Genetics and Heredity Power Point Questions

Transcription

1 Name period date assigned date due date returned Genetics and Heredity Power Point Questions 1. Heredity is the process in which pass from parent to offspring. 2. is the study of heredity. 3. A trait is a physical controlled by genetic material found In the. 4. Traits have a phenotype which you can and a genotype which is the genetic for that trait. 5. are found in the and are made of DNA. 1

2 7. A karyotype is a or of the chromosomes. 8. A is a segment of a DNA molecule that contains information that controls. 9. An allele is a different of a gene. Genes come in and one member of each pair is called an. There are at least alleles for each trait an organism has. 10. DNA stands for 11. What four bases is DNA made of? What shape is a DNA molecule? 13. What pairs with cytosine? adenine? 2

3 14. For the following DNA sequence, write the complimentary strand. A G T C C A G T A A 3

4 15. Even though you get at least 2 alleles for each trait, only one phenotypically. The allele will be the one you see and the allele will be hidden. Examples of dominant and recessive human traits: Dominant Human Traits Recessive Human Traits 16. Gregor Mendel is considered to be the of genetics. He lived in and was a He studied genetics using 4

5 17. Mendel studies several traits in pea plants: Mendelian genetics. Mendel called traits he observed either or. He used a square to predict what traits the pea plants would have. 19. PUNNETT SQUARES a. What type of letter is used for a dominant trait? b. What type of letter is used for a recessive trait? c. What letters will a homozygous trait have? d. What type of letters will a heterozygous trait have? 20. Punnett Square Practice 1. Results of Cross Genotype Phenotype 5

6 21. Punnett Square Practice 2. Results of Cross Genotype Phenotype 22. Some traits are not dominant or recessive. They are. These traits will blend when. So, instead of only two phenotypes, there are. 23. Punnett Square Practice 3. Results of Cross Genotype Phenotype 6

7 24. Polygenic inheritance is when a trait is controlled by than one gene so have more than two. a. b. c. d. 25. A genetic occurs when a gene undergoes a. Mutations can be or. If the mutation helps an organism to survive, sometimes it stays in the population. 26. The can affect the way genes are expressed. 27. Chromosome disorders. Sometimes, an organism gets an incorrect number of. This is caused by a mistake during. Most of the time, in a human, a chromosome number more or less than 46 results in. 21 Heredity is defined as the passage of genetic instructions from one generation to the next. Which of the following is NOT an example of these genetic instructions in humans? A height B skin color C dimples 22 Which of the following is the correct organization of genetic material from smallest to largest? A DNA genes chromosomes cell nucleus B genes chromosomes DNA cell nucleus C cell nucleus genes DNA chromosomes D chromosomes DNA cell nucleus genes D spoken language 7

8 28 How many genes does an offspring receive for each trait? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 29 What structure is the arrow pointing to in the diagram? A chromosome B nucleus C cell D gene 36 DNA contains four nitrogen bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine(c). Thymine pairs with adenine, and guanine pairs with cytosine. What would the complimentary strand look like for the following DNA sequence? A G T C A A T C B G T T C A C C G C T G C A T C C D A T G A C G T T A C T G C A 8