Review Quizzes Chapters 11-16

Transcription

1 Review Quizzes Chapters 11-16

2 1. In pea plants, the allele for smooth seeds (S) is dominant over the allele for wrinkled seeds (s). In an experiment, when two hybrids are crossed, what percent of the offspring share the same genotype as the parents? a. 0% b. 25% c. 50% d. 75% e. 100%

3 1. In pea plants, the allele for smooth seeds (S) is dominant over the allele for wrinkled seeds (s). In an experiment, when two hybrids are crossed, what percent of the offspring share the same genotype as the parents? a. 0% b. 25% c. 50% d. 75% e. 100%

4 2. Which of the following findings provides the best evidence that an abnormal trait is sex-linked? a. The trait always skips a generation. b. Some members of a family are carriers of the disease. c. The trait appears in all of the offspring. d. The trait is passed from mother to daughters. e. The trait is passed from mothers to sons.

5 2. Which of the following findings provides the best evidence that an abnormal trait is sex-linked? a. The trait always skips a generation. b. Some members of a family are carriers of the disease. c. The trait appears in all of the offspring. d. The trait is passed from mother to daughters. e. The trait is passed from mothers to sons.

6 3. An organism has three independently assorting traits AaBbCc. What fraction of its gametes will contain the recessive genes abc? a. 0 b. 1/8 c. 1/4 d. 1/2 e. 3/4

7 3. An organism has three independently assorting traits AaBbCc. What fraction of its gametes will contain the recessive genes abc? a. 0 b. 1/8 c. 1/4 d. 1/2 e. 3/4

8 4. The AB blood type in humans is best described as a. incomplete dominance b. codominance c. sex-linkage d. polygenic inheritance e. cytoplasmic inheritance

9 4. The AB blood type in humans is best described as a. incomplete dominance b. codominance c. sex-linkage d. polygenic inheritance e. cytoplasmic inheritance

10 5. If an individual who is homozygous dominant for a trait mates with an individual who is homozygous recessive for that trait, their offspring will be a. all homozygous dominant b. all homozygous recessive c. ½ homozygous dominant and ½ homozygous recessive d. all heterozygous e. ½ homozygous dominant and ½ heterozygous

11 5. If an individual who is homozygous dominant for a trait mates with an individual who is homozygous recessive for that trait, their offspring will be a. all homozygous dominant b. all homozygous recessive c. ½ homozygous dominant and ½ homozygous recessive d. all heterozygous e. ½ homozygous dominant and ½ heterozygous

12 6. In the fruit fly, Drosophila, the allele for a normal body (B) is dominant to the allele for hairy body (b). When two normal-bodied fruit flies were mated they produced 81 hair-bodied flies and 319 normal-bodied flies. The genotypes of the parents are most likely a. BB x bb b. BB x Bb c. Bb x Bb d. Bb x bb e. bb x bb

13 6. In the fruit fly, Drosophila, the allele for a normal body (B) is dominant to the allele for hairy body (b). When two normal-bodied fruit flies were mated they produced 81 hair-bodied flies and 319 normal-bodied flies. The genotypes of the parents are most likely a. BB x bb b. BB x Bb c. Bb x Bb d. Bb x bb e. bb x bb

14 7. What type of bonds joins one strand of DNA to another strand of DNA, forming a double helix? a. ionic bonds b. hydrogen bonds c. polar covalent bonds d. hydrophobic interactions e. nonpolar covalent bonds

15 7. What type of bonds joins one strand of DNA to another strand of DNA, forming a double helix? a. ionic bonds b. hydrogen bonds c. polar covalent bonds d. hydrophobic interactions e. nonpolar covalent bonds

16 8. Which scientist(s) identified DNA as the genetic material of inheritance? a. Mendel b. Watson and Crick c. Darwin d. Avery e. Okazaki

17 8. Which scientist(s) identified DNA as the genetic material of inheritance? a. Mendel b. Watson and Crick c. Darwin d. Avery e. Okazaki

18 9. DNA is composed of nucleotides. Which of the following best describes the components of a nucleotide? a. ribose and phosphate group b. ribose and nitrogenous base c. deoxyribose and a phosphate group d. ribose, deoxyribose and a nitrogenous base e. deoxyribose, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base

19 9. DNA is composed of nucleotides. Which of the following best describes the components of a nucleotide? a. ribose and phosphate group b. ribose and nitrogenous base c. deoxyribose and a phosphate group d. ribose, deoxyribose and a nitrogenous base e. deoxyribose, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base

20 10. Which of the following statements is false? a. Mutations are important in evolution. b. Errors in DNA replication can cause mutations. c. Mutagens are substances which cause cancer. d. Products of cellular metabolism can cause mutations. e. DNA polymerase proofreads newly synthesized DNA.

21 10. Which of the following statements is false? a. Mutations are important in evolution. b. Errors in DNA replication can cause mutations. c. Mutagens are substances which cause cancer. d. Products of cellular metabolism can cause mutations. e. DNA polymerase proofreads newly synthesized DNA.

