Systems Biology and Systems Medicine

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1 CHAPTER 5 Systems Biology and Systems Medicine INTRODUCTION A new approach to biology, termed systems biology, has emerged over the past 15 years or so an approach that looks - - have transformed systems biology by making it possible, for rary systems biology: necessary for development and physiological responses to the organism s environment sys tems medicine by Ginsburg & Willard. DOI: Copyright , Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 60

2 Systems Science in Biology and Medicine gies will enable the assessment of dynamic environmental recent advances in state-of-the-art in vitro and in vivo diagnos- - P4 medicine SYSTEMS SCIENCE IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE Systems Biology How do systems approaches to biology and medicine lead to a works encode the process of metabolism and provide energy seamlessly integrated together, and one of the challenges of Systems Medicine - the dynamic pathophysiology of the disease and necessarily pathogenic organisms, or other pathological environmental -

3 62 CHAPTER 5 Systems Biology and Systems Medicine Solanky et shows ical signs of the disease, and these changes can be detected in network nodal points change before the related clinical or - - in vivo imaging if some of these altered nodes encode secreted proteins, in vitro Figure 5.1 A central sub-network involved in neuronal pathology in mouse prion disease, based on measurements of global gene expression at three times after inoculation. Red circles indicate increased levels of gene expression relative to controls. The blue lines indicate interactions in this network.

4 MULTI-PARAMETER BLOOD-BORNE BIOMARKERS In principle, it is clear how blood samples containing secreted Anderson and Anderson, markers of disease states in the vast array of secreted proteins relevant biomarkers in the plasma proteome, as is evidenced An important strategy for dealing with noise arising from - - Organ-Specific Blood Protein Fingerprints - organs will secrete proteins into the blood, and that, if these - - marker may sample a biological network relevant to disease - - markers with more general biomarkers may prove to be the best

5 64 CHAPTER 5 Systems Biology and Systems Medicine scenario: - gerprints will provide a primary window into health and EMERGING IN VIVO AND IN VITRO TECHNOLOGIES In Vitro Measurement Technologies in vitro - in vitro - in vitro gies for in vitro in vitro Ma - Another type of in vitro proteomics technologies hold the promise of greatly improv The Challenges of Proteomics and Blood Protein Biomarkers

6 in Vivo and in Vitro Antibody Microarrays Using Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging (SPRI) μ - DNA-Encoded Antibody Libraries (DEAL) < non-mass-spectrometry-based in vitro protein assays is that - Mass Spectrometry-Based Techniques Isotopic Tagging for Relative and Absolute Quantification (itraq) of Proteins -

7 66 CHAPTER 5 Systems Biology and Systems Medicine Glyco-Peptide Capture Front-End Enrichment of Blood Proteins Containing Sugar Residues Targeted Mass Spectrometry In Vivo Molecular Diagnostics in vivo - in vivo in vitro in vivo Czernin and - - interact with target proteins to provide imaging assays for, - COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL CHALLENGES IN SYSTEMS MEDICINE Molecular Signature Classifiers of data dimensionality associated with global datasets, to Ion source MS1 CID MS2 Fixed Fixed Time Figure 5.2 Schematic diagram of the SRM operation. Peptides introduced into the QQQ mass spectrometer are first selected by their parent m/z, then fragmented, and selected fragments (transitions) are recorded by their m/z and plotted to record abundance.

8 Adler - Biological Networks and the Interactome analysis, and is referred to as the interactome - - correlated in vivo - Quantitative Predictive Models of Biological Systems

9 68 CHAPTER 5 Systems Biology and Systems Medicine biochemical networks provide a comprehensive, yet concise, Personalized and Predictive Genomics and Proteomics - Hood in vivo imaging anal- CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES in vivo imaging agents - in vivo - - P4 Medicine Hood - - -

10 in vivo - Digitalization of Biology and Medicine in vitro and in vivo - - Reducing Costs of Healthcare - in vivo REFERENCES - - Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis - -

11 70 CHAPTER 5 Systems Biology and Systems Medicine

12 S. cerevisiae by Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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