CONTRIBUTORS 6/30/14. Major crops in Bangladesh. CDB strategy for cotton expansion

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1 // CONTRIBUTORS MD. FAKHRE ALAM IBNE TABIB, PhD DEPUTY DIRECTOR COTTON DEVELOPMENT BOARD DHAKA REGION, DHAKA. Dr. Md. Fakhre Alam Ibne Tabib, Deputy Director, CDB Prof. Dr. M. Abdul Karim, Department of Agronomy, BSMRAU Prof. Dr. M. Moynul Haque, Department of Agronomy, BSMRAU Name Contact Academic qualification Work Experience Specialization Membership Major Training Country Visited Author s biography : Md. Fakhre Alam Ibne Tabib : tabibfai@gmail.com Cell: : BSc. In Agriculture M Sc in Agronomy Post graduate Diploma in Development Planning PhD in Agronomy : years experience in cotton extension : System Agronomy : KIB, BSA, WSSB : Computer literacy, Biosafety and GMO crop, Government administration and finance : Egypt, Turkey RATIONAL limited high and medium high land cotton are facing high competition with vegetables, flowers and other high value crops higher cropping intensity cotton-slow growing and long duration fit into mungbean based cropping pattern important strategy for cotton expansion high system productivity, net return and land equivalent ratio Publication : CDB strategy for cotton expansion Drought area Hill area Saline area Char area in Agro-forestry based cropping pattern Intercropping Major crops in Bangladesh SL. Crop Area (ha) Production (m. tons). Rice 8,7 97,. Wheat 7, 9,. Maize, 887,. Jute, 9,. Pulses, 8,,,. Oil seeds, 78, 7. Sugar cane 7, 9, 8. Spices 8,8, 9. Tobaco 8,,., 7, Source : Agriculture Sta/s/cs Wing, BBS

2 // Land Type High land Medium high land Cropping Pattern. Boro - T. Aman - Fallow. Potato - Boro (HYV) - T.Aman. Pulses - Jute - Fallow. Wheat - Kaon - T. Aman. Tomato - Aus - Vegetables. Potato - Boro - T. Aman. Wheat - T. Aman - Pulses. Oilseed - Boro - T. Aman. Boro - T. Aman - Mustard. Tomato - Aus - Vegetable 7 Source: FAO, Bangladesh 8 Co:on based cropping pa:ern. Co>on- Sweet gourd. Co>on- Winter vegetables. Co>on- Maize- Sunhemp. Co>on-. Co>on- Jute/Mesta. Co>on- Wheat 7. Co>on- Sesame 8. Co>on- Chilli 9. Co>on- Groundnut. Co>on- Water melon. Co>on - Potato Source: CDB, Bangladesh 9 based cropping pa:ern Southern and South-Western region T. aman rice mungbean Fallow Aus rice T. Aman rice mungbean -(Haque et al. ) Central region Aus rice/jute-mungbean-fallow Northern region Aus rice-mungbean-rabi -(Rahman et al. ) Existing cotton based inter and relay cropping systems in Bangladesh Vegetables- red amaranth, danta, radish Pulses- mungbean, black gram Oil seeds- Sesame Spices- coriander as leaf, ginger, turmeric Co>on- rice intercropping in hilly areas Co>on- wheat relay cropping Co>on- chili relay cropping Co>on- aus rice relay cropping Co>on- sugarcane relay cropping Soil properties of the experimental site P H :. Organic matter (%) :.8 Total N (%) :. Available P (ppm) :. Exchangeable K (meq/g soil) Texture Classification : :. : Clay Loam Shallow Red-Brown Terrace with deeper clay horizons

3 // Rainfall (mm) Max. temperature ( C) 7 Relative humidity (%) Min. temperature ( C) OBJECTIVES July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June Max. and min. temperature ( C) Rainfall (mm) and relative humidity (%) Agro- meteorological feature 9 Experimental year (growing season 9-) to find out suitable planting pattern both spatial and temporal for cotton+mungbean intercropping system in order to achieve maximum productivity and economic return to determine the optimum population of mungbean as a companion crop with the main crop cotton under cotton+mungbean intercropping system. Treatments EXPERIMENTAL VARIABLES AND CROP MANAGEMENT Variety : - CB- and - BU mung- Design of Experiment : Randomized Complete Block Design T=Sole single row cotton Replication : Three T= Sole paired row cotton Unit Plot size :. m. m = Sole mungbean Fertilization : CDB recommendation fertilizer for cotton BARI recommendation fertilizer for mungbean T= Single row cotton+-row mungbean Final thinning : at two true leaf stage at first trifoliate stage Weeding : Two times = Single row cotton+-row mungbean Irrigation : Light irrigation T8= Paired row cotton+-row mungbean Insect management : Eight times insecticide spray and two hand picking of bollworm T9= Paired row cotton+-row mungbean Crop harvested : : DAS, DAS and 8 DAS : DAS and DAS T= Single row cotton+-row mungbean T= Single row cotton+-row mungbean T= Paired row cotton+-row mungbean T= Paired row cotton+7-row mungbean T T T 8c m 9cm T cm. m T T8 T T9. m T T T T T8 Fig... Sketch of the spatial arrangements 7 T T9 T T T 8 Pic... Picture showing different spatial arrangements

