MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH- DENSITY POLYETHYLENE FIBER CONCRETE

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1 International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 9, Issue 10, October 2018, pp , Article ID: IJCIET_09_10_034 Available online at ISSN Print: and ISSN Online: IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH- DENSITY POLYETHYLENE FIBER CONCRETE Afrah Abdulwahhab Jaber Alkraidi Lecturer, University of Kufa, Faculty of Engineering, Iraq. Rasha Abd Al-Redha Ghani Lecturer, University of Kufa, Faculty of Engineering, Iraq. Lec. Abdalabbas Hassan Kadhim Lecturer, University of Kufa, Faculty Administration and Economics College, Iraq Layth Abdulrasool Mahdi Alasadi Lecturer, University of Kufa, Faculty of Engineering, Iraq. ABSTRACT Fiber reinforced concrete is widely used in concrete structures, it has several benefits like increasing tensile, compressive, flexural strength and modulus of elasticity and also increases ductility and toughness of concrete. This research aims to improve the mechanical properties of concrete by using polyethylene fibers obtained from plastic cans, higher tensile and flexural strength obtained by using this type of fiber. This Polyethylene fiber is more durable than other types of fibers since it does not rust with time like steel fibers types. Compressive strength in this research increased from 37.4 MPa to 49.3 MPa, flexural strength increased from 3.5 MPa to 9.89 MPa, and tensile strength increased from 2.9 MPa to 5.1 MPa. Key words: Fiber Concrete, Compressive Strength, Polyethylene, Tensile Strength, Flexural Strength. Cite this Article: Afrah Abdulwahhab Jaber Alkraidi, Rasha Abd Al-Redha Ghani, Lec. Abdalabbas Hassan Kadhim, Layth Abdulrasool Mahdi Alasadi, Mechanical Properties of High-Density Polyethylene Fiber Concrete, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) 9(10), 2018, pp INTRODUCTION Fiber reinforced concrete is widely used in structures, because the concrete is a brittle material and it has very low tensile and flexural strength, thus fibers like steel or polyethylene or other types improve these mechanical properties and also improve ductility and impact strength [1, 2], some investigations study the effect of waste plastics fibers and the use of it cut like polypropylene fibers in shape and these investigations show little increment in compressive editor@iaeme.com

2 Mechanical Properties of High-Density Polyethylene Fiber Concrete strength (4%) and tensile strength (5.6%)but higher increment in flexural strength (about 59.8%) [ 3 ]. This research study different plastic fibers in shape, by using cut plastic cans in shapes like rectangular sheets with )8 mm * 15 mm( dimensions and thickness of 1.5 mm, these segments gives higher mechanical properties than the using of plastics in different shapes. 2. EXPERIMENTAL WORK 2.1. Materials Using cement type V in all mixes, fine and coarse aggregates confirms ASTM, C-33 [ 4], and the grading of coarse and fine aggregates shown in tables 1 and 2. The properties of High density plastics fibers shown in table 3, this fibers used as percentages of volume of concrete with ratios of 0%,0.5%, 1%, 1.5%,2%, 2.5%, 3%, and until 7%. Figure 1 shows the polyethylene fiber used in this research and tables (1,2,3 and 4) shows the properties of the material. Figure 1 High-Density Plastic Fibers. Table 1 Sieve Analysis of Fine Aggregates Used in The Study. Sieve size(mm, micron) % passing by weight ASTM - C33 standards,% Passing by weight 9.5 mm mm mm mm micron micron micron Table 2 Sieve Analysis of Coarse Aggregates Used in The Study Sieve size ( mm) % passing by weight ASTM- C33 standards, % Passing by weight editor@iaeme.com

3 Afrah Abdulwahhab Jaber Alkraidi, Rasha Abd Al-Redha Ghani, Lec. Abdalabbas Hassan Kadhim, Layth Abdulrasool Mahdi Alasadi Table 3 Properties of Polyethylene Fiber Used in Research. Polyethylene Fibers Properties Density Tensile Strength Tensile Elongation Thickness of Fibers Width*length 0.95 ram/cubin cm 38 MPa 650% 1.5 mm 8*15 mm(avg.) Table 4 Ingredients of Materials in 1 Cubic Meter Concrete Used as Reference Mix. Ingredients Cement Sand Gravel Water SPECIMENS AND TESTING PROCEDURE For compressive test, molds with )100*100*100(mm are used, cylinders with )100*200(mm used for testing tensile strength (splitting test), and beams with (100*100*400) mm used for flexural test, the flexural strength done according to British Standards (B.S-1881) as third point loading test [ 5 ]. Figure 2 shows the cubic specimen under testing for compressive strength, figure 3 shows the concrete cylinder under testing for splitting tensile test, figures 4 and 5 show the fiber concrete beam before and after testing for the flexural strength test. Figure 2: Compressive Strength Test of Fiber Concrete Cube Figure 3: Splitting Tensile Test for Fiber Concrete Cylinder. Figure 4: Fiber Concrete Beam Before Testing for Flexural Test.Figure 5: Fiber Concrete Beam Before Testing for Flexural Test editor@iaeme.com

