Anthro 101: Human Biological Evolution. Lecture 3: Genetics & Inheritance. Prof. Kenneth Feldmeier feldmekj.weebly.
|
|
- Aldous Farmer
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Anthro 101: Human Biological Evolution Lecture 3: Genetics & Inheritance Prof. Kenneth Feldmeier feldmekj.weebly.com
2 What is Genetics??? Genetics is the scientific study of heredity. Heredity is what makes each species unique.
3 Reminders Quiz 1 week from today Most of content is based upon the reading 3
4 Who was the man when it came to genetics? v=nwqgzunjday 4
5 Mendel s Work Mendel used true-breeding plants which means if they were left to breed with themselves they would produce offspring identical to themselves. Mendel studied 7 different traits in pea plants. A trait is a specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another.
6 Mendel showed simple genetic principles Segregation Traits determined jointly by pairs of alleles Either allele can end up in a gamete Zygotes get 1 allele from mom, 1 allele from dad Dominance Sometimes, two different alleles at a gene loci (heterozygous) only one is expressed
7 More on Mendel s Work Hybrids are offspring from parents with different traits. Genes are the chemical factors that determine a trait. The different forms of a gene are called alleles.
8 Lets get down to the basics Somatic cells & Gametes both contain DNA nucleus mitochondria DNA in nucleus, mtdna in mitochondria
9 DNA Basics 99.99% of all DNA in the nucleus of a cell DNA long strands of biochemical information (legos or beads) Sections of DNA form functional units = genes Genes are recipes for proteins Proteins serve functions in the body = traits
10 Genotype / Phenotype Phenotype: observable traits The proteins that are built using the recipe. Genotype: the alleles you carry The recipe in your DNA.
11 Universal Genetic Code All living organisms have DNA made of the same material that serves similar functions The universality of the genetic code implies a common ancestry for all life on the planet Organisms differ in the amount of DNA BUT the most important differences are in the arrangement of the DNA. Different order of nucleotides à different proteins
12 What the heck is DNA? 12
13 Where we at? Quiz 1 Thursday/Tuesday 13
14 Chromosomes = packages of DNA Cells have 2 versions of each chromosome we have 23 homologous pairs, 46 total Homologous Chromosomes
15 Genes are segments on chromosomes Genes on chromosomes like beads on a string Each gene has a specific location = locus Gene loci There can be different versions of the same kind of gene: these are called alleles Homologous alleles work together to produce phenotype
16 Homozygous vs. Heterozygous Genotypes Homozygous: the same allele at the same locus on both versions of the chromosome Heterozygous: a different allele at a particular locus on each chromosome
17 Dominant & recessive alleles 2 different alleles (heterozygous) = Aa Sometimes one of the alleles overrides the effects of other: this is called dominance = A > a Aa A dominant allele overrides the effects of a recessive allele AA or aa
18 I. Introduction to Mendelian Genetics a. Who is considered to be the father of modern genetics? c. Brie3ly de3ine the following key terms: i. Mendelian Traits= ii. Principle of Segregation = iii. Principle of Independent Assortment = iv. Gene = v. Allele= vi. Phenotype = vii. Genotype= 18
19 Cell Division: Sharing the recipe DNA replicates before cell division Two types of replication: Mitosis: makes a new somatic (body) cell Meiosis: makes gametes (sex cells, sperm and eggs) used in sexual reproduction
20 Mitosis: replication of somatic cells When somatic cells divide chromosomes are doubled Doubles are split between two daughter cells Each daughter cell has an identical set of chromosomes to the original cell
21 Meiosis: production of gametes Gametes (eggs and sperm) have only 1 copy of each chromosome Chromosome pairs duplicate and divide into singles, distributed between 4 gametes When gametes fuse during sexual reproduction, they create a zygote with full set of chromosomes
22 To make a new organism Parents make gametes Gametes from two parents fuse to form offspring For each chromosome, offspring carry two copies: one from each parent
23 Punnett Square Method a A Aa A Aa Genotypes 4 Aa a Aa Aa Phenotypes 4 Yellow
24 Punnett Square Method A A AA a Aa Genotypes 1 AA 2 Aa 1 aa a Aa aa Phenotypes 3 Yellow 1 Green
25 Practice Problem # 1: In humans, the allele for free hanging ear lobes (E) is dominant over the allele for attached earlobes (e). Two heterozygote individuals are crossed. What are the resulting genotypic and phenotypic ratios for their offspring (Generation I)? Genotypic Ratio: Phenotypic Ratio: 25
