Expert Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c

Transcription

1 Expert Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c Kellyn Pot vin Anand Akela Gokhan Atil Bobby Curtis Alex Gorbachev Niall Litchfield Leighton Nelson Pete Sharman

2 Expert Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c Copyright 2013 by Kellyn Pot vin, Anand Akela, Gokhan Atil, Bobby Curtis, Alex Gorbachev, Niall Litchfield, Leighton Nelson, and Pete Sharman This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. ISBN-13 (pbk): ISBN-13 (electronic): Trademarked names, logos, and images may appear in this book. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every occurrence of a trademarked name, logo, or image, we use the names, logos, and images only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. President and Publisher: Paul Manning Lead Editor: Chris Nelson Technical Reviewer: Frits Hoogland Editorial Board: Steve Anglin, Mark Beckner, Ewan Buckingham, Gary Cornell, Louise Corrigan, Morgan Ertel, Jonathan Gennick, Jonathan Hassell, Robert Hutchinson, Michelle Lowman, James Markham, Matthew Moodie, Jeff Olson, Jeffrey Pepper, Douglas Pundick, Ben Renow-Clarke, Dominic Shakeshaft, Gwenan Spearing, Matt Wade, Tom Welsh Coordinating Editor: Jill Balzano Copy Editor: Sharon Wilkey Compositor: SPi Global Indexer: SPi Global Artist: SPi Global Cover Designer: Anna Ishchenko Distributed to the book trade worldwide by Springer Science+Business Media New York, 233 Spring Street, 6th Floor, New York, NY Phone SPRINGER, fax (201) , orders-ny@springer-sbm.com, or visit Apress Media, LLC is a California LLC and the sole member (owner) is Springer Science + Business Media Finance Inc (SSBM Finance Inc). SSBM Finance Inc is a Delaware corporation. For information on translations, please rights@apress.com, or visit Apress and friends of ED books may be purchased in bulk for academic, corporate, or promotional use. ebook versions and licenses are also available for most titles. For more information, reference our Special Bulk Sales ebook Licensing web page at Any source code or other supplementary materials referenced by the author in this text is available to readers at For detailed information about how to locate your book s source code, go to

3 Contents at a Glance About the Authors... xv About the Technical Reviewer... xix Chapter 1: Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c Architecture...1 Chapter 2: Installation and Agent Deployment...15 Chapter 3: Management of the OMS and Repository...65 Chapter 4: Interacting with the EM12c Console...99 Chapter 5: Cloud Lifecycle Management Chapter 6: Software Library, Patching, and Provisioning Chapter 7: Managing and Monitoring Best Practices Chapter 8: Managing Engineered Systems Chapter 9: Performance Pages and ASH Analytics Chapter 10: Metric Extensions and Management Plug-ins Chapter 11: Enterprise Manager Jobs Chapter 12: Incident Management Chapter 13: High Availability, Backup, and Recovery Index iii

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5 Contents About the Authors... xv About the Technical Reviewer... xix Chapter 1: Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c Architecture...1 Architecture Overview...2 The Cloud Control Console... 3 Oracle Management Agents... 3 Oracle Management Service... 4 Oracle Management Repository... 4 Plug-ins... 5 A High-Availability EM12c Configuration...5 Level Level Level Level The Software Library...8 Management Tools...9 Command-Line Tools...10 Repository Users...10 Repository Views...11 Communication Flow...11 Protocols Ports Firewalls v

6 Contents Authentication in EM12c...13 Summary...14 Chapter 2: Installation and Agent Deployment...15 Meeting Hardware Requirements...16 Hardware Requirements for OMS Hardware Requirements for Management Repository Hardware Requirements for Management Agents Installing Management Repository...17 Using the Oracle-Validated RPM Package and YUM Creating Oracle User and Groups Setting Kernel Parameters Creating Required Directories Installing the Oracle Database Software Creating the Repository Database Installing Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c...38 Creating the Oracle User and Groups Creating Required Directories Installing Oracle Enterprise Manager Deploying Management Agents...53 Using the Add Host Targets Wizard Using RPM Using the AgentPull Script Using the agentdeploy Script Summary...64 Chapter 3: Management of the OMS and Repository...65 Oracle Management Agent...65 Agent Management with the Console Agent Management with the Command Line vi

7 Contents Oracle Management Service...78 OMS Management with the Console OMS Management with the Command Line Oracle Management Repository...88 Repository Management with the Console Repository Management with the Command Line Repository Views Troubleshooting...95 Summary...97 Chapter 4: Interacting with the EM12c Console...99 A Brief History of EM...99 Technology Interface Cloud Control Cloud Control Menu Bar Security Management Configuration of Support Integration Proxy Configuration Notifications Management Pack Access Navigation Menu Bar Enterprise Menu Targets Menu Favorites Menu History Menu Search Box Target Management Menu Bar Monitoring Setup Diagnostics vii