22 11. In gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments migrate toward the electrode; the the fragment, the faster it moves through the gel. a. negative; smaller b. negative; larger c. positive; smaller d. positive; larger e. none of the above

23 11. In gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments migrate toward the electrode; the the fragment, the faster it moves through the gel. a. negative; smaller b. negative; larger c. positive; smaller d. positive; larger e. none of the above

24 12. Which of the following substances is found in RNA but not in DNA? a. adenine b. phosphate c. thymine d. deoxyribose e. ribose

25 12. Which of the following substances is found in RNA but not in DNA? a. adenine b. phosphate c. thymine d. deoxyribose e. ribose

26 13. Which of the following cellular organelles is most closely associated with the transcription activity of RNA? a. mitochondria b. nucleus c. ribosomes d. Golgi apparatus e. lysosome

27 13. Which of the following cellular organelles is most closely associated with the transcription activity of RNA? a. mitochondria b. nucleus c. ribosomes d. Golgi apparatus e. lysosome

28 14. Which of the following cellular organelles is most closely associated with the translation activity of RNA? a. mitochondria b. nucleus c. ribosomes d. Golgi apparatus e. lysosome

29 14. Which of the following cellular organelles is most closely associated with the translation activity of RNA? a. mitochondria b. nucleus c. ribosomes d. Golgi apparatus e. lysosome

30 15. If a messenger RNA codon is UAC, which of the following would be the complementary anticodon triplet in the trna? a. ATG b. AUC c. AUG d. ATT e. ATC

31 15. If a messenger RNA codon is UAC, which of the following would be the complementary anticodon triplet in the trna? a. ATG b. AUC c. AUG d. ATT e. ATC

32 16. The correct sequence between genes and their phenotypic expression is a. RNA-DNA-protein-trait b. DNA-RNA-protein-trait c. protein-dna-rna-trait d. trait-dna-rna-protein e. trait-protein-dna-rna

33 16. The correct sequence between genes and their phenotypic expression is a. RNA-DNA-protein-trait b. DNA-RNA-protein-trait c. protein-dna-rna-trait d. trait-dna-rna-protein e. trait-protein-dna-rna

34 17. During posttranslational modification, the polypeptide from a eukaryotic cell typically undergoes a substantial alteration that results in a. excision of introns b. addition of a poly(a) tail c. forming of peptide bond d. a change in the overall conformation of the polypeptide e. the synthesis of amino acids

35 17. During posttranslational modification, the polypeptide from a eukaryotic cell typically undergoes a substantial alteration that results in a. excision of introns b. addition of a poly(a) tail c. forming of peptide bond d. a change in the overall conformation of the polypeptide e. the synthesis of amino acids

36 18. All of the following enzymes are involved in the replicative process of DNA EXCEPT a. DNA helicase b. DNA polymerase c. RNA polymerase d. RNA primase e. DNA ligase

37 18. All of the following enzymes are involved in the replicative process of DNA EXCEPT a. DNA helicase b. DNA polymerase c. RNA polymerase d. RNA primase e. DNA ligase

38 19. Which of the following represents the maximum number of amino acids that could be incorporated into a polypeptide encoded by 21 nucleotides of mrna? a. 3 b. 7 c. 21 d. 42 e. 63

39 19. Which of the following represents the maximum number of amino acids that could be incorporated into a polypeptide encoded by 21 nucleotides of mrna? a. 3 b. 7 c. 21 d. 42 e. 63

40 a. uracil nucleotide b. guanine nucleotide c. translation d. transcription e. splicing 20. takes place only in eukaryotes 21. forms three hydrogen bonds when linked with cytosine 22. DNA RNA 23. found only in RNA

41 a. uracil nucleotide b. guanine nucleotide c. translation d. transcription e. splicing 20. takes place only in eukaryotes E 21. forms three hydrogen bonds when linked with cytosine B 22. DNA RNA D 23. found only in RNA A

42 a. Okazaki fragments b. transposons c. lagging strand d. leading strand e. hnrna 24. DNA segments that can move around the genome 25. The strand that is first assembled in discrete nucleotide segments 26. The discontinuous strand during DNA replication 27. Unprocessed RNA molecules that are precursors

43 a. Okazaki fragments b. transposons c. lagging strand d. leading strand e. hnrna 24. DNA segments that can move around the genome B 25. The strand that is first assembled in discrete nucleotide segments C 26. The discontinuous strand during DNA replication C 27. Unprocessed RNA molecules that are precursors E

44 a. phenotype b. codominance c. heterozygous d. dihybrid cross e. monohybrid cross 28. two different alleles for the same trait are observed in a single organism 29. the functional manifestations of gene activity in an organism 30. the individual expression of two inherited alleles

45 a. phenotype b. codominance c. heterozygous d. dihybrid cross e. monohybrid cross 28. two different alleles for the same trait are observed in a single organism C 29. the functional manifestations of gene activity in an organism A 30. the individual expression of two inherited alleles B