26 Recombination is important for evolution Recombination shuffling of alleles during meiosis = unique gametes Independent assortment of alleles at different gene loci Mixing of alleles during sexual reproduction = unique offspring The fate of a new mutation is unrelated to other traits New traits can spread independently in a population Novel combinations of traits can appear in offspring This provides new phenotypes for natural selection to act upon
27 Mendel studied discontinuous (discrete) traits Darwin observed continuous variation Before Selectio h Beak Depth
28 MOST traits vary along a continuum Continuous Traits Height Weight Skin color Discontinuous Traits Finger number Litter size Rolling tongue
29 Simple Mendelian inheritance is rare (discontinuous traits) Lots of traits are linked and so get inherited as a package deal Linked (same chromosome) Lots of alleles for a gene aren t clearly dominant/recessive Codominance: Sickle-cell anemia Complex dominance: ABO blood type Lots of single genes controls multiple traits Pleiotropy Lots of genes work together to affect the same trait = Polygenic inheritance
30 Linked traits are inherited together
31 Codominance: Two alleles, three phenotypes Sickle-cell anemia Normal hemoglobin (A) allele Sickling hemoglobin (S) allele Three genotypes and three phenotypes: AA = normal blood cells SS = sickled blood cells AS = slightly impaired blood cells, greater defense against malaria
32 Complex Dominance: ABO Blood Type Three alleles: A, B & O Genotype Phenotype Compatibility O recessive to A & B A & B co-dominant AA AO Type A Rec.: A or O Don.: A or AB AB Type AB Universal recipient BB BO Type B Rec.: B or O Don.: B or AB OO Type O Universal donor
33 Pleiotropy: One gene controls two traits In Darwin s finches, beak traits are correlated Depth & width vary together Deeper & wider Shallow & narrow Correlations arise when one gene affects multiple traits
34 Polygenic Traits: Many genes, continuous variation Many genes affect each trait Each one has small effect Generates a continuous range of variation in the trait Height So far approx 10 genes Affect about 30% of variation in height
35 All this variation! Where does it come from? Mutation Meiosis Recombination of alleles into unique gametes increases genetic variation at a faster rate than mutation Sexual Reproduction Recombination of alleles from unique gametes into unique offspring New phenotypes for NS to act upon Complex genetic inheritance Polygenic traits Environment interacts with genotype
36 Polygenic Traits + Environment: Beak Depth Multiple genes interact to determine the actual beak phenotype Environmental effects blur across genetic differences producing a range of phenotypes
37 Polygenic Traits shaped by many genes + environment Phenotypes are almost ALWAYS the product of genes & environment interacting Adjusted Mean Intelligence Test Scores Across 5 Categories of Breastfeeding Duration IQ Score <=1 2 to 3 4 to 6 7 to 9 > 9 Duration of Breastfeeding WAIS Verbal IQ BPP Test 99
38 Variation is maintained in the DNA Intermediate types common, but genetic variation is maintained MOST individuals have some + and some alleles for height Recessive alleles hidden by dominant alleles Still passed into gametes & remain in population Much of the variation is hidden from selection If a trait is affected by genes at many loci Many different genotypes may have similar selective fate Some variation is protected Neutral mutations can be hidden Variation is essential for Natural Selection without differences in traits, nothing to select & survival is random
39 What is the nature of variation? Variation is (usually) continuous Continuous traits are generated via many genes and environmental effects to produce the phenotype + Variation is generated and extended by: + Mutation Meiosis Sexual reproduction Hidden alleles Polygenic inheritance + environment
Anthro 101: Human Biological Evolution. Lecture 3: Genetics & Inheritance. Prof. Kenneth Feldmeier feldmekj.weebly.
Anthro 101: Human Biological Evolution Lecture 3: Genetics & Inheritance Prof. Kenneth Feldmeier feldmekj@lavc.edu feldmekj.weebly.com What is Genetics??? Spend a few minutes discussing Genetics.. Genetics
More informationAnthro 101: Human Biological Evolution. Lecture 3: Genetics & Inheritance. Prof. Kenneth Feldmeier feldmekj.weebly.
Anthro 101: Human Biological Evolution Lecture 3: Genetics & Inheritance Prof. Kenneth Feldmeier feldmekj@lavc.edu feldmekj.weebly.com What is Genetics??? Genetics is the scientific study of heredity.
