Text Reference: Ch and 12-2

Transcription

1 Text Reference: Ch and 12-2 Name Date Block Part I: Short Answer/ Completion 1. What combination of sex chromosomes produces a female? 2. What combination of sex chromosomes produces a male? 3. Which cell (specific) determines the gender of a child? 4. What fact explains that a child has a 50% chance of being either male or female? Illustrate this concept with a Punnett Square: 5. What is a sex-linked trait? Give an example of one: 6. Why are females less likely to have an X-linked genetic disorder? 7. What common error in meiosis leads to the production of gametes with abnormal numbers of chromosomes? What are two supporting pathways this error can take on? 8. What type of chart could help a genetics counselor track the passage of a trait through the generations of a family? 9. Traits that are controlled by many genes are referred to as: Cite an example: 10. Explain why the two alleles I A and I B of the AB blood type are said to be codominant.

2 If someone with an AB bloodtype marries someone with bloodtype O, can they have children with bloodtype B? If no, explain why not If yes, support your answer with a punnett square and determine what % chance the each child will have of being bloodtype B: Part II: State the pattern of inheritance in each of the following disorders (dominant, recessive, codominant or X-linked) 11. Huntington s Disease (HD): 12. Cystic Fibrosis (CF): 13. Hemophilia: 14. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD): 15. Phenylketonuria (PKU): 15. Colorblindness: 16. Albinism: 17. Dwarfism/Achondroplasia: 18. Hereditary deafness: 19. Ichthyosis: 20. Sickle Cell Anemia: Part III: Some Multiple Choice 21. Which individual in the pedigree shown below is heterozygous? a. impossible to tell c. son d. daughter e. mother & son f. father & daughter

3 22. In the pedigree above, a disorder is illustrated: a. dominant allele b. recessive allele c. X linked d. multiple allele 23. Since ABO blood group alleles are codominant, an individual with genotype I A i will have blood type: a. A b. A and O c. Ii d. O 24. Which of the following describes a complex character that is not under polygenic control? a. skin color b. diabetes c. height d. ABO bloodtype 25. Breast cancer is: a. polygenic b. a complex character c. autosomal dominant d. both b & c e. both a & c 26. In humans, the genotype XO results from: a. trisomy b. nondisjunction c. inversion d. insertion 27. All of the following are widely accepted ways to treat the symptoms of genetic disorders except for? a. diet b. medicine c. fetal surgery d. germ cell gene therapy

4 28. One example of a sex-linked disorder is: a. sickle cell anemia b. hemophilia c. Down Syndrome d. Tay-Sachs disease 29. Interpret the X-linked pedigree below. Which family member(s) is/are both genotypically and phenotypically normal? I **Hint you may have to make corrections on generation II offspring!! a. mom II c. daughters d. son e. mom and son f. dad and daughters 30. After generation II corrections, Which family member(s) in the above pedigree genotypically express the affected allele, but are phenotypically normal? a. mom c. daughters d. son Part IV- Drawing Pedigrees 31. Complete the following pedigree: Jill has a rare genetic disorder, the I-love-making-pedigrees syndrome. It is a recessive allele disorder. Jill marries Steve, who is phenotypically normal. They produce 4 kids: 2 sons and 2 daughters. Both sons are affected, one daughter is affected and one daughter is a carrier. Draw it: In order for the children to display the above-mentioned phenotypes, Jill must have what genotype?

5 32. THINK!!!! If a structural gene contains 300 nitrogenous bases, how many amino acids will be used in the protein synthesis process? 33. THINK!!!! If a structural gene contains 300 nitrogenous bases, how many amino acids will be used in the protein synthesis process if a substitution occurs? 34. THINK!!!! If a structural gene contains 300 nitrogenous bases, how many amino acids will be used in the protein synthesis process if an insertion of one nitrogenous base occurs? 35. THINK!!!! If a structural gene contains 300 nitrogenous bases, how many amino acids will be used in the protein synthesis process if a deletion of one codon occurs? 36. THINK!!!! If a structural gene contains 300 nitrogenous bases, how many amino acids will be used in the protein synthesis process if an insertion of one codon occurs? 37. THINK!!!! If a structural gene contains 300 nitrogenous bases, how many amino acids will be used in the protein synthesis process if a deletion of one nitrogenous base occurs? 38. THINK!!!! If a structural gene contains 300 nitrogenous bases, how many mrna nitrogenous bases will be used in the protein synthesis process? 39. THINK!!!! If a structural gene contains 300 nitrogenous bases, how many trna nitrogenous bases will there be? 40. If a protein has 150 amino acids, how many DNA nucleotides would make up the structural gene? How did you do??