and/or copolymers. Version 01 / Date For general processing information, please refer to our processing guideline. Our technical services department is available to discuss your requirements and advise on the best grade selection for products & (color) masterbatches. PORTFOLIO The main standard portfolio of the Optinyl grades are masterbatches with properties like traditional masterbatches but dedicated for the bioplastic market. Various Optinyl products are available to be able to anticipate on various themes: impact strength increase for clear and opaque applications flow improver for injection molding, process enhancer for extrusion general applicable impact modifier plasticizing, shrink properties, stretch & elongation enhancement compatibilisation & product enhancement (high impact & tearing strength, high strain & flexibility) (Optinyl CPR2342) Dedicated types or specialty grades can be made available as well. New grades our continuously developed, such as grades with higher flexibility, higher biobased content, different base polymers as well as lower costs varieties. Our technical services department is available to discuss your requirements. FIGURE 1 Film blowing with Optinyl. APPLICATION is an easy to process masterbatch developed to improve the processing and properties of various polymers and polymer-fibre blends (for nonfood contact applications). is a masterbatch suitable for translucent and glossy applications and is specially developed for convertors to improve the properties and processing for injection molded and extrusion based biopolyesters and biobased products (in particular PLA and PHA). CPR2342 reduces the brittleness and increases the flexibility of PLA and PHA already at low levels. CPR2342 can be used as compatibiliser for mixed biopolyesters and starch compounds. CPR2342 is cost-effective replacement for PBAT, PBS & PBSA. Optinyl CPR2342 can be processed on conventional lines. is a competitive alternative for currently used biodegradable masterbatches for a wide range of applications. has a natural feel and look. is biodegradable and has a biobased or plant derived material content of > 40%. is an easy to melt masterbatch that will provide a good homogeneous dispersion in your end product (e.g. Films, Sheets, Thermoform, Trays, Lids, Molded products). Applications in which is used: (Non-food or food inner-layer) Packaging & Consumer goods Agriculture & Groundworks & Technical products Wood polymer composites (WPC) and Fibres FIGURE 2: EFFECT OF OPTINYL CPR2342 ON IMPACT AND STRESS-STRAIN OF PLA Products are based on Ingeo PLA2003D comparing with CPR1342. Properties, according ISO527 & 179, depend on amount of CPR2342, but also on biopolymer or plastic type. As such optimal amounts, usually between addition levels of 5-20%, can be different for different polyesters and products (foils, sheets, molded products).

2 is developed for bioplastic applications. Figures and data are intended as a guide and should not be used in preparing end specifications. The properties given must be regarded for guidance purposes only, since product is based on renewable raw materials with fluctuating properties by nature. Consequently the material has to be processed in accordance with our guidelines. BENEFITS Using is a very effective way to blend various materials and optimize price-performance of biobased and biodegradable materials. Benefits Good compatibility with various biopolyesters, fibres and starch compounds. Improvement properties and processing of PLA & PHA Improvement of toughness and stiffness of products made out of PBS,PBSA, PBAT Improved compatibility starch and natural fibres in polyolefin (PP) hybrids Improved impact strength & very high flexibility Low haze at recommended use levels Less thermomechanical degradation or hydrolysis biopolyesters Easy to use PROPERTIES FIGURE 3 - RHEOLOGY Viscosity of at 170 & 190ºC compared with a PLA, PBAT & FlourPlast SG2 Z (thermoplastic starchy flour). CPR2342 has a low viscosity making addition to polyesters easy & gives in addition enhanced processing at high shear processing conditions & lower processing temperatures. Mechanical properties injection molded (sheets extrusion) E-modulus n.d. GPa ISO 527 Secants modulus 0,5 (~0,5/0,2 MD/CD) GPa ISO 527 Tensile stress at max (18/9 MD/CD) MPa ISO 527 Strain at yield 6-8 % ISO 527 Strain at break >50 (>150/100 MD/CD) % IDO 527 Flexural stress MPa ISO 178 Flexural modulus 1,8-2,0 (DNB) GPa ISO 178 Impact Unnotched >100 (DNB) kj/m 2 ISO 179/ 1eU (Charpy) Impact Notched >22-23 kj/m 2 ISO 179/ 1eA (Charpy) Hardness >65 Shore D ISO 868 Dart impact n.d. J/mm ISO 7765 FIGURE 4 POSSIBLE PLASTIC PRODUCTS

