Vinyl Institute Presents. PVC Pipe Overview

Transcription

1 Vinyl Institute Presents PVC Pipe Overview

2 The Vinyl Institute is a trade organization founded in 1982 represents leading manufacturers of vinyl, vinyl chloride monomer, vinyl additives, and modifiers in the US Vinyl (PVC) world s most versatile plastic US industry employs over 350,000 highly skilled employees nearly 3,000 manufacturing facilities over 15 billion pounds of vinyl resin produced trade economic value of $54.4 billion

3 Vinyl: The World s Most Versatile Plastic Safe Durable Adaptable Natural resources friendly Recyclable Economical Resilient Corrosion Resistant Vinyl for Purpose Driven Sustainable Development

4 U.S. PVC Resin Consumption by Market 2015 ACC Resin Review

5 U.S. PVC Resin Consumption by Process in the Building and Construction Market 2015 ACC Resin Review

6 History of PVC PVC discovered by accident in late 1800 s found to be indestructible, yet impossible to mold or change into useful items Germany extruded the first PVC pipe in the early 1930 s at Troisdork and again in 1934 at Bitterfeld-Wolfen. in early 1960 s, major improvements in extrusion technology led to growth of PVC throughout 1960 s and 70 s, PVC compounds improved and manufacturing standards were created. A 2005 AWWARF Publication noted that North American PVC is the best in the world.

7 HISTORY TIMELINE FOR TYPE OF PIPE MATERIALS

8 Topics Introduction Manufacturing Myths about PVC Pressure Pipe Standards Installation Sewer Pipe LCA Standards Installation Conclusion

9 Manufacturing PVC resin is 50% ethylene and 50% chlorine PVC compound is created by the addition of stabilizers, lubricants, pigments and stiffners PVC compound is then formed into pipe using the process of EXTRUSION

10 Rail Cars Blending Plant Resin Silos Bell End Heaters Haul-Off Compound Storage Silos Hopper Chamfer & Cut-Off Saw Hydro Tester Cooling Troughs Die Extruder Outside Pipe Storage Bell Forming Quality Control

11 Topics Introduction Manufacturing Myths about PVC Pressure Pipe Standards Installation Sewer Pipe Standards Installation Conclusion

12 PVC Watermain Myths Joint Integrity Leaching of Chemicals from the Pipe Hydrocarbon Permeation Pipe Breaks

13 Joint Integrity ASTM D internal pressure tests, first at 50 % of rated pressure for 60 min, - then at 2.5 times the rated pressure for 60 min - The pressure then increased to 2.5 times rated to minimum short-term rupture - a vacuum of 75-kPa gage (22 in. Hg) for 1 h with no leakage while in the auxiliary deflected position AWWA C900 Pipe and integral bell are subject to 2 times pressure class Burst Test at 3.2 times PC 1000 hr test at 2.1 times PC

14 Quality Assurance Testing ASTM D3139 PRESSURE TEST

15 QA Testing AWWA C900 Pressure Test

16 Quality Assurance Testing 5 JOINT OFF SET

17 Leaching of Chemicals from the Pipe Phthalates BPA Vinyl Chlorine Monomer (VCM) Lead and Other Heavy Metals

18 NSF NSF 61 Standard for Potability NSF 14 Pressure & Potability Audit each plant 3 times/year Based in Ann Arbor, Michigan

19 Phthalates

20 Vinyl Chlorine Monomer (VCM)

21 Hydrocarbon Permeation 2008 AWWA Study PVC with min. flow (0.11gpm) will not exceed Benzene MCL in free product gasoline PVC impervious to gasoline and gasoline saturated solutions PVC impervious to dilute solutions of benzene, toluene, and TCE commonly encountered in the field SBR and NBR gaskets compatible with any level of gasoline in groundwater

22 Recycling of PVC Regrind is used in Manufacture Can use old pipes or scrap returned from job sites LEED PVC materials study

23 THE IMPORTANCE OF PIPE 60% of Utility Capital Investment

24 UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY Water Main Break Rates in USA and Canada: A Comprehensive Study Total of 188 survey respondents, representing 117,603 miles of pipe, or 10% of installed municipal capacity in the U.S. Creates a measurement to judge pipe performance and durability. Helps prudent decision-making as it relates to repairing and replacing underground pipes.

25 WATER MAIN BREAK STUDY KEY FINDINGS PVC pipe shown to have the lowest failure rate. Corrosion major cause of water main breaks for 75% of utilities. Average age of failing water mains is 47 years old. PVC pipe failures related to improper installation practices, not defect in pipe. Survey showed that 8.4% of pipe was beyond useful life.

