STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF CONCRETE WITH WASHED BOTTOM ASH PARTIALLY REPLACED FOR FINE AGGREGATE

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1 International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 6, Issue 8, Aug 215, pp. 1-5, Article ID: IJCIET_6_8_1 Available online at ISSN Print: and ISSN Online: IAEME Publication STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF CONCRETE WITH WASHED BOTTOM ASH PARTIALLY REPLACED FOR FINE AGGREGATE Prasanna.V P.G. Student, Structural Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Sathyabama University, Tamilnadu, India A.Annadurai Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sathyabama University, Tamilnadu, India ABSTRACT This paper was investigated on the possibilities of using Washed Bottom Ash (WBA) and its influence in mechanical properties of concrete. The experiment was done on normal strength concrete with grade chosen as M25. In order to find mechanical properties such as Compression, Splitting tension and flexure, Cubes, Cylinders and Prisms were cast respectively. Washed Bottom Ash was partially replaced for fine aggregate in percentages of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% by weight. The usage of WBA on normal strength concrete was showed considerable improvement in compression and flexural properties. All tests and discussions are elaborated better. Key words: Washed Bottom Ash, Compression, Flexure Cite this Article: Prasanna.V and A.Annadurai. Strength Characteristics of Concrete with Washed Bottom Ash Partially Replaced For Fine Aggregate. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 6(8), 215, pp INTRODUCTION Concrete is the most extensively used material in structural areas across the world. Concrete constitutes binder material l (cement), aggregates and water for mixing. Out of the above, aggregates form the major constituent of more than 65% [1]. Power plants generate coal ash, which has become an important issue both in economical and environmental aspects. Traditional land fill option has become a environment hazard 1 editor@iaeme.com

2 Prasanna.V and A.Annadurai because of the large production rate. Large amount of Fly ash has already been used and being used in construction industries as a cement replacement material. Bottom ash is collected at the bottom of the furnace as coarse sand to fine gravel sized material. Basically, they are used as a structural fill in constructions [2]. The use of bottom ash in normal concreting is a new dimension and a great boon to the construction industry [4]. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW M.P.Kadam and Y.D.Patil [1] investigated on the usage of sieved coal bottom ash in varying percentages for M35 grade concrete resulting an increase in strength in a replacement of 2%. P.Sruthee and M.lalitha [2] studied experimentally on the flexural strength of concrete with replacement of bottom ash in 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% and concluded that their flexural strength increased by 8% when sand was replaced by bottom ash in about 3%.Ratchayut and Somnuk [3] investigated the properties of self-compacting concrete with fine aggregate replaced by bottom ash in percentages upto 3% out of which 1% proved to be optimum. P.Aggarwal and Y.Aggarwal [4] carried out experiments on the effects of use of bottom ash as replacement of fine aggregates. They concluded that workability decreased with addition of bottom ash due to increase in water demand. 3. EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM The materials that are used in this experimentation are explained better. A. Cement Ordinary Portland cement of grade 53based on IS 12269: 1987 was used as the binder material. The specific gravity of cement was found to be B. Coarse Aggregate Crushed angular granite of size 1mm- 2mm was used throughout the project as per IS 383:197.The specific gravity of coarse aggregate was found to be 2.67 and bulk density of 1554 Kg/m 3. Sieve analysis was done and fineness modulus was found to be 7.2. C. Fine aggregate Sieve analysis was done on fine river sand under the guidelines of IS 383: 197 and sand was categorized under Zone II, with a fineness modulus equal to The specific gravity was found to be 2.54 and Bulk density of Kg/m 3. D. Washed Bottom Ash In our case, Washed Bottom ash was obtained from thermal power plant, Chennai. It is a non-combustible material obtained as by-product at the bottom of the furnace. The physical and chemical properties of WBA is explained in the following Table editor@iaeme.com