4 // Data recorded Yield and yield components of cotton and mungbean Gin properties and lint quality of cotton I. PRODUCTIVITY AND ECONOMICS Intercrop productivity - LER, MAI, Equivalent yield Economic evaluation - TVC, GR, NR, BCR Competition - RCC, CR II. GROWTH PATTERN Growth data- Plant height, CGR & LAI of cotton and mungbean Light availability - LTR Plant height (cm) 8 T T T T T T8 T9 T T Plant height (cm) 8 T T T T8 T9 T T Fig.. and Fig... Plant height in cotton and mungbean 9 Crop growth rate (g m - d - ) T T T T T T8 T9 T T Crop growth rate (g m - d - ) T T T T8 T9 T T Leaf area index 7 T T T T T T8 T9 T T Leaf area index T T T T8 T9 T T Fig... and Fig... Crop growth rate in cotton and mungbean Fig... and Fig..7. Leaf area index in cotton and mungbean Intercepted PAR (%) DAS DAS DAS DAS T T T T T T8 T9 T T Treatments Intercepted PAR (%) DAS DAS DAS DAS T T T T8 T9 T T Treatments Fig..8. and Fig..9. Intercepted PAR in cotton and mungbean canopy No. of boll plant - Seed cotton yield (kg ha-) T T T T T T8 T9 T T T T T T T T8 T9 T T Single boll weight (g) 7 T T T T T T8 T9 T T

5 // No. of pods plant - Seed yield of mungbean kg ha- 8 T T T T8 T9 T T T T T T8 T9 T T seed weight (g) T T T T8 T9 T T Treatment Fibre quality of cotton Fibre length (cm) Fibre strength (PSI) Micronaire value T T T T T T T T T T LSD (.)..8. Total Total Relative crowding co-efficient 8 8 T T T T8 T9 T T LER and partial LER T T T T8 T9 T T 7 8 Equivalent yield (kg ha - ) T T T T T T8 T9 T T Gross return, gross margin and benefit cost ratio (BCR) Treatment Gross return Gross margin BCR Tk ha - Tk ha - T T T 8.77 T T 9.9 T 8.8 T T T T T 9.9 SE (±) LSD (.) 9.9 Market price (Tk kg - ): Seed cotton-/-, -/- 9 Market price (Tk kg - ): Seed cotton-/-, -/-

6 // Agro- meteorological feature T T T T T 8 T T= sown days after cotton T T= sown days before cotton T Plant height (cm) Plant height (cm) T= Sole cotton T= sown days before cotton June TREATMENTS = +mungbean simultaneous sowing Apr Experimental year (growing season -) Pic... Picture showing temporal arrangements T= Sole mungbean May Mar Jan Feb Dec Oct Nov Sep July T Aug T Relative humidity (%) Min. temperature ( C) Max. and min. temperature ( C) Rainfall (mm) and relative humidity (%) T Rainfall (mm) Max. temperature ( C) = sown days after cotton Fig.. and Fig... Plant height in cotton and mungbean T T T T T T T T T T T Fig.. and Fig... Crop growth rate in cotton and mungbean T T. T. Leaf area index Crop growth rate (g m- d- ) Crop growth rate (g m- d- ) T Leaf area index T Fig.. and Fig..7. Leaf Area Index in cotton and mungbean

7 // Seed cotton yield (kg ha - ) T T T T Seed yield of mungbean (kg ha - ) 8 T T T T No. of bolls plant - T T T T Single boll weight (g) T T T T 7 No. of pods plant - T T T T seed weight (g) T T T T 8 Treatment Fibre quality of cotton Fibre length (cm) Fibre strength (PSI) Micronaire value T T T T T T LSD (.). NS NS LER and partial LER Total T T T 9 Total Equivalent yield (kg ha - ) Relative crowding coefficient T T T T T T T T Market price (Tk kg - ): Seed cotton-/-, -/- 7

8 //.8. Gross return, Gross margin and benefit cost ratio (BCR) Treatment Gross return Tk ha - Gross margin Tk ha - BCR Competitive ratio T T T T T T T T T T 7 8. Market price (Tk kg - ): Seed cotton-/-, -/- CONCLUSION Yield of cotton and mungbean was the highest in sole cropping but their equivalent yield was the maximum under intercropping. The highest productivity and economic return obtained from paired row cotton+-row mungbean with symultaneous sowing indicated the most efficient pattern, which had definite yield advantage over sole cropping. Intercropping reduced the growth of both cotton and mungbean but increased mungbean plant height 8