Contents. Practice Test Practice Test Duplicating any part of this book is prohibited by law Triumph Learning, LLC

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2 ontents Practice Test uplicating any part of this book is prohibited by law Triumph Learning, LL 3

3 oach Jumpstart, North arolina REY EO Edition, iology Name:

4 I O L O Y Sample Questions S1 What will most likely be the result if all of the chloroplasts are removed from a plant cell? It will be unable to carry out photosynthesis. It will break down the glucose in the cell. It will lose carbon dioxide through diffusion. It will be unable to carry out cellular respiration. S2 The inheritance of color-blindness is an X-linked, recessive trait. If a woman who carries the trait and a man without the trait have children, what would be the most likely result? ll of their sons would be colorblind, and half of their daughters would be carriers. Half of their sons would be colorblind, and half of their daughters would be carriers. Half of their sons would be colorblind, and all of their daughters would be carriers. None of their sons would be colorblind, and all of their daughters would be carriers. 6 uplicating any part of this book is prohibited by law Triumph Learning, LL

5 I O L O Y 1 This chart shows which amino acids are coded for by different combinations of mrn nucleotides. First ase The enetic ode Second ase Third ase phenylalanine phenylalanine tyrosine tyrosine (stop) (stop) cysteine cysteine (stop) tryptophan proline proline proline proline histidine histidine glutamine glutamine iso iso iso methionine threonine threonine threonine threonine asparagine asparagine lysine lysine valine valine valine valine alanine alanine alanine alanine aspartic acid aspartic acid glutamic acid glutamic acid glycine glycine glycine glycine Which amino acids are coded for by an mrn segment that reads? uplicating any part of this book is prohibited by law Triumph Learning, LL lysine and alanine valine and histidine valine and glycine glycine and 7 o to the next page.

6 I O L O Y 2 How does crossing-over during meiosis lead to genetic variation? It increases the number of gametes produced. It adds additional genes to the parent chromosome. It doubles the number of chromosomes in the gametes. It increases the number of possible genetic combinations in the offspring. 3 Which of the following is evidence that the environment influences the expression of genetic traits? child with two recessive genes for cystic fibrosis will have the disease. The son of hemophiliac parents will also have hemophilia. child needs only one gene for Huntington disease to develop the disease. healthful diet can help a person with a genetic predisposition for type 2 diabetes avoid the disease. 4 In which of these ways are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells similar? They both contain N. They both contain a nucleus. They are both highly complex. They are both enclosed by a cell wall. 8 o to the next page. uplicating any part of this book is prohibited by law Triumph Learning, LL

7 I O L O Y 5 The diagram shows an amoeba. X Nucleus moeba Which phrase best summarizes the function of structure X? storing food maintaining water balance moving and capturing food detecting light sources uplicating any part of this book is prohibited by law Triumph Learning, LL 6 single muscle cell is isolated and observed. Which organelle would you expect to be abundant in the cell? ribosomes mitochondria olgi bodies lysosomes 9 o to the next page.

8 I O L O Y 7 How do buffers help maintain homeostasis within a cell? by regulating ph levels by regulating water levels by regulating temperature by regulating glucose levels 8 Which effect is most likely after an area experiences a tsunami? The ratio of prey animals to predators in the area will increase. The population density of the area will increase. ompetition in the area will decrease. The carrying capacity of the area will decrease. 9 Which type of behavior is demonstrated when mature salmon travel long distances from the ocean to find the stream of their birth? estivation migration hibernation trial and error 10 o to the next page. uplicating any part of this book is prohibited by law Triumph Learning, LL

9 I O L O Y 10 One of the gases released by burning fossil fuels is carbon dioxide. urning fossil fuels also produces compounds of sulfur and nitrogen. Since the Industrial Revolution, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased significantly. In the future, if all new businesses used clean energy instead of fossil fuels, which of the following would be the most likely result? Polar ice caps would be replenished with fresh ice. verage temperatures around the world would decrease. The rate of global warming would decrease. The ph of lakes and rivers would go down. 11 Which best summarizes the purpose of mitosis in multicellular eukaryotes? enabling growth increasing variation producing gametes encouraging mutations uplicating any part of this book is prohibited by law Triumph Learning, LL 12 father with blood type and a mother with blood type O give birth to a son with blood type and a daughter with blood type. Which term best describes this scenario? codominance polygenic traits multiple alleles incomplete dominance 11 o to the next page.

10 I O L O Y 13 Which of these describes mutations that cause skin cancer and lung cancer? They are somatic mutations and are passed from parent to offspring. They are somatic mutations and are not passed from parent to offspring. They are germ mutations and are passed from parent to offspring. They are germ mutations and are not passed from parent to offspring. 14 ells use the sequence of nucleotides in the N molecule as a set of instructions for making proteins. What parts make up a single nucleotide? a phospholipid chain and a nitrogenous base a phosphate molecule and three glucose molecules a sugar molecule, an amino acid, and a variable group a nitrogenous base, a sugar molecule, and a phosphate molecule 15 Which three of the four main kinds of macromolecules are used by living things for energy? proteins, lipids, nucleic acids proteins, carbohydrates, lipids carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates 12 o to the next page. uplicating any part of this book is prohibited by law Triumph Learning, LL

11 I O L O Y 16 Which is an example of how cells use active transport to maintain homeostasis? Water diffuses across a selectively permeable membrane. Energy from TP is used to move sodium and potassium ions against a concentration gradient. Particles move passively across the cell membrane in response to a concentration gradient. Protein channels embedded in the cell membrane help specific molecules move across the cell membrane. 17 Which of the following groups of terms is associated with engineering transgenic organisms? meiosis, zygotes, fertilization crossing-over, genetic variation, haploid cells recombinant N, plasmids, restriction enzymes incomplete dominance, multiple alleles, mutations uplicating any part of this book is prohibited by law Triumph Learning, LL 18 Which of these is one way that growing and buying organic food affects our environment? ompetition between native species is reduced. The level of pollution in groundwater is reduced. The demand for fossil fuels is reduced. The risk of oil spills is reduced. 13 o to the next page.