Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance from Chapter 9. Microbiology: A Systems Approach 1 st Edition Cowan & Talaro

Transcription

1 Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance from Chapter 9 Microbiology: A Systems Approach 1 st Edition Cowan & Talaro

2 Types of intermicrobial exchange conjugation transformation requires the attachment of two related species & formation of a bridge that can transport DNA transfer of naked DNA transduction DNA transfer mediated by bacterial virus 2

3 conjugation 3

4 (a, b) Process of Conjugation (c) F Factor Transfer Bridge Donor Recipient F + F (d) Hfr Transfer Donor Recipient Pilus Hfr cell Integration of into chromosome Pilus Chromosome Chromosome F + F Partial copy of donor chromosome (a) The pilus of donor cell (top) attaches to receptor on recipient cell and retracts to draw the two cells together. being copied F + F + Bridge broken Donated genes Conjugation bridge (b) An opening or pore forms between the cell walls, thereby creating a bridge to transmit genetic material. (c) Transfer of the, or conjugative plasmid. A cell must have this plasmid to transfer chromosomal genes. (d) High frequency (Hfr) transfer involves transmission of chromosomal genes from a donor cell to a recipient cell. The donor chromosome is duplicated and transmitted in part to a recipient cell, where 4 it is integrated into the chromosome.

5 (a, b) Process of Conjugation Pilus (a) The pilus of donor cell (top) attaches to receptor on recipient cell and retracts to draw the two cells together. 5

6 (a, b) Process of Conjugation Pilus (a) The pilus of donor cell (top) attaches to receptor on recipient cell and retracts to draw the two cells together. Conjugation bridge (b) An opening or pore forms between the cell walls, thereby creating a bridge to transmit genetic material. 6

7 (c) F Factor Transfer Bridge Donor Recipient F + F Chromosome 7

8 (c) F Factor Transfer Bridge Donor Recipient F + F Chromosome F + F being copied 8

9 (c) F Factor Transfer Bridge Donor Recipient F + F Chromosome F + F being copied F + F + (c) Transfer of the, or conjugative plasmid. A cell must have this plasmid to transfer chromosomal genes. 9

10 Conjugation Video 10

11 (d) Hfr Transfer Hfr cell Donor Recipient Integration of into chromosome Pilus Chromosome 11

12 (d) Hfr Transfer Hfr cell Donor Recipient Integration of into chromosome Pilus Chromosome Partial copy of donor chromosome 12

13 (d) Hfr Transfer Hfr cell Donor Recipient Integration of into chromosome Pilus Chromosome Partial copy of donor chromosome Bridge broken Donated genes (d) High frequency (Hfr) transfer involves transmission of chromosomal genes from a donor cell to a recipient cell. The donor chromosome is duplicated and transmitted in part to a recipient cell, where 13 it is integrated into the chromosome.

14 Hfr Conjugation Video 14

15 (a, b) Process of Conjugation (c) F Factor Transfer Bridge Donor Recipient F + F (d) Hfr Transfer Donor Recipient Pilus Hfr cell Integration of into chromosome Pilus Chromosome Chromosome F + F Partial copy of donor chromosome (a) The pilus of donor cell (top) attaches to receptor on recipient cell and retracts to draw the two cells together. being copied F + F + Bridge broken Donated genes Conjugation bridge (b) An opening or pore forms between the cell walls, thereby creating a bridge to transmit genetic material. (c) Transfer of the, or conjugative plasmid. A cell must have this plasmid to transfer chromosomal genes. (d) High frequency (Hfr) transfer involves transmission of chromosomal genes from a donor cell to a recipient cell. The donor chromosome is duplicated and transmitted in part to a recipient cell, where 15 it is integrated into the chromosome.

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17 transformation 17

18 Transformation Video 18

19 Generalized transduction 19

20 (1) (2) Phage DNA Donor (host) chromosome Cell A (donor) Parts of phage Separated piece of host DNA Phage incorporating piece of host DNA Lysis (3) DNA from donor (4) Cell B (recipient) Incorporated into chromosome (5) Cell survives and utilizes transduced DNA 20

21 Phage DNA Donor (host) chromosome (1) Cell A (donor) 21

22 Phage DNA Donor (host) chromosome (1) Cell A (donor) Parts of phage Separated piece of host DNA (2) 22

23 Parts of phage Separated piece of host DNA (2) Phage incorporating piece of host DNA 23

24 Phage incorporating piece of host DNA Lysis (3) 24

25 Lysis (3) DNA from donor (4) Cell B (recipient) 25

26 DNA from donor (4) Cell B (recipient) Incorporated into chromosome (5) Cell survives and utilizes transduced DNA 26

27 Transduction Video 27

28 Specialized transduction 28

29 Specialized Transduction Video 29

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