8 Contents Target State and Notification Control Log Review Target Setup Customization Summary Chapter 5: Cloud Lifecycle Management What Is Cloud Computing? Essential Characteristics Service Models Deployment Models Enterprise Private Cloud Complete Cloud Lifecycle Management Planning the Cloud Setting Up the Cloud Building the Cloud Testing in the Cloud Deploying the Cloud Monitoring the Cloud Managing the Cloud Metering and Chargeback Optimizing the Cloud Consolidation Planner Summary Chapter 6: Software Library, Patching, and Provisioning Software Library Configuring the Software Library Using Software Library Entities Performing Tasks via the Software Library Home Page Maintaining the Software Library viii

9 Contents Patching Patch Management Configuration of My Oracle Support Patch Plans Creation of a Patch Plan Plan Templates Saved Patches Additional Patching Procedures Roles Needed for Patching Provisioning Overview of Database Provisioning Supported Targets and Deployment Procedures Setup for Database Provisioning Summary Chapter 7: Managing and Monitoring Best Practices Metric Thresholds Monitoring Templates Administration Groups Planning the Hierarchy Implementing the Hierarchy Joining Administration Groups Template Collections Synchronization Schedule Incident Management Recommendations Events, Incidents, and Problems Rules and Rule Sets Metric Collection Errors Summary ix

10 Contents Chapter 8: Managing Engineered Systems Types of Engineered Systems Engineered Systems Lifecycle Supported Hardware and Software Planning and Setup Phase Installing the Management Agent Launching Autodiscovery Specifying Component Credentials Reviewing Configuration and Completing Setup Testing Phase Identifying Applications to Be Migrated Creating a Test Environment Validating Application Performance Management Phase I/O Resource Manager Maintenance Phase Compliance Framework Configuration Management Defect Diagnostics Automated Patch Management Summary Chapter 9: Performance Pages and ASH Analytics Licensing Requirements Host Performance Performance Home Throughput I/O Parallel Execution Services x

11 Contents Top Activity Top SQL Pane SQL Details Page SQL Activity Top Sessions Pane ASH Analytics The Load Map SQL Monitoring SQL Performance SQL Performance Analyzer SQL Access Advisor SQL Tuning Sets SQL Plan Control Optimizer Statistics Cloud Control SQL History Advisor Central Emergency Monitoring Real-Time ADDM ADDM Comparison Report Summary Chapter 10: Metric Extensions and Management Plug-ins Metric Extensions Your First Metric Extension SQL Adapter OS Command Adapters SNMP Adapter JMX Adapter Adapters and Target Types Management Plug-ins Getting Started with the Extensibility Framework Basic Plug-in Target Types and Metrics xi

12 Contents Target Type Metadata Default Collection Metadata Packaging the Plug-in Agent s Metric Browser Under the Hood of Metric Extensions Summary Chapter 11: Enterprise Manager Jobs Why Use EM12c Jobs Enterprise Manager Job Architecture EM Job System Components EM Jobs Service Monitoring Configuration The Job Activity Page The Enterprise Manager Job Library EM Job Schema Job Creation Types of Jobs Effective Monitoring and Job Status Permissions EM Jobs Service Charts and Metrics EM Jobs Service Charts Performance Metrics Usage Metrics Migrating Scripts to the EM Job System Managing EM12c Jobs Viewing Job Results Editing Jobs from the Activity View Stopping a Running Job Suspending Jobs xii

13 Contents Copying to the Library Deleting Jobs Managing the Manager Troubleshooting the EM12c Job System Performing the Installation Using the EMDIAG with EM12c Blackouts and EM12c Job Impact Controlling Multiple Management Agents Through EM Jobs Summary Chapter 12: Incident Management Incident Manager Terminology Events and Incidents Problems Incident Rule Sets Incident Manager User Interface Creating Incident Rules Looking at the Details of an Incident Creating a Custom View Prioritization of Rules and Notifications Backward Compatibility Incident Manager Guidelines Managing Events and Incidents Rule Set Recommendations Summary Chapter 13: High Availability, Backup, and Recovery High Availability Oracle Management Agent Management Repository Management Service Software Library xiii

14 Contents Backup Repository Backup Oracle Management Service Backup Management Agent Backup Recovery Repository Recovery Oracle Management Service Recovery Management Agent Recovery Switchover and Failover Summary Index xiv

15 About the Authors Kellyn Pot Vin is an Oracle ACE Director and senior technical consultant at Enkitec, managing Oracle and SQL Server. She specializes in environment optimization, tuning and creating systems that are robust and enterprise level. Kellyn works mostly on multiterabyte databases, including Exadata, and databases with driven performance involving solid-state disk solutions. Kellyn is deeply involved in the Oracle User Group community, speaking at conferences around the world, and is the director for the Rocky Mountain Oracle Users Group (RMOUG) Training Days conference, one of the largest regional conferences. Kellyn blogs at and is engrossed in social media. She can be found on Twitter under the LinkedIn, and Facebook, where she often discusses her daily technical adventures since she works from home and doesn't have any coworkers to tell them to. She also heads up local and global Women in Technology (WIT) groups, mentoring fellow women in technical fields. Kellyn resides in Westminster, Colorado, with her partner, Tim Gorman, and her three children, Sam, Cait, and Josh. Anand Akela is senior principal product marketing director for Oracle Enterprise Manager. He focuses on Oracle s enterprise cloud, virtualization, and infrastructure management offerings. Prior to his current role at Oracle, he worked at HP in various product marketing, product management, and engineering roles in the areas of systems management, servers, data center energy efficiency, and enterprise software. Anand is an active participant in various data center industry consortiums and currently serves as chairman for the Data Collection and Analysis Work Group at The Green Grid. The Green Grid is a global consortium of IT companies and professionals seeking to improve energy efficiency in data centers and business computing ecosystems around the globe. Anand also serves as an advisor to PeersNet, a web services provider. Anand received his MBA from the Fuqua School of Business at Duke University and a BS in computer science from the University of Pune in India. xv

