Biobased Economy in the Netherlands. Ir. Kees W. Kwant

Transcription

1 Biobased Economy in the Netherlands Ir. Kees W. Kwant

2 Contents Biobased Economy in Europe and the Netherlands Interventions from EU perspective Policies affecting biomass markets Present use of biomass in the Netherlands The Energy Agreement in the Netherlands Green Deals Biobased Research Agenda Biomass Vision 2030 Conclusions 2

3 Biomass Perspective

4 Biobased capacity per person in the world The challenge 4

5 How much biomass will become available? Based on (inter)national studies into global availability of biomass for energetic and material use of biomass (excl. food/feed) a range of PJ Conversion towards Dutch biomass budget High estimates only achievable with concerted policy efforts on international level

6 Circular & Biobased Economy 6

7 Policy Interventions on BioBased Economy European Perspective

8 Biobased Economy part of Bioeconomy A Biobased Economy is a sustainable Economy, optimising Economic value and Natural value of biomass Bioeconomy Biobased Economy B Bioenergy by Replacing Fossil Resources 8

9 The Bioeconomy Strategy and Action Plan, COM(2012)11 STRATEGY TACKLING SOCIETAL CHALLENGES Ensuring food security Managing natural resources sustainably Reducing dependence on nonrenewable resources Mitigating and adapting to climate change Creating jobs and maintaining European competitiveness DEVELOPING A BIOECONOMY Coherent policy Investment in knowledge, innovation and skills Participative governance and informed dialogue with society New infrastructures and instruments ACTION PLAN INVESTMENTS IN RESEARCH, INNOVATION AND SKILLS REINFORCED POLICY INTERACTION AND STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT ENHANCEMENT OF MARKETS AND COMPETITIVENESS IN BIOECONOMY SECTORS

10 Investment in Research and Development FP7: - Support of Platforms Horizon JTI Biobased industries - CoFund to stimulate cooperation among MS - Integrate national funding Regional Funds - Smart Specialisation Strategies - Rural Development -> Bioeconomy

11 Renewable Energy Directive Obligation on all Member States to achieve: > Directive (2009)28 - In 2020 > 20% Renewable Energy (Netherlands 14%) > 20% GHG reduction -> Market for biomass! New Target 2030: 40% GHG reduction & 28% RE - What is the role of biomass? - Materials or Energy? Synergy?

12 Common Agricultural Policy Stop of Production quota - Sugar - Milk Open Borders Opportunities for - increased production - competition

13 Biorefinery Splitting up biomass into several fractions; In EU: energy price often too low for good bio-energy business case; Bioenergy needs subsidy; Cascading of biomass - Co-production; - High value components not wasted; - More value created; - More profit; - Cheaper energy.

14 Sugar Beet for Biobased Economy

15 Biobased Procurement Sustainable Procurement Biobased <-> Biodegradable Biobased <-> Sustainable Complete Chain Evaluation

16 Biomass for Renewable Energy and Biobased Economy

17 1.RE targets: RED: 2020: 14% in NL

18 Results: About 70% realised with Bioenergy PJ

19 Biomass for Bioenergy use in Netherlands PJ biofuel cofiring biochp biogas EfWaste bioheat

20 Netherlands Energy Agreement, 2013 Agreement between parties: - NGO - Energy sector - Industry - Government To realise 2020 targets

21 Netherlands Energy Agreement in 10 points 1. Energy Savings: 1.5%/year 2. Upscaling Renewable Energy to 14% in 2020 (wind, bio) With a cap of 25 PJ on cofiring, BUT sustainable! 3. Decentral local renewable power/heat by communities 4. Smart Energy Transmission Network 5. ETS well functioning to stimulate CO2 reduction (- 80% in 2050) 6. Closing old coal fired power plants by Mobility and Transport (efficiency, electric,..) 8. Employment (create jobs by Energy Innovation for world first class cleantech solutions 10.Financing by banks 21

22 Indicative Contribution of R.E. options Source Wind on sea 3,1 27,0 60,0 Wind on land 20,6 54,0 63,0 Solar PV 0,9 11,6 12,4 Cofiring 6,1 25,0 25,0 Waste Incineration 13,3 11,7 12,0 Biomass CHP 3,5 13,6 18,0 Biomass Heat 19,0 31,6 34,1 Biofuels 18,0 35,6 34,6 Renewable Heat 6,1 36,3 46,3 TOTAL 105,5 261,6 335,4 Percentage R.E. 4,4% 14% 16% For Biomass: 2013: 59,9 2020: 117,5 2023: 123,7 Doubling the amount of biomass in 4 years 22

23 Monitoring the Biobased Economy

24 Overall Biomass Input 14,2 Mton DM (2014) Non Food/Feed use of biomass Mton Wood/Paper 5,7 5,3 4,9 4,7 4,6 Oils/Fats 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 Total Biomass for Material use 5,8 5,4 5,0 4,8 4,8 Biofuels use in NL 0,3 0,5 0,5 0,6 0,5 Biofuels export 0,3 1,2 2,2 2,8 3,3 Wood for power and heat 4,1 3,7 3,6 3,4 3,3 Other biomass for Power and Heat 2,3 2,1 2,3 2,3 2,4 Total Biomass for Energy 7,0 7,5 8,5 9,1 9,4 Total Biomass Use 12,8 12,9 13,6 13,9 14,2

25 Biomass use increase by 3%/year other biomass for energy wood for power/heat biofuel export biofuel consumption NL material oils/fats material wood/paper

26 2014

27 Green Deals

28 What is de Green Deal Support Civil society and other organisations to plan for sustainable development and execute concrete projects Remove bottlenecks in legislation, provide information and create good cooperation Links to other initiatives and creates a positive atmosphere for action.

