Satoshi Kawata. Near-Field Optic s and Surface Plasmon Polaritons

Transcription

1 Satoshi Kawata Near-Field Optic s and Surface Plasmon Polaritons

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3 Near-Field Optics and the Surface Plasmon Polariton Dieter W. Pohl 1 1. Introduction 1 2. Back to the Roots Rayleigh and Mie Scattering Surface Plasmon Polaritons Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Resonant Interaction of Particles Small Structures Next to an Interface Between Extended Media Small Apertures 6 3. NFO, SPP, and SNOM/NSOM Aperture SNOM/NSOM `Apertureless ' SNOM/NSOM Photon-Tunneling Optical Microscopes Theoretical Studies 8 4. Summary and Outlook 9 References 1 0 Near-Field Microscope Probes Utilizing Surface Plasmon Polariton s Satoshi Kawata Super-Resolution and Wavelength Shortening Near-Field Imaging for Super-Resolution Surface Plasmon Polaritons A Family of Near-Field Probes Imaging Theory of Near-Field Microscopy Spectroscopic Issues 24 References 26

4 Apertureless Metallic Probes for Near-Field Microscop y Yasushi Inouye Introduction Apertureless Metallic-Probe NSOM Field Enhancement due to an Apertureless Metallic Probe Principle of an Apertureless NSOM Features of the Metallic Probe Near-Field Imaging Using a Metallic Tip Scattering of an Evanescent Field at a Metallic Tip Observation of Surface Wave on a Periodic Structures Biological Sample NSOM Imaging in Reflection Mode Multiheight Imaging Near-Field Spectroscopy Using a Metallic Tip 4 5 References 4 8 Controlling Light Confinement by Excitatio n of Localized Surface Plasmons Ulrich Ch. Fischer, Alain Dereux and Jean-Claude Weeber Introduction Squeezing of the Plasmon Field Localized Plasmons around Lithographically Designed Nanostructures Light Confinement at the Apex of a SNOM Tip Structure of a Tetrahedral Tip Optical Properties of the Tetrahedral Tip Surface Plasmons and Light Confinement in the Tetrahedral Tip 6 1 References 6 8 Spectroscopy of Gap Modes in Metal Particle-Surface System s Shinji Hayashi Introduction Characteristics of the Gap Modes Observation of Gap Modes for Ag Islands on an Al Surface Experimental Procedure Absorption Spectra Light Emission from SPP Modes Mediated by Metallic Nanoparticles Experimental Procedure Light Emission Observed Contribution of the Gap Modes Excitation of SPPs Mediated by Metallic Nanoparticles Concluding Remarks 9 2 References 94

5 Near-Field Spectral Analysis of Metallic Bead s Takayuki Okamoto Dielectric Function of Metals Drude Free Electron Model Interband Transitions Size Effect Scattering by a Small Metal Sphere Quasi-Static Approximation Field Induced by Oscillating Dipole Scattering Cross Section Mie's Theory Spectra of Cross Sections Scattering by Ellipsoids Scattering by a Coated Sphere and by a Metal Shell Sphere above Substrate Scattering by Multiparticles Optical Sensors Using Gold Colloid Monolayers 11 8 References 12 1 Forces in Optical Near-Fields Lukas Novotny Introduction Theory Radiation Pressure Dipole Approximation Trapping by a Laser-Illuminated Metal Tip 13 3 References 140 Laser Trapping of a Metallic Probe for Near Field Microscopy Tadao Sugiura Introduction Mechanism of Laser Trapping Laser Trapping of Metallic Particles Radiation Forces on Metallic Rayleigh Particles Radiation Force in a Laser Beam Spot Experiment on 3-D Laser Trapping of a Gold Particle Feedback Stabilization of Probe Position Scattering Properties of Metallic Particles Scattering Efficiencies Near-Field Distributions Around a Metallic Particle Laser-Trapping NSOM Principle of the Laser-Trapping NSOM 154

6 5.2. Experimental Setup Observations of Various Samples DNA Molecules Stained with YOYO-1 Iodide Summary 16 0 References 16 0 Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorptio n Masatoshi Osawa Introduction Enhancement Mechanisms Electromagnetic Mechanism Chemical Mechanisms Electrochemical Dynamics Monitored by SEIRAS Experimental Technique Comparison of ATR-SEIRAS and IR-RAS Time-Resolved Monitoring of Electrode Dynamics A New Approach to Electrode Dynamics Summary and Remarks 18 1 References 18 2 Excitation of Surface Plasmon Polariton s by a Focused Laser Beam Hiroshi Kano Introduction Theory of Localized SPPs Observation of Localized SPPs Thickness Measurement of LBK Films with Localized SPPs Microscopy with Localized SPPs Further Development of Localized SPPs 20 5 References 20 5 Index 207