3 Strength Characteristics of Concrete with Washed Bottom Ash Partially Replaced For Fine Aggregate Table 1- properties of WBA Physical properties Chemical properties % Color Whitish grey to Silica (SiO 2 ) 41 8 Blackish grey Bulk density 114 Kg/m 3 Alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) Specific gravity Ferric oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) Fineness modulus Calcium oxide (CaO) Magnesia (MgO) Loss of Ignition 3.5 E. Water Potable water as per the guidelines of IS 456:2 was used throughout the experiment. F. Casting details Casting was done with required materials in proper mix proportions. The mix proportions were calculated under the guidelines of IS 1262: 29. WBA was partially replaced for fine aggregate in percentages of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% by weight of fine aggregate. The specimens were prepared based on IS 516: Cubes of size 15mm x 15mm x 15mm, cylinders of height 3mm and diameter 15mm and prisms of size 1 mm x 1mm x 5mm were taken. Concrete were thoroughly mixed in dry state and then with calculated quantity of water. They are then poured into specimen and compacted in three layers and are removed from their moulds, 24 hours after casting. They are placed in fresh water curing tank and taken on the day of testing. The mix proportions of control mix are tabulated below in Table 2. Table 2 Control mix proportions Cement Fine aggregate Coarse aggregate WBA Water (liter/m 3 ) G. Testing Specimens were taken out of the curing tank on their 14 th and 28 th days for testing. The specimen to be tested was taken out from the curing tank and dried for about four hours. Its surface was cleaned for dust. Cubes and cylinders were tested on Compression testing machine and prisms were tested on flexure testing machine. Prisms were considered to be simply supported and loading setup was based on twopoint loading. The various results on 14 th day testing are tabulated below in Table 3 and 28 th day testing on Table editor@iaeme.com

4 Prasanna.V and A.Annadurai Table 3 Testing done on Mix ratio Compressive strength Split tensile strength Table 4 Testing done on Flexural strength Control mix Mix1 (1% WBA) Mix2 (2% WBA) Mix3 (3%WBA) Mix4 (4% WBA) Mix5 (5% WBA) Mix ratio Compressive strength Split tensile strength Flexural strength Control mix Mix1 (1% WBA) Mix2 (2% WBA) Mix3 (3% WBA) Mix4 (4% WBA) Mix5 (5% WBA) control mix mix 1 mix 2 mix 3 mix 4 mix 5 compressive strength Control mix mix 1 mix 2 mix 3 mix 4 mix 5 Split tensile strength 4 editor@iaeme.com

5 Strength Characteristics of Concrete with Washed Bottom Ash Partially Replaced For Fine Aggregate control mix mix 1 mix 2 mix 3 mix 4 mix 5 Flexural strength 4. DISCUSSIONS From the testing in compression, Washed Bottom Ash imparts both positive and negative effects on concrete. Addition of the above does not promote early strength when added more than 2% by weight. While coming to, it provides considerable strength when 1% WBA is replaced for sand. Regarding flexure, there is considerable increase in early strength but strength does not increase rapidly within of testing. 5. CONCLUSION The above investigation was concluded based on the test results obtained. The Washed Bottom Ash can be effectively added to normal strength concrete in small fractions between % and 2%. WBA has a great demand for water and hence, use of admixture is highly advisable. Further, investigations may be done for above parameters and specimen may be tested for 56 days and 9 days. REFERENCE [1] M.P.Kadam and Y.D.Patil, The effect of sieved coal bottom ash as a sand substitute on the properties of concrete with percentage variation in cement, American journal of Civil engineering and Architecture, Vol 2(5), 214, PP [2] Sruthee and M.Lalitha-Flexural behaviour of concrete using bottom ash as partial replacement of fine aggregate, International journal of advanced Scientific research and Technology, Vol 3, June 212, pp [3] RatchayutKasemchaisiri and SomnukTangtermsirikul, Properties of selfcompacting concrete incorporating bottom ash as a partial replacement of fine aggregate, Science Asia 34 (28): [4] Effect of Bottom ash as replacement of fine aggregate in concrete by P.Aggarwal, Asian Journal of Civil engineering, Vol 8, 21, pp [5] Mathiraja.C- Mechancial properties of concrete using bottom ash, manufacturing sand and metallic fibers, International journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology. 5 editor@iaeme.com