Biology Senior External Examination. Paper One Question and response book. Candidate use. Supervisor use only. QSA use only

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1 2009 Senior External Examination iology Paper One Question and response book Tuesday 3 November :00 am to 11:40 am Time allowed Perusal time: 10 minutes Working time: 2 hours 30 minutes Examination materials provided Paper One Question and response book Paper One Part Multiple-choice response sheet Notepaper Equipment allowed QS-approved equipment non-programmable calculator irections o not write in this book during perusal time. Paper One has three parts: Part : Multiple choice Part : Short response Part : Extended response ttempt all questions. andidate use Print your candidate number here 0 9 ttach barcode here Number of books used Supervisor use only Supervisor s initials QS use only Marker number Suggested time allocation Part : 1 hour Part : 40 minutes Part : 50 minutes ssessment ssessment standards are at the end of this book. fter the examination The supervisor will collect this book when you leave the examination room. The State of Queensland (Queensland Studies uthority) 2009

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3 Part Multiple choice Suggested time allocation: 1 hour. This part has 20 questions of equal value. ttempt all questions. Part assesses Understanding iology (U). Each question has four options, one of which is correct or is the best option. Respond to each question by selecting one of the four possible options and blackening the appropriate circle on the multiple-choice response sheet provided. Use a 2 pencil to blacken the circles. No credit for your response will be given if more than one circle is blackened. Question 1 The process by which a substance spreads from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration is known as osmosis. diffusion. pinocytosis. active transport. Question 2 Which of the following organelles is more numerous in a muscle cell than in a bone cell? centriole ribosome lysosome mitochondria Question 3 student made a wet mount of a letter of the alphabet. Under the microscope on low power, it looked like d. What was the actual letter she made the slide of? b d p q 2009 iology Paper One Question and response book 1

4 Question 4 The process of digestion can best be described as the release of energy from food. breakdown of organic molecules. breakdown of food in the stomach. splitting of bonds that bind nutrients together. Question 5 dish was filled with agar containing starch. In turn, five cavities are cut into the surface of the agar. Each cavity is then filled with a different liquid, then warmed and then flooded with iodine. The results are shown below. istilled water Untreated saliva oiled saliva Saliva plus weak acid Juice extracted from wheat gar jelly and starch lue-black area after iodine treatment lear areas after iodine treatment What do the results suggest about the action of saliva on starch? The saliva has no affect on starch. Saliva only reacts with iodine, not starch. oiled saliva and saliva treated with acids break down the starch. Saliva breaks down starch so it no longer tests positive with iodine iology Paper One Question and response book

5 Question 6 The diagram below refers to the female reproductive system. X The structure labelled X is the uterus. cervix. vagina. fallopian tube. Question 7 When blood sugar level falls, a hormone is secreted from an endocrine gland. The blood sugar level then returns to its normal level. With reference to this description, which of the following is the correct sequence? stimulus, effector, control centre, response, receptor stimulus, receptor, control centre, effector, response stimulus, receptor, control centre, response, effector stimulus, effector, receptor, control centre, response 2009 iology Paper One Question and response book 3

6 Question 8 Which of the following is formed during fertilisation from the fusion of two gametes? a clone a foetus a zygote an embryo Question 9 Which of the following graphs best represents the level of glucose in the bloodstream after a large carbohydrate meal? oncentration of blood glucose oncentration of blood glucose Time after meal Time after meal oncentration of blood glucose oncentration of blood glucose Time after meal Time after meal iology Paper One Question and response book

7 Question 10 When a large number of bacteria are placed on a medium that contains streptomycin, most of the bacteria die. Those that survive are then placed on a second dish that contains the same amount of streptomycin. Now most bacteria survive. Why do they survive? They could not produce antibodies. They have a natural resistance to the streptomycin. They were able to build up a natural immunity to the streptomycin. They did not come into contact with enough streptomycin to kill them. Question 11 harles arwin proposed a theory known as natural selection which explains how evolution occurred. This theory is based on the idea that favourable variations gradually become more common in the population. individual organisms acquire favourable characteristics. asexual reproduction causes variation. all variations are favourable. Question 12 lternative forms of a gene are alleles. chromatids. karyotypes. chromosomes iology Paper One Question and response book 5

8 Questions 13 and 14 refer to the following pedigree showing the inheritance of haemophilia Question 13 What is the chance of female 5 being a carrier? 0% 25% 50% 100% Question 14 Female 3 is a carrier. If she decides to have a child with an unaffected male, what is the chance of her child being a haemophiliac? 0% 25% 50% 100% Question 15 Which of the following is an example of a variable? the mass of a particular piece of filter paper leaving a plant in the sun for two hours the temperature during a particular day a particular person s date of birth iology Paper One Question and response book

9 Question 16 Refer to the table below. ountry irth rate (per thousand of population) In which country was the rate of population growth the greatest? ountry 1 ountry 2 ountry 3 ountry 4 eath rate (per thousand of population) ountry ountry ountry ountry Question 17 RN does not contain which of the following molecules? uracil guanine thymine cytosine Question 18 Which of the following organisms has the greatest biomass in a particular community? predators producers herbivores third-order consumers 2009 iology Paper One Question and response book 7

10 Question 19 The following diagram represents aspects of the carbon cycle. The three missing processes (in order X, Y, Z) are photosynthesis, combustion, respiration photosynthesis, respiration, decay decay, photosynthesis, respiration respiration, decay, combustion Question 20 ensely packed organisms are living in one small area. They are most likely to compete if they belong to one species rather than if they belong to many different species. The most likely reason for this is that organisms of the same species have similar death rates. can produce more fertile offspring. have similar biological requirements. are less likely to move out of the area. End of Part iology Paper One Question and response book