More informationQuiz will begin at 10:00 am. Please Sign In
Quiz will begin at 10:00 am Please Sign In You have 15 minutes to complete the quiz Put all your belongings away, including phones Put your name and date on the top of the page Circle your answer clearly
More informationObserving Patterns In Inherited Traits
Observing Patterns In Inherited Traits Ø Where Modern Genetics Started/ Gregor Mendel Ø Law of Segregation Ø Law of Independent Assortment Ø Non-Mendelian Inheritance Ø Complex Variations in Traits Genetics:
More informationExploring Mendelian Genetics 11-3
Exploring Mendelian Genetics 11- GENES are more complicated than Mendel thought Some traits have MORE than 2 allele choices = MULTIPLE ALLELE TRAIT http://www.eslkidstuff.com/images/tallshort.gif EX: blood
More informationB.6.F predict possible outcomes of various genetic combinations such as monohybrid crosses, dihybrid crosses and non Mendelian inheritance
B.6.F predict possible outcomes of various genetic combinations such as monohybrid crosses, dihybrid crosses and non Mendelian inheritance Gregor Mendel Austrian monk * Studied science and mathematics
More informationBiology. Chapter 13. Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits. Concepts and Applications 9e Starr Evers Starr. Cengage Learning 2015
Biology Concepts and Applications 9e Starr Evers Starr Chapter 13 Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits 13.1 How Do Alleles Contribute to Traits? Blending inheritance 19th century idea Failed to explain
More informationCh. 14 Mendel and the Gene Idea
Ch. 14 Mendel and the Gene Idea 2006-2007 Gregor Mendel Modern genetics began in the mid-1800s in an abbey garden, where a monk named Gregor Mendel documented inheritance in peas used experimental method
More informationGENETICS. Genetics developed from curiosity about inheritance.
GENETICS Genetics developed from curiosity about inheritance. SMP - 2013 1 Genetics The study of heredity (how traits are passed from one generation to the next (inherited) An inherited trait of an individual
More informationMendel & Inheritance. SC.912.L.16.1 Use Mendel s laws of segregation and independent assortment to analyze patterns of inheritance.
Mendel & Inheritance SC.912.L.16.1 Use Mendel s laws of segregation and independent assortment Mendel s Law of Segregation: gene pairs separate when gametes (sex cells) are formed; each gamete as only
More informationChapter 14: Mendel and the Gene Idea
Chapter 4: Mendel and the Gene Idea. The Experiments of Gregor Mendel 2. Beyond Mendelian Genetics 3. Human Genetics . The Experiments of Gregor Mendel Chapter Reading pp. 268-276 TECHNIQUE Parental generation
More informationGenetics is the study of inheritance The field of genetics began with the work of Gregor Mendel He had no knowledge of chromosomes, meiosis, or DNA
Inheritance 1 Mendel and the Black Box 2 The Experimental Subjects: Pisum sativum 3 Starting the Experiments: Purple and White Flowers 4 Mendel s Generations Illustrated 5 Crosses Involving Two Characters
More informationGenetics and Heredity Power Point Questions
Name period date assigned date due date returned Genetics and Heredity Power Point Questions 1. Heredity is the process in which pass from parent to offspring. 2. is the study of heredity. 3. A trait is
More informationInheritance (IGCSE Biology Syllabus )
Inheritance (IGCSE Biology Syllabus 2016-2018) Key definitions Chromosome Allele Gene Haploid nucleus Diploid nucleus Genotype Phenotype Homozygous Heterozygous Dominant Recessive A thread of DNA, made
More informationGenetics T H E S T U D Y O F H E R E D I T Y
Genetics T H E S T U D Y O F H E R E D I T Y Basic Vocabulary Genetics: The science of heredity Heredity The passing of physical characteristics (traits) from parents to offspring How does an organism
More informationGenetics: Mendelian Genetics (1) Patterns of Inheritance
Genetics: Mendelian Genetics (1) Patterns of Inheritance Outline 1. Key concepts 2. A few terms 3. Mendel s Experimental Approach 4. Monohybrid 5. Dihybrid 6. Extending Medelian Genetics 7. Mendilian Inheritance
More informationPhysical Anthropology 1 Milner-Rose
Physical Anthropology 1 Milner-Rose Chapter 3 Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation Our Origins By Clark Spencer Larsen Natural Selection operates on the levels of the 1. living, behaving
More informationBIOLOGY - CLUTCH CH.14 - MENDELIAN GENETICS.
!! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: MENDEL S EXPERIMENT Gregor Mendel designed an experiment to study inheritance in pea plants. Character a feature that can be inherited, and shows variation between individuals
More informationWhat is Genetics? Genetics The study of how heredity information is passed from parents to offspring. The Modern Theory of Evolution =
What is Genetics? Genetics The study of how heredity information is passed from parents to offspring The Modern Theory of Evolution = Genetics + Darwin s Theory of Natural Selection Gregor Mendel Father
More informationMendelian genetics recap
Mendelian genetics recap Principle of segregation: traits are controlled by discrete units which come in pairs and separate into sex cells. Principle of independent assortment: traits are inherited separately
More informationExploring Mendelian Genetics. Dihybrid crosses. Dihybrid crosses
Objective 8: Predict the results of dihybrid genetic crosses by using Punnett squares Exploring Mendelian Genetics 11.3 Dihybrid cross--a cross that involves two pairs of contrasting traits. A cross between
More informationMendel and The Gene Idea
Mendel and The Gene Idea Gregor Mendel was a monk who experimented with pea plants and was also a scientist He is known as the Father of Genetics. Mendel s two fundamental principles of heredity are now
More informationObserving Patterns in Inherited Traits. Chapter 11
Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits Chapter 11 Impacts, Issues: The Color of Skin Like most human traits, skin color has a genetic basis; more than 100 gene products affect the synthesis and deposition
More informationMENDELIAN GENETICS This presentation contains copyrighted material under the educational fair use exemption to the U.S. copyright law.
MENDELIAN GENETICS This presentation contains copyrighted material under the educational fair use exemption to the U.S. copyright law. Gregor Mendel! 19 th century Austrian monk! Interested in heredity!
More informationNon Mendelian Genetics
Non Mendelian Genetics TEKS 6 Science concepts. The student knows the mechanisms of genetics, including the role of nucleic acids and the principles of Mendelian Genetics. The student is expected to: 6F
More informationObserving Patterns in Inherited Traits. Chapter 11 Updated Reading Not
Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits Chapter 11 Updated Reading 11.1-11.3 Not 11.5-11.7 What you absolutely need to know Punnett Square with monohybrid and dihybrid cross Heterozygous, homozygous, alleles,
More informationScrambling information
Scrambling information Introduction to Genetics GENETICS branch of biology that deals with heredity and variation of organisms. Chromosomes carry the hereditary information (genes) Arrangement of nucleotides
More informationChapter 11 Reading Guide: Mendel and the Gene Idea
Chapter 11 Reading Guide: Mendel and the Gene Idea Since you have completed a first-year high school biology course, some of this chapter will serve as a review for the basic concepts of Mendelian genetics.
More information. Definition The passing down of characteristics from generation to generation resulting in continuity and variation within a species
Section 3: The Basics of genetics. Definition The passing down of characteristics from generation to generation resulting in continuity and variation within a species Important Terms. Genes A specific
More informationGenetics. Chapter 10/12-ish
Genetics Chapter 10/12-ish Learning Goals For Biweekly Quiz #7 You will be able to explain how offspring receive genes from their parents You will be able to calculate probabilities of simple Mendelian
More informationGenetics & Human Inheritance
Genetics & Human Inheritance BIO 105 Chapter 20 Vocabulary Alleles alternate forms of a gene Trait some characteristic Homozygous individuals that contain two copies of the same allele Heterozygous individuals
More informationWould expect variation to disappear Variation in traits persists (Example: freckles show up in unfreckled parents offspring!)
Genetics Early Ideas about Heredity People knew that sperm and eggs transmitted information about traits Blending theory mother and father s traits blended together Problem: Would expect variation to disappear
More informationThis is DUE: Tuesday, March 1, 2011 Come prepared to share your findings with your group.