29 Example Green Deal: Greencertificates Goal: - Stimulate production and use of biobased plastics by the introduction of a sustainability certificate

30 Biobased Research Agenda

31 National Research Approach Netherlands: - Topsector Approach - Biobased as a solution for Chemical Industry > Strong Agricultural knowledge (Wageningen) > Infrastructure (Rotterdam harbour) - Research agenda published

32 Biomass Food Pharma Fine chemicals Bulk chemicals Jet fuel Car fuel Electricity & Heat

33 R&D Support Netherlands Investments in R&D Governmental Support fiscal WBSO ,4 18,0 Top sec tor RDA ,2 12,8 TKI-BBE 52,4 19,2 26,2 8,5 TKI-Green-Gas 22,6 13,2 11,3 6,6 MIT BBE/A&F 0,2 7,6 0,1 3,8 TKI Addition 0,3 0,3 NWO 3,3 R&D Institutes 14,1 14,1 TOTAL ,3 67,4

34 PL 4: Solar Bio mass CO2 als grond -stof Biomassa voorbewerking en opwerking Biomassaproductie (en teeltsystemen) In-plant productie van waardevolle compounds Ontwikkeling specifieke gewassen incl aquatisch Bioraffinage (en voorbehandeling) Lignocellulos e Integrale bioraffinage Verse biomassa & Mest, landbouwgewas Slib sen Directe omzetting van CO2 mbv zonlicht Aquatisch e biomassa Conversie (naar energie, chemicaliën, materialen) Thermisch Chemisch Biologisch Ontwikkeling van toepassingen / eindproducten Circulaire Economie (cascadering, hergebruik, zij- en nevenstromen) Waardeketens, Ecosystemen, Maatschappelijke acceptatie PL 1: Thermisch PL 2: Chemisch PL 3: Biologisch Actie lijnen

35 BBE: programmalijnen 2.0 1: Raffinage en thermische conversie van biomassa 2: Raffinage en chemisch-katalytische conversie 3: Raffinage en biotechnologische conversietechnologie 4: Solar capturing % biomass production Plus actielijnen (systeem, acceptatie)

36 Development of Biobased Economy In the REGIONS

37 100 Projects from regions on the S-curve Noord-Nederland Oost NL Noord-Holland Limburg Flevoland Biobased Delta 0

38 Biomass Vision 2030

39 Developments in Dutch biomass demand Final biomass consumption / Avoided fl [PJ] o * * + o * Elektricity and heat o o Transport o Amount of biomass needed: PJ or Mton * * Chemicals 39

40 Measures: A) Increasing the supply of sustainable biomass Stimulate commodity creation - standaardisation of heterogenous biomass Stimulate increase in productivity agriculture & forestry - EU: strengthen position biobased economy in Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) - global level: stimulate sustainable increase of biomass productivity 40

41 Measures: B) Developing the demand for sustainable biomass Product policy at EU level: - phasing out harmful substances if a good bio-based alternative is available - encouraging the use of biodegradable products - encouraging the use of bio-based products Strengthening of biobased procurement policy - supporting EU biobased label or biobased products covered by the EU Ecolabel Voluntary agreements with companies on - the use of sustainable biomass - biobased procurement by companies 41

42 Measures: C) Sustainability of production and use of biomass A single overarching basic sustainability framework for all raw materials (including metals, minerals, fossil resources) Harmonisation of sustainability systems for different kinds of biomass and for different applications of biomass Using European standards (CEN) and international standards (ISO) as instruments for harmonisation Encouraging and strengthening of cross-sectoral cooperation aimed at biomass cascading and co-productions Vigorously pursuing a policy to combat waste in the food chain 42 Ministry of Economic Affairs Biobased & Circular Economy

43 Measures: D) Level playing field for all applications of biomass Integration at EU level of policies aimed at renewable energy, climate and materials: - focusing on 1 parameter: CO 2 Monitoring and adaptive policy Following international developments in relation to a tax on fossil resources or tax credits on bio-based end products E) Stimulating innovation and investments Additional incentives for investments in flagships in the area of biochemicals and biofuels Implementing the agenda of the Top Consortium for Knowledge and Innovation in the Biobased Economy (TKI- BBE) for

44 Conclusion

45 Conclusion Biobased Economy holds large expectations for a low carbon economy Now: Strong in Research & Development Integration: Energy, Waste, Agriculture, Chemical sectors creates opportunities Market Growth by Biobased Procurement needed