26

27 LONGEVITY OF PVC PIPE AWWA Water Research Foundation study confirms life expectancy of PVC water pipe in excess of 110 years. - Long-Term Performance Prediction for PVC Pipes, Stewart Burn and Alan J. Whittle European tests on PVC water pipe excavated in Germany in 2004 determined PVC pipe s longevity at 170 years Years of Experience with PVC Pipes, Thomas Hülsmann and Reinhard E. Nowack

28 Topics Introduction Manufacturing Myths about PVC Pressure Pipe Standards Design and Installation Sewer Pipe Standards Installation LCA Conclusion

29 STANDARDS AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION (AWWA) Potable pressure pipe only AWWA C605 - PVC pipe installation standard AWWA C900-4-inch to 60-inch PVC pressure pipe + fab fittings AWWA C907 - Injection-molded PVC fittings AWWA C909 - Molecularly oriented polyvinyl chloride pressure pipe (PVCO) Standards only - no auditing or certifying CSA B137 Series

30 STANDARDS NATIONAL SANITATION FOUNDATION (NSF) NSF 61 Potability NSF 14 Product standards plus potability Unannounced audits of each plant annually Potability testing of PVC pipe since the mid-1960s

31 STANDARDS PRESSURE PIPE HISTORY ASTM D2241 published in 1964 AWWA C900 published in 1975 AWWA C905 published in 1988 ASTM C907 published in 1991 ASTM C909 published in 1998

32 PRESSURE PIPE BENEFITS D.C. WASA Longevity Durability Corrosion resistance Strength and flexibility Less maintenance Leak-free joints Smoother, lower friction surfaces Easier handling & installation Lower initial costs Lower life-cycle costs

33 INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONAL PUBLICATION UNI-PUB-9: Installation Guide For Gasketed- Joint PVC Pressure Pipe

34 INSTRUCTIONAL TOOLS AWWA DOCUMENTS AWWA C605 AWWA M23 MANUAL

35 OPEN VS CLOSED COMPETITION

36 SEWER FORCEMAIN BENEFITS Immunity to corrosion - PVC not affected by H 2 S gas PVC cyclic capabilities Ease of installation Color coded identification - green

37 Topics Introduction Manufacturing Myths about PVC Pressure Pipe Standards Installation Non-Pressure Pipe Standards Installation LCA Conclusion

38 SEWER PIPE STANDARDS

39 Trench Condition Load Producing Forces Shearing Forces Shearing Forces Rigid Pipe Flexible Pipe

40 Load on Rigid Pipe vs. Load on Flexible Pipe

41 Additional Loading

42 10-Year Deflection Tests Vertical Deflection with Additional Load 10.00% 9.00% 8.00% 7.00% 6.00% compacted road crush dumped road crush compacted loam Deflection (%) 5.00% 4.00% 3.00% 2.00% 1.00% 0.00% -1.00% -2.00% 2005/05/ /08/ /11/ /02/ /05/ /08/ /11/ /02/ /05/ /08/ /11/ /02/ /05/ /08/ /11/ /02/ /05/ /08/ /11/ /02/ /05/ /08/01 Date 2010/11/ /02/ /05/ /08/ /11/ /02/ /05/ /08/ /11/ /02/ /05/ /08/ /11/ /02/ /05/ /08/ /11/ /02/ /05/01

43 INSTALLATION GRAVITY INSTRUCTIONAL PUBLICATIONS UNI-PUB-6: Installation Guide For PVC Solid Wall PVC Sewer Pipe Chapters 10 and 12 of the Uni-Bell Handbook of PVC Pipe: Design and Construction

44 DESIGN PERFORMANCE LIMITS PVC SEWER PIPE Circumferential deflection - structural stability 60% deflection w/o cracking 30% reversal of curvature Installed deflection < 7.5% = SF = 4.0 Not damaged by sanitary sewer effluent Not subject to strain corrosion in acid/base environments Not affected by hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S)

45 Topics Introduction Manufacturing Myths about PVC Pressure Pipe Standards Installation Sewer Pipe LCA Standards Installation Conclusion

46 LCA Comparison of Pipe Materials Compares Pressure and Non-Pressure pipes year design life - GHG Emissions - Manufacturing and transportation - Recycle Content - Installation - Operations/Pumping energy

47 LCA Comparison of Pipe Materials

48 Topics Introduction Manufacturing Myths about PVC Pressure Pipe Standards Installation Sewer Pipe LCA Standards Installation Conclusion

49 RESOURCES

50 TECHNICAL BRIEFS Expansion Gaps for Gasketed PVC Pipe: Maximizing Joint Performance Backfill Requirements for PVC Pressure and Gravity Pipes

51 COMPARSION SHEET

52 THE HANDBOOK OF PVC PIPE LEADING INDUSTRY PUBLICATION JUST GOT BETTER 5th Edition now available Contains four new chapters completely up-to-date Three chapters available free-of-charge on website Hard copies available through Industrial Press

53 PVC PIPE ASSOCIATION WEBSITE YOUR INFORMATION RESOURCE

54 INSTALLATION GUIDES

55 TECHNICAL REPORTS

56 CASE STUDIES

57 AND FINALLY EXPERIENCE PVC Pressure & Sewer piping installed: Over 2 Million miles