Visualization to Enhance Data Impact 1

Transcription

1 Visualization to Enhance Data Impact Cynthia Driver, DrPH Deputy Director Public Health Programs Data for Health Initiative 20 countries and cities 3 components Civil registration and vital statistics Mobile phone survey of NCD risk factors Data Impact Program Goal: Data-driven Policymaking Demand for data Collection Management Analysis Communication Data-driven Policymaking 1

2 Challenge Difficult to turn data into clear, succinct communications products that advance policy Challenges in both directions: Technical experts articulating importance of data to lay audiences Decision-makers incorporating data into communications products Scenario Advocate for additional funds to expand TB program services in a neighborhood with high TB rate Stakeholders Health department decision-makers Community partners You have data now what? Tuberculosis Rates by Neighborhood, Brooklyn, NYC, 2014 Neighborhood Rate per 100,000 Bedford Stuyvesant-Crown Heights 6.5 Williamsburg-Bushwick 4.7 East Flatbush-Flatbush 9.6 Downtown-Brooklyn Heights-Park 2.6 Sunset Park 23.1 Coney Island 6.9 East New York 4.8 Borough Park 10.3 Bensonhurst- Bay Ridge 7.7 Greenpoint 1.5 Canarsie-Flatland 5.0 Brooklyn 7.4 City-Wide 7.2 Data from: NYC DOHMH Bureau of Tuberculosis Control, Annual Summary

3 Rate per 100,000 Why Visualize? Data findings more readily apparent in visual images Easier to grasp meaning of data points in graphical or pictorial format Visualize to: - understand what the data are saying - communicate efficiently to others - support good decision-making A Data Visualization conveys meaningful and memorable insights through graphical representation of data TB Rates by Neighborhood, Brooklyn, NYC, Data from: NYC DOHMH Bureau of Tuberculosis Control Annual Summary,

4 TB Rates by Neighborhood, Brooklyn, NYC, 2014 Rate per 100, Sunset Park 23.1 Borough Park East Flatbush-Flatbush Bensonhurst- Bay Ridge Coney Island Bedford Stuyvesant-Crown Heights Canarsie-Flatland East New York Williamsburg-Bushwick Downtown-Brooklyn Heights-Park Greenpoint Citywide rate (7.2 per 100,000) Source: NYC DOHMH Bureau of Tuberculosis Control Annual Summary, 2014 Effective Visualization Visual perception Design principles Visualization type Data stories Visual Perception Humans see differences in color, form, space, sequencing Data presentation impacts what we see and how we interpret it 4

5 Orient audience 10 Design Principles 1. Label sufficiently 2. Visually link related elements 3. Create a visual hierarchy 4. Simplify data comparisons 5. Display reference points 10 Design Principles Eliminate distractions 6. Present text horizontally 7. Limit non-data elements 8. Use color purposively 9. Be cautious with images 10. Avoid distortions. Data Visualization Types Figures Bar Line Maps Choropleth Dot density Proportional symbol 5

6 Cases per 100,000 No. of Cases TB Case Rates by Age Group and Sex, US, Male Female Under Source: CDC. Reported Tuberculosis in the United States, Surveillance Slide set. 20 Leading Causes of DALYs, NYC, 2005 Reported TB Cases, US, * 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 *Updated as of June 5, Year Source: CDC. Reported Tuberculosis in the United States, Surveillance Slide set. 6

7 Cases per 100,000 TB Case Rates in U.S.-born vs. Foreignborn Persons, United States,* ** 100 U.S. Overall U.S. -born Foreign-born *Includes the same data as slide 17, but rates presented on a logarithmic scale. **Updated as of June 5, Source: CDC. Reported Tuberculosis in the United States, Surveillance Slide set. Importance of geography why map? Clustering of disease cases in specific location More focused interventions Visualizing health outcomes by geography Improved resource allocation Identifying geographic trends Better understanding of disease patterns When to Map? Location key to message When not key, map not useful for conveying message Tables, charts, graphs more useful 7

8 Choropleth Dot density Proportional symbol Types of Maps TB Rates by Neighborhood, Brooklyn, 2014 Sunset Park Percentage of TB Cases Among Foreign-born Persons, United States* DC DC >50% 25% 49% <25% *Updated as of June 5, No cases Source: CDC. Reported Tuberculosis in the United States, Surveillance Slide set. 8

9 Dental Hygienists in South Carolina by Primary Practice Location, 2010 Source: Office for Healthcare Workforce Analysis and Planning, 2011 US Homeless Population by State, 2009 Source: StateHealthFacts.org Strategic Communications Using Data Communicate priorities, justify policy decisions Establish systems to regularly share visually compelling data o Reports highlight specific health issues or health status of populations o Press releases, speeches, testimonies regularly incorporate data 9

10 A Policy Brief A concise document that presents findings of policy-relevant data analysis and evaluates policy options for non-technical audiences Includes: Context, scope, impact of problem Viable solutions Rationale for changing policies Design Considerations Thoughtful design and length (2-4 pages) Hook that entices audiences to read beyond the Key Messages Clearly worded Use graphs, maps, or figures Resources Excel QGIS ArcGIS EpiInfo Map 10

11 Thank you! 11