Web Services in the Enterprise. Concepts, Standards, Solutions, and Management

Transcription

1 Web Services in the Enterprise Concepts, Standards, Solutions, and Management

2 NETWORK AND SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT Series Editor: Manu Maiek Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken, New Jersey ACTIVE NETWORKS AND ACTIVE NETWORK MANAGEMENT: A Proactive Management Framework Stephen F. Bush and Amit B. Kulkarni BASIC CONCEPTS FOR MANAGING TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS: Copper to sand to Glass to Air Lawrence Bernstein and C M. Yuhas COOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPRISE NETWORKS Pradeep Kumar Ray INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT FROM E-BUSINESS PERSPECTIVES: Concepts, Architectures, and Methodologies Pradeep Kumar Ray MANAGING BUSINESS AND SERVICE NETWORKS Lundy Lewis WEB SERVICES IN THE ENTERPRISE: Concepts, Standards, Solutions, and Management Akhil Sahai and Sven Graupner A Continuation Order Plan is available for this series. A continuation order will bring delivery of each new volume immediately upon publication. Volumes are billed only upon actual shipment. For further information please contact the publisher.

3 Web Services in the Enterprise Concepts, Standards, Solutions, and Management Akhil Sahai and Sven Graupner Hewlett-Packard Laboratories Palo Alto, Calilornia ^ Spri rineer g^

4 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Sahai, Akhil. Web services in the enterprise : concepts, standards, solutions, and management / Akhil Sahai, Sven Graupner. p. cm. - (Network and Systems management) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN (alk. Paper) 1. Web services. 2. Electronic commerce. I. Graupner, Sven. II Title. Ill Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers network and systems management. TK S '6 dc Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. New York, Boston, Dordretch, London, Moscow ISBN Printed on the acid-free paper Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. All Rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now know or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed in the United States of America SPIN springeronline.com

5 Dedicated to people who gave me life and who make my life worth living: my parents, Dada, my beloved wife Nina, Daddy and Mama -Akhil Dedicated to my parents, friends and colleagues who gave me inspiration to write this book -Sven

6 PREFACE Enterprise IT infrastructure is getting increasingly complex. With the increase in complexity has arisen the need to manage it. Management in general can be seen as the process of assuring that a managed entity meets its expectations in a controlled and predictable manner. Examples of managed entities are not only components, entire systems, processes, but also people such as employees, developers, or operators, and entire organizations. Traditional management has addressed some of these issues in varied manner. The emergence of Web services has added a new complexity to the management problem and poses a new set of problems. But it also adds to the mix a set of technologies that will make the task of management simpler. Management of Web services will be critical as businesses come to rely on them as a substantial source of their revenue. The book tries to cover the broad area of web services, the concepts, implications for the enterprise, issues involved in their management and how they are being used for management themselves. The book is intended as a reference for current practice and future directions for web services and their management. The book is directed at: Computing professionals, academicians and students to learn about the important concepts behind the web services paradigm and how it impacts the enterprise in general and how it affects traditional application, network and system management. Business Managers and Analysts to understand the implications of web services and their management on the enterprise vn

7 vni System managers to understand the concepts, impact, techniques, and standards that are either available today or are emerging to manage web services Researchers, to complement their current knowledge and expertise. Network and System Management vendors in understanding where management capabilities are required in the domain of web services and how to go up the management stack. Acknowledgements We would like to thank the reviewers (who remained anonymous till the book went into production), Prof. Lundy Lewis, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA and Dr. Pradeep Ray, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia for the invaluable comments and suggestions that they provided. These comments and suggestions greatly improved the book. We would also like to thank researchers at HP Labs, Palo-Alto who we collaborated and researched some of the web services and management technologies with and who gave us the motivation to write the book. Thanks are due to management team, namely Vijay Machiraju, Mohammed Dekhil, Kumar Goswami and Rich Friedrich for being supportive and encouraging of the whole endeavor. My deepest gratitude are towards my parents whose immense belief, love and self-less sacrifice has made me what 1 am today. I would like to thank my wife Nina for her understanding and patience and for putting up with me during writing of the book. I also thank her for the painstaking review she undertook for the book. She has been an immense source of strength and of unconditional love throughout. Acknowledgements are also due to my brother for reviewing and giving me feedback on the book and in general providing me guidance at every step of my life and for being there for me. Akhil Sahai June 2004 I would like to acknowledge my parents, friends and colleagues who gave me inspiration to write this book Sven Graupner June 2004

8 CONTENTS PART I - WEB SERVICES AND MANAGEMENT Chapter 1 - Introduction 1. Introduction 3 2. Web Services: Definition 3 3. Market Trends Transformations in Enterprise System Management Emergence of Web Services Need for Web Service Management Growing Potential for Federated Management 9 4. Management of Web Services 9 5. Service Life Cycle Management What to Expect in the Book 13 Chapter 2 - Overview Of Web Services 1. Introduction to Web Services Tightly Coupled Distributed Software Architectures Loosely Coupled Distributed Software Architectures Client Utility System (E-Speak) T-Spaces Jini The State of the Art in Web Services Web Services Description Web Services Discovery E-Marketplace UDDI Web Service Inspection Language Web Services Choreography Web Services Flow Language, XLANG BPEL4WS 24 IX

