Sample Questions: If you can't figure out the correct answer yourself, ask a classmate, or a TA. I will be available for all other types of questions.
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1 Sample Questions: If you can't figure out the correct answer yourself, ask a classmate, or a TA. I will be available for all other types of questions. (10 pts) The genes gl and cal are 32 mu apart on Chromosome 1 of wild-type Arabidopsis. In a plant treated with ionizing radiation, a paracentric inversion was found that spanned about one-quarter of this region but did not include either of the loci. What approximate recombinant frequency between gl and cal would you predict in plants that are; a. (2 pts) homozygous wild-type? b. (4 pts) heterozygous for the paracentric inversion? c. (4 pts) homozygous for the paracentric inversion? (4 pts) Klinefelter's Syndrome in human's, which leads to underdeveloped testes and sterility is caused by which chromosomal condition (circle one); a. 47, XXY b. 47, +21 c. 45, X d. 47, XYY e. triploidy 4 pts) A genomic condition which may be responsible for some forms of fragile X syndrome as well as Huntington disease involves (circle one); a. F plasmids inserted into the FMR-I gene. b. various lengths of trinucleotide repeats. c. multiple breakpoints fairly evenly dispersed along the X chromosome. d. multiple inversions in the X chromosome. e. single translocations in the X chromosome.
2 (16 pts) In Drosophila, a cross (cross 1) was made between two mutant flies, one homozygous for the recessive mutation bent wing (b) and the other homozygous for the recessive mutation eyeless (e). The mutations e and b are alleles of two different genes that are known to be very closely linked on the tiny autosomal chromosome 4. All the progeny from cross 1 were wild-type phenotype. One of the female progeny was crossed with a male of genotype be/be (cross 2). Most of the progeny of cross 2 were of the expected types, but there was also one rare female of wild-type phenotype. a. (4 pts) What genotype(s) do you expect in the progeny from cross 2. b. (4 pts) Could the rare wild-type female in cross 2 have arisen by (circle all possible correct answers) i. crossing-over? ii. ascentric tetrads? iii. nondisjunction? iv. paracentric inversion and crossing over? v. Turner Syndrome c. (8 pts) To determine which if any of your answers from 4b. are corect, you test-cross the rare wild-type female from cross 2 to a male of genotype be/be (cross 3). Cross 3 progeny are scorred and found to be1/6 wild-type, 1/6 bent, eyeless, 1/3 bent and 1/3 eyeless. Explain the genotypes and phenotypes of the prodgeny of cross 3 and their proportions; Hint: Define cross 3 parent's genotypes first, then show all possible offspring and their proportions. Doing this correctly will be sufficient for full credit.
3 You need a pure culture of E. coli cells of the following genotype for a critical experiment; F' genotype: F' lac + str R Chromosomal Genotype: lac thr arg str s You already have the following E. coli strains; Strain F' Genotype Chromosomal Genotype WWU1 F' lac + str r lac thr str s WWU2 F- lac ara leu str s WWU3 F- lac thr arg str s You only have two types of media plates: Media A MM + arabinose + leucine + streptomycin Media B MM + lactose + threonine + arginine + streptomycin Describe in detail how you would isolate the new strain. Include complete genotype designations for all bacteria used and identify donor and recipient strains. Also, include incubation temperatures, incubation times and the medium you would use for each step. A flow chart may help you organize the experiment.
4 (10 pts) You have an F - strain of E. coli that is resistant to streptomycin but requires the following amino acids for growth on minimal medium: arginine, cysteine, methionine, phenylalanine, and proline. You do a series of intermpted mating experiments with two different Hfr strains (Hfr1 and Hfr2), both of which are wildtype for all of the amino acid markers, but are Lac - and Str s. The following data are the times in minutes at which you first observed recombinant progeny containing the indicated amino-acid marker. Draw a chromosome map showing all the genes, the position of the origin of each Hfr, the direction of transfer of each Hfr, and the distances between each marker. Use a directional arrowhead to indicate each origin of transfer. F - x Hfr1 F - x Hfr2 Arg 5 40 Cys Met Phe Pro 10 35
5 (8 pts) A transformation experiment is performed with a donor strain that is resistant to four drugs: A, B, C, and D. The recipient is sensitive to all four drugs. The treated recipient cell population is divided up and plated on media containing various combinations of the drugs. The following table shows the results. Drug(s) Number of Drug(s) Number of Added Colonies Added Colonies None 10,000 BC 51 A 1,156 BD 49 B 1,148 CD 786 C 1,161 ACB 30 D 1,139 ABD 42 AB 46 ACD 630 AC 640 BCD 36 AD 942 ABCD 30 a. (4 pts) One gene is distant from three closely linked genes. Circle the distant gene; i. A ii. B iii. C iv. D b. (4 pts) Of the three closely linked genes, circle the one that is in the middle? i. A ii. B iii. C iv. D (4 pts) In another transformation experiment involving a recipient bacteria of genotype a - b -, the following results were obtained. Transformants (%) Transforming DNA a + b - a - b + a + b + a + b a + b - and a - b True or false, a is linked to b. True False Not enough data.
6 (4 pts) In a general transduction experiment, T4 phage are grown on trp + lac + amp R tet S E. coli and are used to transduce E. coli that are trp - lac - amp S tet R. What would you supplement minimal media (agar, salts) with to identify the trp + lac + amp R tet R transductants that you plate on these media? (16 pts) Circle the correct answer after the following questions; a. An individual with Patau's syndrome would be called a triploid? b. Amplidiploidy can be induced with the drug colchicine? c. Which of the following individuals would not display Klinefelter syndrome; XXY XXYY XXXY XYY XXXXY d. Prophage are replicated during binary fission? e. Individual's with Turner syndrome are fertile? f. Triploid organisms are frequently infertile and larger than diploids? g. XXX syndrome individuals are fertile? h. At least 15% of human embryoss self-abort prior to birth, this is due in part to, i. chromosomal deletions ii. chromosomal inversions iii. trisomy iv. monosomy v. chromosomal translocations vi. all of the above
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