Georgia Tech s Nanocellulose Resources and Capabilities

Transcription

1 Georgia Tech s Nanocellulose Resources and Capabilities Norman Marsolan Director, Institute of Paper Science & Tech (IPST) Prof. of the Practice, School of Chemical & Molecular Engineering Robert J Moon Materials Research Engineer, Forest Products Lab Affiliate Adjunct Prof., School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University IPST 2014 Spring Conference IPST, March, 2014

2 Renewable Materials - Possible Impact Reduce environmental footprint by switching to bioplastics!! Cost is King $? Carbon? LSA? Production Needs Material Specifications Reliability/Durability Fit within existing process Drivers: Industry: Big small, new old Consumers Government Paradigm Shift: New Materials New Products New Industries 2

3 Renewable Materials from Biomass Chemicals Engineered Polymers Biomass Fuels Materials: Nanoparticles: 3

4 Traditional Products from Trees Lumber Biomass Pulp & Paper Cellulose Derivatives 4

5 Biomass Cellulose Nanomaterials (CN) Materials: Flake Nanoparticles: Fiber Engineer Integration into New Products Composites Reinforcement Fibers, Gels & foams Substrates/films Barrier/Filtration Rheology Modifier Hydration Modifier 5

6 Wood- Cellulose Nanomaterials (CNs) Moon et al., Chem Soc Rev

7 Many Flavors of CNs Acid Hydrolysis (CNC) Cellulose Nanocrystals >99% cellulose % Crystal Mechanical Chem/Mech (CNF) Cellulose Nanofibrils Rod Types: (CMF) Cellulose Microfibrils Crystallinity Stiffness Tensile strength Length Branching Dufresne et al., J. App. Poly. Sci., 1997 Fibrillar Types: 7

8 Many Sprinkles for Surface Modification Induce New Functionality Readily Reactive Surface: -OH Alter CN-CN, & CN-Matrix e -, antimicrobial, Alter self assembly Polyelectrolyte multilayers Amphiphilic copolymers Surfactants Covalent Bonding Proteins Polymer grafting NPs, ALD, QDs silver 100 nm TEMPO regioselective oxidation sulfonation halogenated acetic acids carboxylic acid halides acid anhydrides epoxides isocyanates chlorosilanes 8

9 Why Nano New Properties? Lower Defects High Surface Area Optical Properties Self Assembly Uniform % Crystallinity stress concentration reaction sites to mass ratio Particle-Particle bond area/vol. Particle-Matrix bond area/vol. branching to mass ratio light scattering Particle-Particle interaction Liquid Crystalline Network formation Higher Mechanical Properties Stronger Network Transparency Iridescence Birefringence Alignment Network 9

10 CN Characteristics Green /Sustainable Mechanical Props: Thermal Expansion: EHS: Transparent: Thermal Stability: Biodegradable Water: 300C Max Surface Chemistry: 10

11 CN Resources and Capabilities R&D Theme Areas Nanocomposites Electronics to Cellulose Barrier Films Collaborations New Manufacture Manufacturing Institute EI 2 : Prototyping Health & Human Systems Energy/Environment Manufacturing Tech GT Research Institute New Materials Sustainability Energy Health Institute for Materials CN Potential IPST Organic Photonics & Electronics (COPE) Drug Delivery (CD4) Specialty Separators (SSC) Strategic Energy (SEI) Fuel cell & Battery Enterprise Innovation Sustainable Systems Brook Byers Institute In Neighborhood: Complex Carb Research Center (CCRC) 11

12 R&D Theme Areas Composites Surface functionalization Cross-Linking CNs Foams, Hydrogels, Fibers 27 peer review pubs Electronic Devices: Organic Solar, LED Supercapacitors Ionic Diodes 4 peer review pubs Barrier Films: Moisture & Water Oxygen 3 peer review pubs 12

13 Recyclable Materials - Possible Impact (COPE) Organic Solar Cells: Low cost fabrication Light weight Mechanical Flexibility Paper Substrates: Low cost, weight & flexible Low power conversion efficiencies (PCE) Rough surface Goal: Reduce Environmental Footprint!! Zhou, Y.H. et al.,. Sci. Rep. 3, 1536; DOI: /srep01536 (2013). 13

14 Recyclable Materials - Possible Impact Bernard Kippelen Professor; Director, Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics; Joseph M. Pettit Professor Microelectronics/Microsystems, and Optics and Photonics Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Reduce Environmental Footprint!! Solar Device Recyclable Electronics 14

15 Self-Powered - Possible Impact Zhong Lin Wang Hightower Chair in MSE, Regents' Professor Adjunct Professor Chemistry and Biochemistry Adjunct Professor ECE Supercapasitors: Store energy from solar Store energy for LED Store energy for sensor Reduce Environmental Footprint!! 15

16 Rheology Mechanical Opportunities in Composite Design Hybrid Composites Network Former Okahisa et al.,

17 Network Density control network structure Functionalization control surface characteristics nanoparticles, molecules Tailored Properties Density Surface Functionalization CN-CN interaction CN-Matrix Network Former 17

18 Membranes-Filtration Particulate, molecules Alter Fiber Properties Membranes-Batteries Anions & Cations Membranes-Medical Filter Particles, Bacteria, Fungi, Drug Pump Tailored Barrier Capabilities Within Fiber CN Surface Functionalization Fiber Surface Functionalization Fiber network Barrier/Filtration Ma et al. BioMacromolecules, 2011, 12,

19 Possibilities Reality availability & variability Base material limited analytical methods Characterization Tools Understanding & Synthesis Self-assembly Functionalization Modeling Manufacturing & Processing Large-scale and high throughput 19

20 Thank you for your Attention Ramie 20