Biology 160 NAME: Reading Guide 12: Population Dynamics, Humans, Part II This is DUE: Tuesday, March 1, 2011 Come prepared to share your findings with your group. *As before, please turn in only the Critical
More informationPatterns of Inheritance
Patterns of Inheritance Learning Outcomes Explain the Laws of Segregation and of Independent Assortment and what features of meiosis they correspond to. Explain the terms gene, allele, dominant, recessive,
More informationGenetics & The Work of Mendel
Genetics & The Work of Mendel 2011-2012 Gregor Mendel Modern genetics began in the mid-1800s in an abbey garden, where a monk named Gregor Mendel documented inheritance in peas used experimental method
More informationCrossing and Probabilities
Let us review Crossing and Probabilities RR= homozygous dominant for Rr = homozygous recessive for white. P gen: RR x rr F1 gen: Rr F2 gen: Purple: 1RR, 2 Rr = total 3 Purple White : 1 rr = 1 total white
More information3. A form of a gene that is only expressed in the absence of a dominant alternative is:
Student Name: Teacher: Date: District: Robeson Assessment: 9_12 Agriculture AU71 - Biotech and Agrisci Rsch I Test 3 Description: Obj 12 - Simple Mendelian Genetics Form: 501 1. The genotype of an organism
More informationMendel and the Gene Idea
LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson Chapter 14 Mendel and the Gene Idea Lectures
More informationComplex inheritance of traits does not follow inheritance patterns described by Mendel.
Section 2: Complex inheritance of traits does not follow inheritance patterns described by Mendel. K What I Know W What I Want to Find Out L What I Learned Essential Questions What are the differences
More informationCHAPTER 5 Principle of Genetics Review
CHAPTER 5 Principle of Genetics Review I. Mendel s Investigations Gregor Johann Mendel Hybridized peas 1856-1864 Formulated Principles of Heredity published in 1866 II. Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance
More informationGregor Mendel. Austrian Monk Worked with pea plants
Gregor Mendel Austrian Monk Worked with pea plants A. True Breeding Pea Plants Self pollinate and produce new plants genetically identical to themselves Mendel decides to cross pollinate the plants Offspring
More informationCHAPTER 10: Patterns of Inheritance
CHAPTER 10: Patterns of Inheritance BIO 121 Genetics Explains and Predicts Inheritance Patterns Genetics can explain how these poodles look different. Section 10.1 Puppies Punchstock/Banana Stock RF Genetics
More informationPart I: Predicting Genetic Outcomes
Part I: Predicting Genetic Outcomes Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is found in every cell of living organisms, and all of the cells in each organism contain the exact same copy of that organism s DNA. Because
More informationIntroduction to Biological Anthropology: Notes 9 Population genetics and the modern synthesis of evolutionary theory Copyright Bruce Owen 2010 We
Introduction to Biological Anthropology: Notes 9 Population genetics and the modern synthesis of evolutionary theory Copyright Bruce Owen 2010 We have seen that: Mendel s model explains some variations
More informationGenetics and Human Inheritance
BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues Fifth Edition Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire 20 Genetics and Human Inheritance Lecture Presentation Anne Gasc Hawaii Pacific University and University
More information11 3 Exploring Mendelian
11 3 Exploring Mendelian 11-3 Exploring Mendelian Genetics Genetics 2 of 31 What is the principle of independent assortment? 3 of 31 The principle of independent assortment states that genes for different
More informationGen e e n t e i t c c V a V ri r abi b li l ty Biolo l gy g Lec e tur u e e 9 : 9 Gen e et e ic I n I her e itan a ce
Genetic Variability Biology 102 Lecture 9: Genetic Inheritance Asexual reproduction = daughter cells genetically identical to parent (clones) Sexual reproduction = offspring are genetic hybrids Tendency
More informationGENES IN POPULATIONS
ANTHR1L Biological Anthropology Lab NAME: (Portions of this lab have been adapted from Walker, S., Exploring Physical Anthropology: A Lab Manual & Workbook. Westview Press, 2007. INTRODUCTION Evolution,
More informationRead each question, and write your answer in the space provided. 2. How did Mendel s scientific work differ from the work of T. A. Knight?
Name Date Class CHAPTER 8 DIRECTED READING Mendel and Heredity Section 8-1: The Origins of Genetics Mendel and Others Studied Garden-Pea Traits 1. What did T. A. Knight discover? 2. How did Mendel s scientific
More informationSome Vocab. Genotype allele combination. Phenotype physical appearance
Genetics Some Vocab. Genotype allele combination Capital letter = dominant allele Lowercase letter = recessive allele Ex AA, Aa, aa Phenotype physical appearance Ex green, yellow Some Vocab. Homozygous
More informationMendelian & Non Mendelian Genetics. Copy Dr. M. A. Fouad
Mendelian & Non Mendelian Genetics Copy right @ Dr. M. A. Fouad Mendelian Genetics Mendel s Law of Austrian monk born in 1822 in monastery known for research and teaching after his death (1884) acknowledgment
More informationContent Objectives Write these down!