11 Part Short response Suggested time allocation: 40 minutes. This part has five questions of equal value. ttempt all questions. Part assesses Investigating iology (I). Respond to the questions in the spaces provided. Question 1 researcher was testing the hypothesis that the range of sound frequencies that a person can hear decreases as they age. Males and females of differing ages were selected. sound generator produced noises that varied in frequency. State the dependent variable in this experiment. Question 2 Vitamin is believed to prevent colds. To test this, volunteers were divided into four equal groups. Each person received a dose every evening for one year. The results were as follows: Group ontents of dose State which group (1, 2, 3 or 4) is the control group. Justify your response. Percentage who developed colds 1 Sugar 20 2 Sugar + 1 gram of Vitamin 19 3 Sugar + 3 grams of Vitamin 21 4 Sugar + 9 grams of Vitamin 10 Question 3 In an experiment, the following trials were set up. oth jars are kept in the dark. State the most probable hypothesis being tested. Trial 1 Trial 2 sealed jars green plant O2 removed O2 removed chemical that changes colour in the presence of O iology Paper One Question and response book 9

12 Question 4 student performed an experiment in which yeast cells were placed in differing concentrations of glucose. The growth of yeast was measured. In the space below, sketch and label the axes that would be used to most appropriately display the results. Question 5 guide to whether an individual is overweight is calculated using the body mass index (MI). This is calculated in the following way: MI = mass kg height m x height m The table below shows weight categories. ategory MI (Female) Underweight 19.9 or less cceptable weight Overweight Obese Extreme obesity 40.1 or more 1.57 m woman weighing 63 kg would be in which category? End of Part iology Paper One Question and response book

13 Part Extended response Suggested time allocation: 50 minutes. This part has two questions of equal value. ttempt both questions. Part assesses Evaluating iological Issues (EI). Write an extended response to each of the questions on the following pages. Each response must refer to biological principles, concepts and ideas. Plan your responses carefully. If you do a first draft and then a final draft, indicate which is the draft to be assessed. dditional lined pages for responses, if required, are on pages If you use the additional pages, label the question you are responding to in the box provided on each page. Question 1 Stem cells are generally thought to be able to develop into many different cell types in the body. When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential to either remain a stem cell or become another type of cell with a more specialised function, such as a muscle cell, a red blood cell or a brain cell. ancerous cells are those which display some form of uncontrolled growth. Occasionally, embryonic stem cells injected into patients can cause disabling if not deadly tumours. Justify the ongoing proposed use of stem cell therapy to treat patients with life-threatening conditions by critically evaluating the benefits and risks involved iology Paper One Question and response book 11

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15 Question 2 Organ transplantation is the replacement of body tissues. iscuss the positive and negative aspects of organ transplants. Predict the possible future directions for research iology Paper One Question and response book 13

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17 dditional pages for responses (if required) Part Question 2009 iology Paper One Question and response book 15

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22 ssessment standards from the 2006 Senior External Syllabus for iology riterion E Understanding biology The candidate communicates understanding by: making links between related ideas, concepts, principles and theories to reveal meaningful interrelationships applying knowledge and understanding to a range of complex and challenging tasks. The candidate communicates understanding by: explaining ideas, concepts, principles and theories and describing interrelationships between them applying knowledge and understanding to a range of complex tasks. The candidate communicates understanding by: defining and describing ideas, concepts, principles and theories, and identifying interrelationships applying knowledge and understanding to a range of tasks. The candidate communicates understanding by stating ideas and using terminology relevant to concepts and recalling interrelationships. The candidate states terminology and ideas relevant to concepts. Investigating biology The candidate communicates investigative processes by: formulating justified researchable questions designing an investigation by providing methodology, addressing variables and control, planning replicate treatments and identifying data to be collected organising data to identify trends and interrelationships interpreting and critically analysing data with links to theoretical concepts to draw conclusions relating to the question(s) evaluating the design of the investigation and reflecting on the adequacy of the data collected and proposing refinements. The candidate communicates investigative processes by: formulating researchable questions designing an investigation by providing methodology, addressing obvious variables and control and planning replicate treatments organising data interpreting data and drawing conclusions relating to the question(s) evaluating the design of the investigation and the adequacy of the data collected. The candidate communicates investigative processes by: identifying researchable questions designing an investigation by providing incomplete methodology with few variables and attempts to include a control organising data using data to draw conclusions. The candidate communicates investigative processes by: using data to answer questions designing an investigation which provides incomplete methodology and mentions variables attempting to organise data. The candidate communicates investigative processes by providing incomplete methodology, and transcribes data iology Paper One Question and response book

23 Evaluating biological issues The candidate communicates by: critically analysing and evaluating information and data from a variety of sources to determine validity, reliability and bias integrating the information and data to make justified and responsible decisions comparing alternatives and predictions relevant in past, present and future biological contexts. The candidate communicates by: analysing and evaluating information and data from a variety of sources to determine validity, reliability and bias integrating the information and data to make logical decisions recognising alternatives and predictions that are relevant in a range of past and present biological contexts. (ontinued) The candidate communicates by: analysing information and data from a variety of sources to determine validity and bias selecting relevant information and data to make plausible decisions and predictions recognising concepts that form the basis of present-day biological issues in a range of biological contexts. The candidate communicates by: making statements related to source material making unsupported decisions recognising that a given issue has biological implications. The candidate communicates by restating supplied information iology Paper One Question and response book 21