3 is developed for biobased or biodegradable plastic applications. This information is believed to be accurate & refers to the laws, regulations & products at the date of issue. However, Rodenburg Biopolymers makes no express or implied representations or warranties with respect to the information contained herein. It is the responsibility of our customers to determine that their use of products is safe, lawful, & technically suitable for their applications. Because of possible changes in the laws & regulations, we cannot guarantee that the status of the products will remain unchanged. is a sustainable alternative for oil based masterbatches. Other properties Viscosity^ /sec Pa.sec ISO at T= 170 ºC (0,5%w) (0,2%w) at T= 190 ºC (0,5%w) (0,2%w) MFI^ (190/170 C, 2,16 kg) 3-5 (0,3%w) (0,6%w) g/10min ISO 1133 Spiral flow >25 cm 1,9 mm (25 C mold) Vicat A ~50-55 ºC ISO 306 T decomposition >250 ºC TGA (in-house ISO11357) T melt (peak) amorphous ºC DSC (in-house ISO11357) T glass ~50-60 ºC DSC (in-house ISO11357) Barrier properties 30% in PLA sheets (thickness = 100 µm) WVTR (85%RH, 23ºC) 31 g/m².d.bar ISO OTR (50%RH, 23ºC) 270 cc/m².d.bar ISO CO 2 TR (0%RH, 23ºC) 1250 cc/m².d.bar ISO *Measured on ISO test specimens. DNB= did not break. Properties are f (processing & humidity). ^Viscosity & MFI/MVR depend on water & are measured at different water contents. ^% Water = 0,3-0,6%. FIGURE 5: EFFECT OF OPTINYL CPR2342 ON STRESS-STRAIN OF PLA/PBAT FILMS Products are based on films blown from handmixed PLA and PBT and Optinyl CPR2342. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS is standard delivered at maximally 0,3% water and masterbatches created with it are best pre-dried to obtain optimal processing and properties when processed at high temperatures. Properties may depend on water content, humidity, processing and thickness. Properties are given as guide values. Appearance Opaque white pearls - Visual Bulk density ~700 kg/m 3 ISO 60 Density 1,25-1,3 g/cm 3 ISO 1183 Mold shrinkage <2% % ISO Moisture content <0,3% % Rodenburg directive (ISO 287) Water activity <0,3 - Rodenburg directive (ISO/TC 34) Ash content 4-8 % Rodenburg directive (ISO 3451) FIGURE 6 SOLANYL, FLOURPLAST OPTINYL BASED PRODUCT EXAMPLES SOLANYL, FLOURPLAST & OPTINYL are biopolymer based products produced by Rodenburg Biopolymers. &

4 is developed for bioplastic applications. Figures and data are intended as a guide and should not be used in preparing end specifications. The properties given must be regarded for guidance purposes only, since product is based on renewable raw materials with fluctuating properties by nature. Consequently the material has to be processed in accordance with our guidelines. PROCESSING can be processed on most standard conventional molding equipment & extrusion machines, preferably with a low shear screw design and low temperature settings. Blends of CPR2342 and biopolymers like PLA and polyolefins like PP or starch & fibre based compounds can be processed in the same equipment and under similar processing conditions recommended for the plastics. Optinyl CPR2342 is amorphous and can be processed at temperatures between ºC and can be combined with various biodegradable as well as biobased products. CPR2342 can be used for rigid extruded films, shaped or thermoformed products, as well as for (injection / blow) molding applications. Processing techniques in which can be used: Sheet & plate extrusion Profile extrusion Cast and blown film extrusion Thermoforming Injection & compression molding Blow molding Typical use levels are 5-20%. Addition of CPR2342 to biopolyesters, like PLA, at an extrusion or casting line results in a low haze transparent to highly translucent glossy sheet or film with a very stable output and web. Tearing strength is enhanced and sensitivity towards water (hydrolysis of biopolyesters like PLA) is lowered. CPR2342 based sheets can also be used in multilayers. Sensitivity towards water (hydrolysis of biopolyesters such as PLA) is lowered due to lower process temperature. Processing temperature can be 0-20 C lower compared to normal settings for the biopolyesters depending on type of biopolyesters or plastic and addition level. Prospective clients should evaluate in their own laboratories to establish optimal conditions for use in their processes and applications. MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for are available for all grades of resin products