Content Objectives Write these down! I will be able to identify: Key terms associated with Mendelian Genetics The patterns of heredity explained by Mendel The law of segregation The relationship between
More information1/10. Lecture 6 Ch 3 & 4 Lecture Notes Heredity and Evolution
1/10 Lecture 6 Ch 3 & 4 Lecture Notes Heredity and Evolution Chromosomes = packages of coiled DNA in the cell nucleus In humans, DNA is placed on to 46 chromosomes > 23 pairs. 22 = autosomes and the 23
More informationUnit 10: Genetics. Chapter 9: Read P
Unit 10: Genetics Chapter 9: Read P. 145-167 10.0 Genetics The Definition of Genetics The study of heredity and how traits are passed on through generations. Gregor Mendel: The Father of Genetics Gregor
More informationChapter 14: Mendel and the Gene Idea
Name Period Chapter 14: Mendel and the Gene Idea If you have completed a first-year high school biology course, some of this chapter will serve as a review for the basic concepts of Mendelian genetics.
More informationLECTURE 1 : GENETICS
LECTURE 1 : GENETICS Introduction to Genetics and heredity Gregor Mendel Genetic terminology (glossary) Monohybrid crosses Patterns of inheritance Dihybrid crosses Test cross Introduction to Genetics GENETICS
More informationGregor Mendel solved the puzzle of heredity
11.1 Mendel and the Garden Pea Heredity: the tendency for traits to be passed from parent to offspring heritable features: characters traits are alternative forms of a character Genes Alleles loci Gregor
More information(A) Type AB only. (B) Type A or Type B only. (C) Type A, AB, and B only. (D) All four types are possible: type A, AB, B or O.
Genetics - Problem Drill 02:Mendelian Genetics and its Extensions No. 1 of 10 1. In the case of a couple, where the husband has type A blood and the wife has type B, the blood types of their children should
More informationMendel and the Gene Idea
Chapter 4 Mendel and the Gene Idea PowerPoint Lecture Presentations for Biology Eighth Edition Neil Campbell and Jane Reece Lectures by Chris Romero, updated by Erin Barley with contributions from Joan
More informationGenetics Test. Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Genetics Test Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 41. Situations in which one allele for a gene is not completely dominant over another allele
More informationThe Evolution of Populations
LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson Chapter 23 The Evolution of Populations
More informationGENETICS UNIT GUIDE DUE TUESDAY 2/9 MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY 1/25 1/27. Monohybrid Cross. HW CHECK: Part A Q 1-2 2/3
GENETICS UNIT GUIDE DUE TUESDAY 2/9 MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY 1/25 1/26 1/27 1/28 1/29 Cell Cycle & Meiosis Test Corrections Mendelian s & Monohybrid Cross Intro Monohybrid Cross Part A
More informationGenetics and Evolution. Mary Susan Mardon
Genetics and Evolution Mary Susan Mardon Nucleotides Building blocks of DNA and RNA. Each nucleotide contains: phosphate group. deoxyribose (DNA), ribose (RNA) nitrogen base. * adenine * cytosine * thymine
More informationGENETICS UNIT GUIDE DUE TUESDAY 2/9 MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY 1/25 1/27. Monohybrid Cross Practice Problems HW CHECK: 2/3
GENETICS UNIT GUIDE DUE TUESDAY 2/9 MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY 1/25 Cell Cycle & Meiosis Post Test Review Intro to Genetics 2/1 Non Mendelian Genetics: Codominance Problems 1/26 Mendelian
More informationChapter 23: The Evolution of Populations. 1. Populations & Gene Pools. Populations & Gene Pools 12/2/ Populations and Gene Pools
Chapter 23: The Evolution of Populations 1. Populations and Gene Pools 2. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium 3. A Closer Look at Natural Selection 1. Populations & Gene Pools Chapter Reading pp. 481-484, 488-491
More information5. Alternate versions of the same gene, like purple and white flower color, are termed.
Name Period If you have completed a first- year high school biology course, some of this chapter will serve as a review for the basic concepts of Mendelian genetics. For other students, this may be your
More informationPUBH 8445: Lecture 1. Saonli Basu, Ph.D. Division of Biostatistics School of Public Health University of Minnesota
PUBH 8445: Lecture 1 Saonli Basu, Ph.D. Division of Biostatistics School of Public Health University of Minnesota saonli@umn.edu Statistical Genetics It can broadly be classified into three sub categories:
More informationBiology Genetics Practice Quiz
Biology Genetics Practice Quiz Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The table above shows information related to blood types. What genotype(s)
More information1/21/ Exploring Mendelian Genetics. What is the principle of independent assortment? Independent Assortment. Biology.
