Name Date Class. In the space at the left, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or answers each question.

Transcription

1 Chapter Test A CHAPTER 11 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity Part A: Multiple Choice In the space at the left, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or answers each question 1 Which defines an organism that is homozygous for a trait? A has two different alleles for a trait B has two different genes for a trait C has two of the same alleles for a trait D has two of the same genes for a trait 2 White-flowered plants crossed with red-flowered plants to produce pink-flowered offspring is an example of A codominance B complete dominance C dominance D incomplete dominance 3 Which describes the 23 pairs of human chromosomes? A 1 autosome pair; 22 sex chromosome pairs B 1 sex chromosome pair; 22 autosome pairs C 2 autosome pairs; 21 sex chromosome pairs D 2 sex chromosome pairs; 21 autosome pairs Part B: Matching Write the letter of the correct human genetic disorder on the line next to its description Answers may be used only once 1 first appears in the person between ages and results in uncontrolled movements 2 common among people of eastern European, Jewish descent 3 creates white skin and hair A albinism B Huntington s disease C Tay-Sachs disease 60 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity CHAPTER 11 Unit 3

2 Chapter Test A CONTINUED Part C: Interpreting Pedigrees Use Figure 1 to answer each question 1 Interpret What do the Roman numerals in the pedigree diagram represent? Figure 1 Tay-Sachs Disease Pedigree 2 Interpret How many of the offspring in this example are carriers for Tay-Sachs disease? Use Figure 2 to answer each question Figure 2 Polydactyly Disorder Pedigree 3 Interpret What type of disorder does the pedigree above illustrate? 4 Interpret What are the gender and the possible genotypes represented by a black circle? Unit 3 CHAPTER 11 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity 61

3 Chapter Test A CONTINUED Part D: Short Answer Write your response to each statement in the space provided 1 Explain how human blood types are determined by multiple alleles 2 Describe sex-linked traits Part E: Concept Application Write your response to each statement in the space provided 1 Distinguish between a person who is a carrier for cystic fibrosis and a person who is afflicted with cystic fibrosis Include the term recessive genetic disorder in your answer 2 Critique A science student states that the government should provide funding to find a cure for people afflicted with Down syndrome Critique the student s statement 62 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity CHAPTER 11 Unit 3

4 Chapter Test B CHAPTER 11 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity Part A: Multiple Choice In the space at the left, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or answers each question 1 Which is the correct expression of a heterozygous genotype for a recessive genetic disorder? A a B A C aa D Aa 2 A dominant genetic disorder will be expressed if an individual has A one allele for the disorder B one gene for the disorder C two alleles for the disorder D two genes for the disorder 3 Which is a Barr body? A activated X chromosome B activated Y chromosome C inactivated X chromosome D inactivated Y chromosome 4 A large difference between the concordance rates of fraternal and identical twins shows A a strong environmental influence B a strong genetic influence C no environmental influence D no genetic influence Part B: Matching and Completion Matching Write the letter of the correct human genetic disorder on the line next to its symptoms Answers may be used only once or not at all 1 a 40-year old male who experiences neurological dysfunction 2 wears down the nervous system of a three-year-old child 3 an absence of pigments in the skin, hair, and eyes 4 stunts growth to a maximum of 12 m A achondroplasia B albinism C cystic fibrosis D Down syndrome 5 prevents cells from absorbing chloride ions E Huntington s disease F Tay-Sachs disease Unit 3 CHAPTER 11 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity 63

5 Chapter Test B CONTINUED Completion Write the correct term in the blank to complete each sentence below 6 A person who is a heterozygous for a recessive genetic disorder is called a(n) 7 An intermediate phenotype between two homozygous phenotypes is called 8 One allele masking the effect of a second allele is called 9 Chromosome pairs that are not sex chromosomes are called 10 The diversity of human eye color can be explained by understanding Part C: Interpreting Pedigrees Use Figure 1 to answer each question 1 Interpret What are the genotypes of the parents in this diagram? Figure 1 Tay-Sachs Disease Pedigree 2 Interpret If a person who does not carry the Tay-Sachs disease gene marries offspring II4, what are the possible genotypes for their children? Figure 2 Polydactyly Disorder Pedigree 64 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity CHAPTER 11 Unit 3

