What does the person being interviewed want to create?

Transcription

1 What does the person being interviewed want to create?

2 Daan Roosegaarde Interview about creating glowing plants

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4 What does BIO= Life TECHNOLOGY= The real life use/ application of science SO.

5 What is BIOtechnology Any Way???? Manipulating living organisms using various types of technology to produce more useful qualities: Using better genes and traits Allows the best or desired traits to be expressed.

6 Research in Biotechnology 1. Help humans create crops that can be frost resistant 2. Use transgenic organisms to help medical researchers model human physiology for testing 3. Help industry to create bacteria to break down pollutants into harmless products 4. Pharmaceutical companies use recombinant DNA to cheaply produce human hormones (insulin) and other proteins 5. Help solve crimes and determine familial relationships

7 Genetic Engineering= when an organism s genes are manipulated on purpose Basically, causing a change in the genetic code of another living thing

8 What is a TRANSGENIC Organisms? Let s break apart the word: Trans = Genic = Organism = Changing Relating to genes or DNA Something living Transgenic Organisms are: It is an organism that has had genes inserted(or moved into) from a different organism Transgenic organisms are made from combining different DNA

9 What is Genetically Modified Food (GMO) It is a crop or food that has been intentionally modified, altered or changed.

10 What is Selective Breeding A type of genetic engineering Choosing organisms (plants, animals) with the best traits (genes) and breeding them together to produce better (bigger, stronger) offspring

11 What is Recombinant DNA When DNA from two different organisms come together, the DNA becomes RECOMBINANT DNA What does recombinant (recombine) mean? The organism that receives the recombinant DNA will use it as if it were its own DNA.

12 How did THIS happen?!

13 Glow-in-the-dark PIGS?! A desired gene from one organism (the glow gene from a fire fly) was inserted into the DNA of a pig Through MITOSIS the pig s cells began replicating the glow-in-the-dark gene (the desired gene)

14 Transgenic Organisms Also know as

15 How do scientists create DNA? Its all about using BACTERIA! This is because bacteria have DNA rings called PLASMIDS.

16 Steps for Creating a Transgenic Organism 1. Remove the plasmid 2. Cut the bacterial DNA using restriction enzymes 3. Remove and cut a desired gene from a different organisms (foreign DNA)

17 Steps for Creating a Transgenic Organism 3. Remove and cut a desired gene from a different organisms (foreign DNA) 4. Then glue a piece of foreign (human, plant, animal) DNA back into the plasmid using the enzyme Ligase. 5. Insert the plasmid back into the Bacteria 6. Now, the bacteria will reproduce the new gene (in the plasmid DNA) to make larger quantities of the desired gene or trait.

18 All bacteria are IDENTICAL REMEMBER: bacteria divide using asexual reproduction! SO Every new bacteria will be making exact copies of the desired gene!

19 Applications of Recombinant DNA Bacteria used to produce hormones, antibiotics and Insulin Plants made to be resistant to herbicides and Pesticides Animals Cloning Replacement of genes which cause disorders (aka Gene Therapy) Such as Cystic Fibrosis Severe Combined Immunodeficiency

20 Practice Test Questions: 1. What is one way transgenic organisms have been utilized by scientists to benefit society? To produce healthier crops 2. What is a transgenic organism? An organism with genes/ DNA from another organism 3. What will most likely result from engineering crops that are more resistant to drought? The ability to produce more plants

21 Practice Test Question Bacillus thuringiensis, a bacterium commonly known as Bt, produces a protein that can kill certain insects that feed on corn crops. Scientists have been successful in transferring the gene that codes for this protein from the bacterium to the corn, so the corn can now make the Bt protein. Corn borers, insects that eat corn, die when they feed on corn containing the Bt protein. A potential problem associated with increased production of Bt corn is A. corn borers may stop feeding on corn plants B. corn borers may develop resistance to the Bt protein C. farmers may need to use less pesticide to control corn borers D. corn borers may compete with other insects

22 Great job if you knew the answer was B!

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24 Now please flip your paper over and complete the Biotechnology Stations side using the papers around the room