Bioproducts as Early-Stage Technology Opportunities for Industry and Investors. Peter L Keeling Iowa State University

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1 Bioproducts as Early-Stage Technology Opportunities for Industry and Investors Peter L Keeling Iowa State University

2 NSF Engineering Research Center CBiRC Biomass Feedstock Biobased Chemicals

3 Members - Since Inception A to C C to G G to M M to P P to S S to Z Sustainable Bioproducts Pine Creek Sumatra Biorenewables

4 Biobased Value and Volume Value Volume Low High Pharma Fragrances Nutraceuticals Flavors Cosmetics Performance Materials Performance Polymers Functional Materials Functional Polymers High-Performance Chemicals Functional Chemicals Specialty Chemicals Commodity Chemicals Fuel Additives Fuels High Low

5 Implementation & Scale Up Challenge Nascent industry sector Significant development risks Not a short time line Major capital investment costs Scale Lab R&D Proof of Concept Innovation GAP System Enhancement Pilot Scale Process Development Lab to Pre-Pilot Optimization Pre-Commercial Scale Industry Commercial Operations Innovators University / Investors Founders SBIR/STTR Seed / State Federal / Industry Partnering / Venture Funds Industry / Ventures Investment / Banks $1M $2m $25m $100m $200m

6 Startups Develop and Derisk Startups enter development space with focus on high value. Students gain real insight into project & startup concept planning. CBiRC s startups have accessed over $5m of funding since Sumatra Biorenewables Sustainable Bioproducts

7 Innovation is the i in CBiRC.

8 Chemical Catalysis Biocatalysis Building Block Molecules Platform Array of Molecules Key Building Block(s) Polymers Resins Personal Care Surfactants Lubricants Composites Materials

9 Problem Alkanes Aromatics Cycloalkanes Scaled and Derisked CH not Functionalized 20M Gallons a Day & Multiple Molecules 0.2M Gallons a Day & Single Molecules Glucans Xylans Lignin Less Scaled not Derisked CHO too Functionalized

10 Solution ü Biology & Chemistry ü Derisked ü Scalable

11 Value Chain CBiRC Biomass Processing Refining Catalysis Intermediates Applications Uses Biomass Sugars Bio-Chemicals Primary Intermediates Secondary Intermediates Uses Feedstock Processor Companies Technology Development Companies Integrated Bio/Chemical Companies Chemical Companies End User Companies

12 Petrochemicals ETHYLENE maleic anhydride ethanol ethylene ethylene dichloride vinyl chloride ethylene oxide ethylene glycol a-olefins vinyl acetate ethanolamines diethyleneglycol butene-1 1,4-butanediol PROPYLENE propylene acrylonitrile propylene oxide acrylic acid n-butanol isopropanol propylene glycol 2-ethylhexanol methyl ethyl ketone BENZENE benzene nitrobenzene cyclohexane adipic acid caprolactam linear alkylbenzene cumene phenol acetone bisphenol-a methyl diphenyl diisocyanate aniline ethylbenzene styrene METHANOL/GLYCEROL glycerol methanol methyl tert-butyl ether formaldehyde acetic acid methyl chloride Chloroform methyl methacrylate Alkanes/Cycloalkanes/Aromatics XYLENE toluene diisocyanate phthalic anhydride o-xylene terephthalic acid p-xylene butadiene

13 BioBased O R Diacids/Diols Multifunctionals Pyrones Fatty Acids/Alcohols Furans Starch / Cellulose

14 TRLs & Metrics TRL Stages & Metrics Proof of Concept Process Development System Enhancement Lab Scale Scale Description Experimental concept evaluation in laboratory growth Medium Product 0.1 to 1 g product Volume 0.1 to 1 L volume Fermentation Description Shake Flask Titer 0.1 to 1 g/l Yield 1 to 20 % Productivity 0.01 to 0.1 g/l/hr Catalysts Description Identify catalyst Yield 60 to 70 % Selectivity 85 to 100 % Catalyst Life 0.1 to 1 hours Separations Description Concept for separations identified but processes not developed Process Description Crude concept of process identified Economics Description Proof of Concept TEA with ESTEA and modeling Small Scale Small scale process developments with Medium simplification 1 to 1 kg product 1 to 10 L scale Fermentor 1 to 10 g/l 20 to 40 % 0.1 to 0.5 g/l/hr Enhance catalyst 70 to 80 % 80 to 100 % 1 to 100 hours Separation concepts under development alongside process modeling Process flow diagram developed Process Development TEA with Aspen modeling and PFD Pre-Pilot Scale Multiple process enhancements with industrial Medium 1 to 10 kg product 10 to 100 L scale Stirred Fermentor Vessel 10 to 100 g/l 40 to 80 % 0.5 to 2 g/l/hr Optimize catalyst 80 to 90 % 90 to 100 % 100 to 10,000 hours Separation evaluated with process flow detail, risk analysis and modeling Enhanced process flow diagram with risk analysis Demonstration TEA with advanced Aspen and risk-adjusted PFD