THE USE OF CRUDE GLYCEROL AND LIGNOCELLULOSICHYDROLYSATES IN

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1 TE USE OF CRUDE GLYCEROL AND LIGNOCELLULOSICYDROLYSATES IN TEPRODUCTION OF 1,3 PROPANEDIOL FOR BIOPLASTICS Josef Modl, EVP in co operation with Vienna University of Natural Resources and Life Science

2 Disclaimer The content provided in this presentation is governed by the copyright laws of Austria. Duplication, processing, distribution, or any form of commercialization beyond the scope of the copyright law shall require the prior written consent of the Vogelbusch Group. The presented innovations and process technologies are protected by intellectual property rights. Any violation will be prosecuted by applicable law. Third party content is reproduced under the GNU Free Documentation Licence. The Vogelbusch Group does not take any reliability and liability on completeness and correctness on the data presented. We all make errors, but in business, errors are protected by copyrights.

3 Agenda About ourselves the VOGELBUSC Group Worldwide turnaway from fossil energy sources biodiesel Our proven concept crude glycerol to valuable 1,3 propanediol Another waste stream gets new commercial and green values Conclusion Open discussion

4 Who is the Vogelbusch Group? Independent Austrian based engineering company Founded in 1921 by Mr. Wilhelm Vogelbusch > 100 highly qualified in house technologists and technicians > 50 patents and proprietary technologies filed Biotechnology projects realized in > 80 countries of the world Long lasting collaboration with university research facilities

5 The Vogelbusch Group white biotechnology red biotechnology Vogelbusch Biocommodities Gmb Vogelbusch Biopharma Gmb Vogelbusch U.S.A. Inc. Vogelbusch Anlagenservices Gmb Vogelbusch ong Kong Ltd.

6 Our key competences white biotechnology Engineering and construction of bioprocess plants for the sugar and starch processing and the food industries. Proprietary technology for alcohol, vinegar, yeast, organic acids, starch sugars. Unique expertise in the key biotechnological tasks of fermentation, separation, distillation, evaporation for industrial design. biocommodities.com

7 Our core competences red biotechnology Engineering and construction of biotech plants for the pharmaceutical industry based on relevant GMP/FDA guidelines Realization of upstream and downstream processes Design of white (production) and grey (utility) plant areas Design of key equipment Microbial and mammalian production lines Supply of prefabricated process units in own assembling shop including factory acceptance tests biopharma.com

8 The Vogelbusch Group and our Industrial Clients Proprietary alcohol technology by Vogelbusch filled the gas tank with Biofuels; Selected reference customers Proprietary cell culture and fermentation technology by Vogelbusch production serums for vaccanation; Selected reference customers

9 Scientific and Commercial Background Transesterification Biodiesel Glycerol Re-use of glycerol as substrate for a biorefinery for block-building chemicals?

10 Biodiesel Glyceryl trioleate Primarily driven by government policies and declining vegetable oil prices biodiesel production will advance in 2013 (forecast) to about 24.7 mln t, which result to about 2.7 mln t crude glycerol produced (averaged).

11 Biochemical basics O Glycerol dehydratase (dhab1-3) 1,3-Propanediol oxidoreductase (dhat) O O O O O O Glycerol 3-ydroxy Propionaldehyde 1,3-Propanediol Main Known bacterial strains for transformation: Klebsiella pneumoniae Clostridium B. Citrobacter sp. human pathogen

12 Our workhorse for this conversion process Keyfeatures Non human pathogen GMO for optimal product yields and concentration in mash Easy to cultivate and maintain

13 Demonstration in small technical plant scale Fed batch culture 50l Scale up bioreactor by Vogelbusch aufkonzentrierter Feed OD [g/l] time [h] OD600 glucose lactic acid 1,3-PDO acetic acid ethanol glycerol 3-P 0.8 mol 1,3 Propanediol/ mol Glycerol > 80g/L 1,3propanediol

14 With Cellulosic Sugars gets new Values Sugar is needed to promote bacterial grow 1.4 to. crude gylcerol to. C6 sugars = 1 to. 1,3 Propanediol ====================== Solution ydrolysates from empty fruit bunches

15 Direct comparison in small technical plant scale* * As reference fermentations 100% C6 Sugar guided process ydrolysates guided process (24% C5/ 76% C6) Q&A: Can you see any main difference? A: Slightly less biomass production with similar product yields!

16 Price Comparison Raw Material 395,00 355,00 315,00 275, Source: Milling & Baking News April, 2014 Glucose 80% DS, Wholesale US

17 Commercial scale process design Sufficient data is now available to offer a solid, commercial scale upstream process design. Simple solutions and low complexity are the key features to ensure low investment and production costs.

18 Where to go from here? GMO to optimize output Glycerol dehydratase (dhab1-3) 1,3-Propanediol oxidoreductase (dhat) O O Glycerol O O O 3-ydroxy Propionaldehyde O O 1,3-Propanediol psm Genome sequencing Transformation protocol Functional plasmid for plasmid expression

19 Effective? Expression of propanediol oxidoreductase increases propanediol production

20 Conclusions L. diolivorans is a non pathogen, well suited bacteria for 1,3 Propanediol production from biodiesel plant derived crude glycerol. It is not inhibited by raw glycerol or high 1,3 propanediol concentrations 90g/L 1,3 Propanediol can easily be achieved by fed batch culture. We developed a protocol for recombinant protein expression in L. diolivorans Conventional process C6 sugars can be fully substituted by cellulosic hydrolysates at a 1:1 scale without loss of product yield. We are ready to offer a complete up stream commercial scale process design package or Licensing

21 Selected references Pflügl S, Marx, Mattanovich D, Sauer M. 1,3 Propanediol production from glycerol with Lactobacillus diolivorans. Bioresour Technol. 2012; 119: Sauer M, Marx, Mattanovich D. Microbial production of 1,3 propanediol. Recent Pat Biotechnol. 2008; 2(3): PCT/EP2012/071812, Fermentation process for producing chemicals. Pflügl S, Marx, Mattanovich D, Sauer M. Genetic Engineering of Lactobacillus diolivorans. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2013;344:152 8.

22 Thank you for your attention Ing. Josef Modl Dr. Gottfried-umbert Sodeck Ing. Josef Modl Dr. Michael Sauer ans Marx