Heredity and DNA Assignment 1

Transcription

1 Heredity and DNA Assignment 1 Name 1. Which sequence best represents the relationship between DNA and the traits of an organism? A B C D 2. In some people, the lack of a particular causes a disease. Scientists are attempting to use bacteria to produce this for the treatment of people with the disease. Which row in the chart below best describes the sequence of steps the scientists would most likely follow? Row Step A Step B Step C Step D A B C D identify the gene insert the gene into a bacterium identify the gene remove the gene insert the gene into a bacterium identify the gene remove the gene remove the gene remove the gene insert the gene into a bacterium identify the gene 3. Which statement best describes a chromosome? a. It is a gene that has thousands of different forms. b. It has genetic information contained in DNA. c. It is a reproductive cell that influences more than one trait. d. It contains hundreds of genetically identical DNA molecules. insert the gene into a bacterium

2 4. The sequence of bases in one strand of a DNA molecule is C C G T A C. Which of the following represents the sequence of bases created on this strand during replication? a. C C G T AC b. G G C U T G c. G G C A T G d. G G C A U G 5. What has occurred when the sequence of DNA bases is altered during replication? a. mutation b. translation c. denaturation d. transcription Use the following information to answer the next question. 6. The genotypes of individuals II-6 and III-7 are identified in row

3 Use the following information to answer the next question. 7. Which of the following rows identifies process 1 and process 3 in the life cycle shown above?

4 8. Based on the evidence shown in the illustration of the electrophoresis gel, which of the following statements is most probable? a. Suspect W and suspect Y are closely related. b. Suspect W and suspect Z are identical twins. c. Suspect X left biological evidence at the crime scene. d. Suspect Y left biological evidence at the crime scene. Use the following information to answer the next question. The diagram below illustrates the process of cell division. 9. What is the significance of anaphase in this process? a. Anaphase usually ensures that each daughter cell has the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. b. Anaphase usually ensures that each daughter cell has twice as many chromosomes as the parent cell. c. In anaphase, the cell splits in half. d. In anaphase, the DNA is being replicated.

5 10. Which of the following Punnett squares represents this cross? Use the following information to answer the next two questions. Cyclodiene insecticides block the receptor that normally inhibits the firing of nerve cells. It is known that some fruit flies are resistant to cyclodiene. A research project was performed to identify the resistant gene. The DNA of the resistant strain of flies was compared with DNA from the non-resistant strain. Before analyzing the DNA, the researchers conducted an experiment to make sure they had produced a strain of resistant fruit flies. This experiment included the following steps. 1. A sample of wild flies and a sample of the resistant strain of flies were treated with cyclodiene. 2. The percentage of flies surviving in each sample was calculated. 11. The responding variable in this experiment was the a. total fly sample b. resistant fly sample c. application of cyclodiene d. number of flies that survived

6 12. A cross between a homozygous resistant fly and a homozygous non-resistant fly is represented by RR x rr. If resistance to cyclodiene is due to a single dominant gene, the percentage of offspring that would be resistant from a cross between a homozygous resistant fly and homozygous non-resistant fly is a. 25% b. 50% c. 75% d. 100% Use the following information to answer the next two questions. Drosphila melanogaster is a species of fruit fly commonly used in genetic research. Some mutations are so disruptive to an organism that they cause death. These mutations produce lethal alleles. Non-lethal dominant allele- L lethal recessive allele- l Cross X L X l x X L Y Numerical response 1 What is the predicted percentage of offspring from this cross that will die because of this lethal allele? Answer % Record your two digit answer. 13. The Punnett square that depicts the above cross, where the allele is X-linked, is