High Performance Gas-Filled Thermal Insulating Panels

Transcription

1 High Performance Gas-Filled Thermal Insulating Panels David W. Yarbrough, PhD, PE R&D Services, Inc. Doug Kinninger Fi-Foil Company Prepared for Symposium Environment, Energy Security & Sustainability May 12, 2011

2 Background Technologies introduced by U.S.D.O.E. to develop high thermal resistance insulations. Strategies Vacuum panels Aerogel (Nano-scale) Panels containing low-k gas

3 Insulation Design Considerations Vacuum Insulations: Eliminate gas-phase conduction- add support material such as fine powder of fibers. Nano-fibers: Reduce gas-phase conduction by interfering with molecular collisions. Low-k gas: Reduce gas-phase conduction and provide thermal shields.

4 Product Concept Using Low-k Trapped Gas

5 Design Considerations a. Inexpensive low-k gas to reduce gasphase conduction: argon, CO 2, mixtures b. Interior low-emittance shields (baffles) to reduce radiative transport c. Exterior low-emittance surfaces to introduce radiant barrier effects d. Sealing techniques to prevent leakage e. Material selection to address gas diffusion in or out of the panel. f. Material selection to facilitate bonding g. Cost

6 Low-Conductivity Gases Thermal 300 K SI IP Air (R*5.5) Argon Krypton (R*8.1) (R*15.3)

7 R-Values for Prototype Panels were Measured at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Gas Measured Predicted air argon krypton Thermal properties measured using ASTM C 518, the heat-flow meter apparatus. IP units for R (ft 2 h F/Btu)

8 Enclosed Gas with low-e Baffles Resulted in a Commercial Product 1. Initial products include air or argon 2. Low-emittance interior baffles to reduce radiative transport 3. Low-emittance exterior surfaces to provide additional reduction in radiative transport Low-emittance surfaces 0.03 to 0.05

9 GFP TO FIT JOIST SPACING

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11 GFP Installed in Test Module to Obtain Performance Data (Large Scale Climate Simulator)

12 Summer and Winter Conditions were Evaluated Summer Interior 70 F Roof 115 F Heat flow down Winter Interior 70 F Roof 25 F Heat flow up

13 System Description Exterior controlled air temperatures Roof sheathing Attic air space GPF panel with low emittance top surface (Attic radiant barrier) GFP with material R-value Layer of fibrous insulation Gypsum Interior conditioned space

14 LSCS Results for Air-Filled GFP down up Roof Deck Temp (F) Gypsum Temp (F) Overall R-value Batt Temp (F) Batt R-value GFP R-value Attic Air R-value RB Contribution

15 LSCS Results for Argon-Filled GFP Roof Deck T (F) Gypsum T (F) Overall R Batt T (F) Batt R GFP Resistance Attic Air R RB Contribution

16 Argon-Filled GFP (R=6.4) used in New York Power Authority Building

17 Selected Area in NYPA Building Behind steam radiators to reduce heat loss to the outside. The GFP were added to layers of fiberglass to form a hybrid insulation system. Sections of exterior walls above dropped ceilings (plenum section).

18 Installation of GFP Behind Radiators with a Thermal Shield

19 GFP Installed in Plenum above Dropped Ceiling

20 A Commercially Viable Product has been Developed DOE Research LBNL Concept Development and Patent License to Industry Design Manufacturing Facility Obtain Base Line Thermal Data Demonstrated Performance in Buildings Move to Potential Military Applications

21 Dan Nolan, Sabot 6, Inc., Energy Security for Enduring Operations,

22 BGen Robert Ruark, Assistant Deputy commandant, Installations and Logistics, 27 January 2010, Forward Operating Base Sustainment,

23 NTC Test Site November 2009 Brant Lagoon, Project lead NSRDEC, Presented to JOCOTAS 4 November 2009, Net Zero Plus JCTD: Evaluation of Energy Saving Technologies for Expeditionary Shelters,

24 TENT, EXTENDABLE, MODULAR, PERSONNEL (TEMPER) (ARMY

25 Air Cavity in a Shelter A-Sides of Attic C- 2 nd Roof Section B- Floor of Attic D- Slanted Walls E- End Section

26 GFP Multi-Panel Configuration

27 Crew Tent & Sleep Mat- Potential Applications

28 Estimated Energy Savings for Small Shelter- Summer R 5 insulation added to curved surface and ends Internal load 6826 Btu/hr Interior 77 F T outside air Total Load ( F) (KBtu/hr) No Insulation with R 5 % Saved Comment: Internal load is not affected by insulation.

29 Estimated Energy Savings for Small Shelter- Summer R 7 insulation added to curved surface and ends Internal load 6826 Btu/hr Interior 77 F T outside air Total Load ( F) (KBtu/hr) No Insulation with R 7 % Saved Comment: Internal load is not affected by insulation.

30 Estimated Energy Savings for Small Shelter- Winter R 5 insulation added to curved surface and ends Internal load 6826 Btu/hr Interior 68 F T outside air Total Load ( F) (KBtu/hr) No Insulation with R 5 % Saved Average 77%

31 Estimated Energy Savings for Small Shelter- Winter R 7 insulation added to curved surface and ends Internal load 6826 Btu/hr Interior 68 F T outside air Total Load ( F) (KBtu/hr) No Insulation with R 7 % Saved Average 86%

32 Estimated Savings for 24-Hour Use of Exemplar Tent Winter Savings based on temperature -20 F Summer savings based on temperature 110 F (using COP =2) Savings have been expressed as gal/day for one tent Added R Summer Winter

33 Reduction in Load from Adding Insulation % of Uninsulated Tent Load Added R Total Savings % saved at + R 8 % saved at + R 12 R 8 to R 12

34 Summary A new type of thermal insulation has been introduced. Base-line data for use in buildings has been obtained. GFP has been prototyped for use in military applications. Fuel savings have been estimated. Verification of estimates using field data is in progress.