Biology 1 of 31 11-3 Exploring Mendelian Exploring Genetics Mendelian Genetics 2 of 31 What is the principle of independent assortment? 3 of 31 1 The principle of independent assortment states that genes
More informationEarly Ideas of Heredity. Early Ideas of Heredity. Early Ideas of Heredity. Early Ideas of Heredity. Patterns of Inheritance.
Patterns of Inheritance Chapter 12 Before the 20 th century, 2 concepts were the basis for ideas about heredity: -heredity occurs within species -traits are transmitted directly from parent to offspring
More informationCell Division and Inheritance Revision 6
Cell Division and Inheritance Revision 6 52 minutes 52 marks Page of 8 Q. In humans, one of the pairs of chromosomes in each cell carries the genes which determine sex. What is the difference between the
More informationQ.2: Write whether the statement is true or false. Correct the statement if it is false.
Solved Exercise Biology (II) Q.1: Fill In the blanks. i. is the basic unit of biological information. ii. A sudden change in the structure of a gene is called. iii. is the chance of an event to occur.
More informationChapter 14: Mendel and the Gene Idea
Chapter 14: Mendel and the Gene Idea Name Period If you have completed a first-year high school biology course, some of this chapter will serve as a review for the basic concepts of Mendelian genetics.
More informationIN: Make a quick diagram of.. What GENETICS means to me. No words. Color.
IN: Make a quick diagram of.. What GENETICS means to me. No words. Color. Variation and Distribution of Genetic Traits I. Mendel and Inheritance Patterns A. GREGOR MENDEL (1822-1884) - Father of Genetics
More information#3: Random Fertilization. If DNA replication and cell division are both so precise, and so accurate, why are we all so unique??
Today: Microbial Genetics Wrap-up Mendelian Genetics Adding Chromosomes to the Mix?? Tomorrow: UW Fieldtrip! Back to Eukaryotes: Bringing in Mendel If DNA replication and cell division are both so precise,
More informationMendelian Genetics 1
Mendelian Genetics Genetics Mendel and the Gene Idea Genetics: The study of heredity. 2 Heredity Two possible explanations for heredity: The Blending Hypothesis Genetic material from the parents mix. Similar
More informationGenes and Variation. Section 16-1 pgs
Genes and Variation Section 16-1 pgs 393-396 Genes and Variation As Darwin developed his theory of evolution, he worked under a serious handicap. He didn t know how heredity worked! Although Mendel s work
More informationChapter 14. Mendel and the Gene Idea
Chapter 14 Mendel and the Gene Idea Overview: Drawing from the Deck of Genes What genetic principles account for the passing of traits from parents to offspring? The blending hypothesis is the idea that
More informationGenetics & The Work of Mendel
Genetics & The Work of Mendel He studied at the University of Vienna from 1851 to 1853 where he was influenced by a physicist who encouraged experimentation and the application of mathematics to science
More informationGENETICS AND MENDEL 2/4/2018. Mendel s Experiment. Genetic Terms. Genetic Terms. Mendel: Experiment 1 HISTORY OF DISCOVERERY OF HEREDITY
HISTORY OF DISCOVERERY OF HEREDITY 1851: Gregor Mendel, father of heredity studied pea plants GENETICS AND MENDEL prevented self pollination used cross pollination brought experimental and quantitative
More informationEdexcel (B) Biology A-level
Edexcel (B) Biology A-level Topic 8: Origins of Genetic Variation Notes Meiosis is reduction division. The main role of meiosis is production of haploid gametes as cells produced by meiosis have half the
More informationHardy Weinberg Equilibrium
Gregor Mendel Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium Lectures 4-11: Mechanisms of Evolution (Microevolution) Hardy Weinberg Principle (Mendelian Inheritance) Genetic Drift Mutation Sex: Recombination and Random Mating
More informationExploring Mendelian Genetics
Exploring Mendelian Genetics GENES are more complicated than Mendel thought ENVIRONMENT influences the. expression of genes = Nature vs Nurture Genes provide the plan for development, but how plan unfolds
More informationGenetics. What DNA is telling us!