which Rodenburg Biopolymers produces. Material Safety Data Sheets are provided to help customers satisfy their own handling, safety and disposal needs, and those that may be required by locally applicable health and safety regulations, such as OSHA (U.S.A), MAK (Germany), or WHMIS (Canada). CHEMICAL CONTROL LAW COMPLIANCE Across the globe regulations exist for local environmental authorities to evaluate materials to assure the protection of human health and the environment from any unreasonable risks associated with chemical substances. Components used in Rodenburg Biopolymers resins as supplied from the factory gate comply with the European Union (EINECS)/REACH chemical inventory. DRYING is packaged during manufacturing to keep moisture low. However (off- or in-line) pre-drying will improve properties & is recommended before processing. A moisture content of less than 0,025% (250 ppm) is recommended to prevent hydrolysis and loss of properties. Typical drying conditions are 4-8 h at 45ºC or to a dew point of -35ºC, with an airflow rate greater than 0,5 l/s per kg of resin throughput. For general processing information, please refer to our processing guideline. Our technical services department is available to discuss your requirements and advise on selection of our masterbatches.

5 is developed for biobased or biodegradable plastic applications. This information is believed to be accurate & refers to the laws, regulations & products at the date of issue. However, Rodenburg Biopolymers makes no express or implied representations or warranties with respect to the information contained herein. It is the responsibility of our customers to determine that their use of products is safe, lawful, & technically suitable for their applications. Because of possible changes in the laws & regulations, we cannot guarantee that the status of the products will remain unchanged. is a sustainable alternative for oil based masterbatches. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION REMARKS & OTHER INFORMATION Presuming appropriate processing, the composition of product complies with FDA adhesive layers for food contact standard ( : The composition does currently not comply with , , ). As such has potential to be used in materials or articles which are not intended to come into direct contact with food. In order to comply, CPR2342 has to be used in accordance with good manufacturing practice (FDA 21CFR 174.5) for adhesives, i.e. separated from direct contact with foods by a functional barrier layer, or there is only trace exposure to the adhesive to aqueous or fatty foods at seams or edges of the laminate structure. In cases where a large ratio of surface area of the adhesive layer to volume of food is involved and where exposure levels are severe, extraction tests may be required to assure that the food contact layer will perform as a functional barrier layer. Compliance with the provisions of these regulations, especially the suitability of the articles for the given application, the effect on smell and taste of the food, and observance of any given limitations, must be ensured by the person who introduces the articles into circulation. The specific restrictions mentioned in EC Plastics Regulation No 10/2011 and amendments have to be ensured. Migration should be measured on finished articles placed into contact with the foodstuff or appropriate food simulants for a period and at a temperature which are chosen by reference to the contact conditions in actual use. CERTIFICATION is expected to be compliant with EN (industrial compostability / biodegradability, heavy-metal content, plant-toxicity). Test are pending. If is used in applications, other than those mentioned, the choice, processing and use of is the sole responsibility of the purchaser. All legal and other regulations must be complied with. TRANSPORT, STORAGE AND SHELFLIFE must be stored in a cool dry place, out of direct sunlight and protected against humidity. Product should be maintained in closed bag, preferably predried and processed in a closed humid free system within 1 hour after opening. Storage time should not exceed 1 year after date of production of the granulate. PACKAGING Packaging; 25 kg paper bags, big bags, super sacks or octabins. Identification: Grade name, Lot nr. and production location. For more information and product specifications please contact: Rodenburg Biopolymers Denariusstraat RC Oosterhout PO Box CB Oosterhout The Netherlands T +31 (0) F +31 (0) Rodenburg Biopolymers is a trade name of RB Biobased Institute B.V.