9 X Contents 23 A ebxml Web Services Management WSRF - The Web Services Resource Framework History Web Services and Service Oriented Architecture Stateful Resources and Stateless Web Services WSRF Definitions Summary of WSRF Web Services Distributed Management (WSDM) Platforms for Web Services First Generation: CGI and Perl Second Generation: Java Third Generation: Richer Development and Run-time Environments Fourth Generation: Web Services Frameworks Putting It All Together 41 Summary 45 Chapter 3 - Application Management and Web Services 1. Introduction Application Life Cycle Processes in Application Management Generalized View on Application Management Management Process Life Cycle Definition of a Management Process (at Creation Stage) Instrumenting the Managed Domain (at Deployment Stage) Execution of a Management Process (Operation Stage) Management Process Hierarchies Management of Management Processes Aspects in Application Management Taxonomy 1: Management Aspects Versus Application Life Cycle Taxonomy 2: Application Life Cycle Versus Management Process Steps Management in Application Creation 62

10 Contents xi 5.1 Definition of Management Processes for Application Creation Example 1: Implementation Example 2: Assurance, Testing Instrumentation in the Managed Domain Execution of Management Processes Management in Application Deployment Definition of Management Processes for Application Deployment Example 1: Installation and Configuration Example 2: Customizing an Application Instrumentation in the Managed Domain Execution of Management Processes Management During Application Operation Definition of Management Processes for Application Operation Example 1: Fault Management Example 2: Performance Management Example 3: SLA Assurance Instrumentation in the Managed Domain General Interaction Pattern for Instrumentation Protocols CMIS and CMIP (OSI Management) OMG Summary 76 Chapter 4 - Enterprise Management and web services 1. Introduction System Management in the Enterprise Changing Requirements in IT Infrastructure Enterprise Management Role of System Management in the Enterprise Enterprise Management Systems Agent-based Management Infrastructure Three-tiered Management Architecture FCAPS Management in the Enterprise 85

11 XI1 Contents 3. Integrated IT Service Management (ITSM) The IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL) The ITIL Toolkit ITSM General Methodology IT Service Management Processes ITSM General Implementation Service Delivery Processes Service Support Processes Model-based Management Models in Systems Management Models for Service Management Common Information Model (CIM) CIM Meta Model CIM Core and Common Model CIM and Web-Based Enterprise Management (WBEM) TMF-TOM/eTOM Parlay / OSA Model Creation Process A Generic Service Model Recursive Application of the Service Model Models for Diagnosis Rules Summary 118 PART II -^ PERSPECTIVES ON WEB SERVICES MANAGEMENT Chapter 5 - Managing Web Services From An E-Business Perspective 1. Introduction The Method of Balanced Scorecards Balanced Scorecard and Management Double-Loop Feedback Outcome Metrics Management by Fact Web Services and Business Problems Key Business Areas Addressed by Web Services Business-to-Consumer (B2C) Domain 130

12 Contents xiii 3.3 Business-to-Business (B2B) Domain Customer Life Cycle Web Services Business Metrics Web Services Business Metrics Classification Customer Life Cycle Metrics Customer Metrics Customer ROI Metrics Web Site Behavior Metrics 149 Summary 156 Chapter 6 - Managing Applications And IT Infrastructure Of Web Services 1. Introduction Application View of Web Services Infrastructure View to Web Services Linking IT Infrastructure Management with Web Services Managing the Application Infrastructure of Web Services Metric Collection and Analysis in Application Infrastructure of Web Services Web Services Metric Analysis Rule-based Processing Handling Multiple Sites Web Service Metric Reporting Basic Monitoring Functions in Web Services Applications Linking Infrastrutcure Management to Web Service Management Network Management Systems Management Storage Management Application Management New Developments in IT - Infrastructure Management From the Web Service Perspective IT as a Service Provider Virtualization as Enabler New Challenges Driving Infrastructure Management Summary 183

13 xiv Contents PART III - THE PRACTICE OF WEB SERVICES MANAGEMENT Chapter 7 - Instrumentation of Web Services 1. Introduction Instrumentation Management Information Exposed Through Instrumentation Manageability and Instrumentation Requirements for Web Services Standards in Instrumentation and Manageability SNMP System Application MIB Application Management MIB Application Response Management (ARM) Application Response Time Measurement (ART) Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) Java Management Extensions (JMX) Instrumentation Level Agent Level Distributed Services Level Log File Analysis Network Packet Sniffing Web Server Plug-ins SOAP Instrumentation Handling Dynamic Content 209 Summary 210 Chapter 8 - Managing Composite Web Services 1. Introduction Web Service Composition Managing Web Service to Web Service Interactions Web Service Transactionahty Web Service Reliability Web Service Security Secure Data Communication and Secured Networks 222

14 Contents xv Digital Signatures Digital Certificates Secure Authentication and Certification WS-Security Service Level Agreements Specification of Service Level Agreements L1 Introduction to SLA Rethinking SLA Specifications SLA Specification languages SLA Monitoring SLM Engine Service Level Monitoring Process Flow 239 Summary 242 Chapter 9 - Management Using Web Services 1. Introduction Uniform Representation Through Web Services Role of Management System in Virtualized Environment Assumptions in Legacy Management Systems Challenged by Virtualization Conclusions for Management Systems Interface for a Generic Virtualization Layer Inner-Layer Management Cross-Layer Management Time-dependence of Associations Association Interface Applications Utility Computing The Stages Towards Utility Computing Utility Computing Infrastructure Web Services in Grid Basic Interfaces and Behavior 259 Summary 261

15 xvi Contents Appendix - Web Services Management Products And Solutions 1. Introduction HP OpenView Management Suite Tivoli Management Suite Tivoli Product Portfolio Web Service Networks Grand Central Communications Flamenco Networks Kenamea Talking Blocks CA Unicenter Actional AmberPoint Confluent Microsoft Application Center Service Integrity The Utility Data Center (UDC) - Integrated Data Center Resource Management Resource Virtualization in the UDC The UDC Management System 286 References 289 Figures 303 Index 305