16 About the Authors Gokhan Atil is an independent consultant who has been working in IT since He worked as a development and production DBA, trainer, and software developer. He has a strong background in Linux and Solaris systems. He's an Oracle Certified Professional (OCP) for Oracle Database 10g and 11g, and has hands-on experience with Oracle 11g/10g/9i/8i. He is an active member of the Oracle community and has written and presented papers at various conferences. He's also a founding member of the Turkish Oracle User Group (TROUG). He was honored with the Oracle ACE award in He has a blog in which he has shared his experience with Oracle since 2008: Bobby Curtis is a solution architect at BIAS Corporation in Atlanta, Georgia. He has been a database administrator for 11 of his 17 years in the IT industry, with experience in Oracle, MS SQL Server, MySQL, and Sybase. Bobby specializes in database implementation, configuration, and data integration for enterprise-level databases and monitoring tools. He is a member of the Georgia Oracle Users Group (GOUSER), Independent Oracle User Group (IOUG), and Oracle Developer Tools User Group (ODTUG). Bobby is also certified in Oracle GoldenGate, Oracle Enterprise Manager 11, Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c, and Oracle Exadata. He now puts particular focus on the Oracle Database Appliance. Few DBAs are as well equipped as Alex Gorbachev to handle any kind of database scenario. Alex has architected and designed numerous successful database solutions addressing challenging business requirements. Alex is a respected figure in the Oracle world and a sought-after leader and speaker at Oracle conferences around the globe. He regularly publishes articles on the Pythian blog and runs online webinars. Alex is a member of the OakTable Network and an Oracle ACE Director. Today, Alex is working at The Pythian Group. He started at Pythian in Ottawa, leading a team of database experts before moving to Australia to embrace the challenges of setting up company business in the East Asia/Pacific region. Now he's back in Ottawa as Pythian's chief technology officer, continuing to bridge the gap between business and technology. The search for the perfect fit between technology, engineering talents, and business processes is what keeps him up at night. Niall Litchfield is a DBA of 15 years standing, with extensive experience running databases on various x86(64) platforms, and with a particular bias toward Microsoft Windows. Niall began professional life as a bean counter for KPMG and consequently is a DBA who respects auditors, mainly because they have to stand in unheated warehouses in the middle of winter watching other people count things, something he never wants to do again. His dad was a real engineer, crafting genuinely useful objects with fine tolerances, and that, coupled with an early experience in which he showed that the two competing macroeconomic theories of the time both explained actual behavior equally well, and that neither explained it adequately, rather explains his evidence-based approach to databases in general and performance tuning in particular. xvi

17 About the Authors Leighton Nelson is an Oracle Certified database administrator and is a Lead Oracle DBA at Mercy, Saint Louis. He has over ten years of experience working with Oracle database products and currently spends his time working on database management, performance tuning, high availability, and backup and recovery. Leighton is an active member of the Oracle community. He often speaks at regional conferences across the United States, including Oracle Open World and IOUG Collaborate. He currently serves as the Oracle RAC SIG US Events Chairperson and IOUG Liaison. In addition to his speaking engagements, Leighton shares his experience with working with various Oracle products by blogging at blogs.griddba.com and by tweeting at his twitter Leighton resides in Saint Louis, MO with his wife Kerrine and their four sons Casani, Brandon, Justin and Matthew. Pete Sharman is a Principal Product Manager with the Enterprise Manager product suite group in the Server Technologies Division at Oracle Corporation. He has worked with Oracle for the past 18 years in a variety of roles from Education to Consulting to Development, and has used Enterprise Manager since its 0.76 beta release. Pete is a member of the Oak Table Network, and has presented at conferences around the world from Oracle Open World (both in Australia and the US), RMOUG Training Days, the Hostsos Conference, Miracle Open World, and AUSOUG and NZOUG conferences. He has previously authored a book on how to pass the Oracle8i Database Administration exam for the Oracle Certified Professional program. He lives in Canberra, Australia, with his wife and three children. xvii

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19 About the Technical Reviewer Frits Hoogland is an IT professional specializing in Oracle database performance and internals. Frits frequently presents Oracle technical presentations in the Netherlands, United Kingdom, United States, and other countries. In 2009 he received an Oracle ACE award from the Oracle Technology Network and a year later became an Oracle ACE Director. In 2010 he joined the OakTable Network. In addition to developing his Oracle expertise, Frits works with MySQL, PostgreSQL, and modern operating systems. Frits currently works at VX Company in the Netherlands. xix