Genetics What DNA is telling us! Learning Goals The student will investigate and understand common mechanisms of inheritance and protein synthesis. Key concepts include: 1. prediction of inheritance of
More informationClassical (Mendelian) Genetics. Gregor Mendel
Classical (Mendelian) Genetics Gregor Mendel Vocabulary Genetics: The scientific study of heredity Allele: Alternate forms of a gene/factor. Genotype: combination of alleles an organism has. Phenotype:
More informationGenetics. Ms. Gunjan M. Chaudhari
Genetics Ms. Gunjan M. Chaudhari UNIT 1 Introduction to genetics Genetics:: The scientific study of heredity Heredity : The passing on of characteristics (traits) from parents to offspring Importance of
More informationName: Review HW 20 Mendelian Genetics and Humn Inheritance
Name: Review HW 20 Bio AP Mendelian Genetics and Humn Inheritance 1. Four genes on a chromosome C are mapped and their crossover frequencies were determined. Genes Crossover Frequency K and J 10 J and
More informationChapter 4. Modification of Mendelian Ratios
Chapter 4. Modification of Mendelian Ratios Inheritance Patterns are Often More Complex than Predicted by Simple Mendelian Genetics The relationship between genotype and phenotype is rarely as simple as
More informationof heritable factor ). 1. The alternative versions of genes are called alleles. Chapter 9 Patterns of Inheritance
Chapter 9 Biology and Society: Our Longest-Running Genetic Experiment: Dogs Patterns of Inheritance People have selected and mated dogs with preferred traits for more than 15,000 years. Over thousands
More informationChp 10 Patterns of Inheritance
Chp 10 Patterns of Inheritance Dogs, one of human s longest genetic experiments Over 1,000 s of years, humans have chosen and mated dogs with specific traits. A process called -artificial selection The
More informationReproduction, Heredity, & Molecular Genetics. A. lipids B. amino acids C. nucleotides D. polysaccarides
Name: Date: 1. A strand of DNA consists of thousands of smaller, repeating units known as A. lipids B. amino acids C. nucleotides D. polysaccarides 2. Which two bases are present in equal amounts in a
More information! Allele Interactions
Chapter 4!Extensions to Mendelian Genetics! Allele Interactions 1 INTRODUCTION Mendelian inheritance describes inheritance patterns that obey two laws Law of segregation Law of independent assortment Simple
More informationGenetics & The Work of Mendel
Genetics & The Work of Mendel TEKS 6 Science concepts. The student knows the mechanisms of genetics, including the role of nucleic acids and the principles of Mendelian Genetics. The student is expected
More informationInheritance Biology. Unit Map. Unit
Unit 8 Unit Map 8.A Mendelian principles 482 8.B Concept of gene 483 8.C Extension of Mendelian principles 485 8.D Gene mapping methods 495 8.E Extra chromosomal inheritance 501 8.F Microbial genetics
More informationHeredity and Genotyping Notes:
Vocabulary: Heredity and Genotyping Notes: 02 January 2019 Heredity: the passing of physical characters from parents to offspring Gene: a word used to describe factors that control a trait Alleles: the
More informationGENETICS AND MENDEL 2/20/2013. Mendel s Experiment. Genetic Terms. How is each group the same? How is each group different?
GENETICS AND MENDEL How is each group the same? How is each group different? Heredity transmission of traits from parents to offspring Genetics study of heredity HISTORY OF DISCOVERERY OF HEREDITY Up to
More informationChapter 9. Objectives. Table of Contents. Gregor Mendel. Gregor Mendel, continued. Section 1 Mendel s Legacy. Section 2 Genetic Crosses
Fundamentals of Genetics Table of Contents Objectives Describe how Mendel was able to control how his pea plants were pollinated. Describe the steps in Mendel s experiments on true-breeding garden peas.
More informationChapter 02 Mendel s Principles of Heredity
Chapter 02 Mendel s Principles of Heredity Multiple Choice Questions 1. What was the importance of Mendel performing reciprocal crosses? To be able to breed plants all year round To obtain enough plants
More informationPopulation and Community Dynamics. The Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Population and Community Dynamics The Hardy-Weinberg Principle Key Terms Population: same species, same place, same time Gene: unit of heredity. Controls the expression of a trait. Can be passed to offspring.
More informationEOC Review Reporting Category 2 Mechanisms of Genetics
EOC Review Reporting Category 2 Mechanisms of Genetics The student will demonstrate an understanding of the mechanisms of genetics. Langham Creek High School 2012-2013 By PresenterMedia.com TEK 6A Identify
More information