6 Chapter Test B CONTINUED Use Figure 2 on the previous page to respond to each statement 3 Identify the second-generation females who are homozygous recessive for this disorder 4 Infer the genotype of the first-generation female Explain Part D: Short Answer Write your response to each statement in the space provided 1 Infer the possible genotypes of people afflicted with sickle-cell anemia Describe their phenotypes 2 Explain the possible human blood types based on the multiple forms of alleles for the blood-type trait Part E: Concept Application Write your response to each statement in the space provided 1 Infer A Jewish couple is about to be married, but they both worry about their family history The man s uncle and the woman s aunt died of Tay-Sachs disease Infer why the couple is hiring a genetic counselor to analyze their family s pedigree 2 Critique During a science lecture, a student states that human females cannot be red-green color blind because color blindness is a sex-linked trait Critique the student s statement Unit 3 CHAPTER 11 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity 65

7 Chapter Test C CHAPTER 11 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity Part A: Multiple Choice In the space at the left, write the letter of the term, phrase, or sentence that best answers each question 1 Which is a dominant genetic disorder? A achondroplasia B albinism C galactosemia D hemophilia 2 Which disorder prevents sufficient chloride ions from entering cells? A albinism B galactosemia C cystic fibrosis D Down syndrome 3 What is the effect of sickle-cell anemia? A blocked respiratory pathways B decreased neurological functions C inefficient oxygen transportation D susceptibility to contracting malaria 4 What is the genotype of a woman with red-green color blindness? A X b X b B X B X B C X b Y D X B Y 5 How can the genetic disorder known as hemophilia be defined? A dominant, sex-linked disorder common to females B dominant, sex-linked disorder common to males C recessive, sex-linked disorder common to females D recessive, sex-linked disorder common to males 6 Why is Down syndrome called trisomy 21? A The person has 21 pairs of chromosomes instead of 23 B The person has an abnormal gene on chromosome 21 C The syndrome is caused by having 21 pairs of autosomes D The syndrome results from an extra chromosome 21 Part B: Completion Write the correct term in the blank to complete each sentence below 1 A person who is a heterozygous for albinism is called a(n) 2 An intermediate heterozygous phenotype between two homozygous phenotypes is called 66 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity CHAPTER 11 Unit 3

8 Chapter Test C CONTINUED 3 occurs when the recessive allele for no pigment masks the dominant allele for dark color in Labrador retrievers 4 The wide diversity of human height is an example of traits called 5 The percentage of identical twins that both have a given trait is called a(n) 6 The fetal test for genetic disorders performed after 15 weeks of pregnancy is called Part C: Interpreting Pedigrees Use Figure 1 to respond to each statement 1 Identify the genotypes of the offspring in this diagram Figure 1 Tay-Sachs Disease Pedigree 2 Infer the possible genotypes and phenotypes of children born to a marriage between II4 and a carrier of the disease Use Figure 2 on the next page to respond to each statement 3 Identify the genotypes of the following individuals: I2, II2, II3, and II4 4 Infer the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the children of person II5 who marries a heterozygous partner for the disorder Unit 3 CHAPTER 11 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity 67

9 Chapter Test C CONTINUED Figure 2 Polydactyly Disorder Pedigree Part D: Short Answer Write your response to each statement in the space provided 1 Explain the purpose of analyzing pedigrees 2 Compare and contrast X and Y chromosomes Part E: Concept Application Write your response to each statement in the space provided 1 Infer A homozygous red bull is mated with a homozygous white cow The offspring have red and white hairs interspersed in their coats Infer the inheritance pattern of the cattle Explain 2 Infer A child is born with type A blood Infer the possible genotypes of the child s parents 68 Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity CHAPTER 11 Unit 3