4 Mechanical Properties of High-Density Polyethylene Fiber Concrete 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Table 5 shows the results of mechanical properties of concrete both reference mixes and reinforced concrete (fiber mixes). Figures 6, 7, and 8 show the relationship between plastic fibers percentages and compressive, tensile and flexural strength respectively. The compressive strength increased from 37.4 MPa for reference concrete mix to 49.3 MPa for concrete with 6% plastic fibers, and that can be attributed by the action of plastic fibers that reduce cracks propagation under loading [ 6], and that gives more time to resist increased loads, therefore leads to absorb more increased load and that gives higher values of compressive strength to concrete. Tensile strength increased also from 2.9 MPa to 5.18 MPa, and flexural strength increased from 3.5 to 9.89 MPa and those are very good increments, and that can be attributed to two different reasons, the first reason is about fibers that highly reduce the shrinkage cracking and also reduce the propagation of cracks and delay failure under tension forces [7, 8 ],and the second reason for improvement of tensile and flexural strength is by the property of plastic fibers used in study which it tensile strength equal to 38 MPa and that value make concrete resist more loading. The optimum value of fiber in this study was 6% more values of fibers reduce the mechanical properties slightly and that can be attributed to less arrangement and ball action of fibers that can lead to some cavities inside concrete that decrease the strength. Table 5 Mechanical Properties of Ordinary and Plastic Fibers Concrete. Mix Compressive Strength Mpa Tensile Strength Mpa Flexural Strength Mpa Reference mix % Polyethylene fiber % polyethylene fiber % Polyethylene fiber % Polyethylene fiber % Polyethylene fiber % Polyethylene fiber % Polyethylene fiber % Polyethylene fiber % Polyethylene fiber % Polyethylene fiber % Polyethylene fiber % Polyethylene fiber % Polyethylene fiber % Polyethylene fiber Compressive 30 Strength, MPa Polyethylene Fiber % Figure 6 Relationship between Compressive Strength and Polyethylene Fiber% editor@iaeme.com

5 Afrah Abdulwahhab Jaber Alkraidi, Rasha Abd Al-Redha Ghani, Lec. Abdalabbas Hassan Kadhim, Layth Abdulrasool Mahdi Alasadi Tensile Strength 3, MPa Polyethylene Fiber % Figure 7 Relationship between Tensile Strength and Polyethylene Fiber% Flexural 6 Strength, MPa Polyethylene Fiber % 5. CONCLUSIONS Figure 8 Relationship between Flexural Strength and Polyethylene Fiber % Compressive strength increased by using polyethylene fibers, it increased from 37.4 MPa to 49.3 MPa with a ratio of 6% fibers by volume of concrete and by adding more fibers, the compressive strength decreased, thus, the 6% is the optimum ratio of polyethylene fibers. Tensile strength also increased from 2.9MPa (for reference mixes) to 5.2 MPa (for 6% fibers) and also decreased by adding more polyethylene fibers. Flexural strength increased highly from 3.5 MPa to 9.9 MPa and failure of beams under two concentrated loads(third point loading), show ductile failure comparing with normal concrete which is failed by booking in two pieces directly. REFERENCES editor@iaeme.com

6 Mechanical Properties of High-Density Polyethylene Fiber Concrete [1] Kandasamy, R., fiber reinforced concrete using domestic waste plastics as fibers, ARPN Journal of engineering and applied sciences, vol6, no.3, March 2011,p.p: [2] Gadgihalli, V., analysis of properties of concrete using steel fibers as fiber reinforcement admixture, International Journal of research-granthaalayah, vol.5, issue 4, April 2017,p.p: [3] Sanjaykumar, B., Use of Plastic Fibers in the Concrete, SSRG International Journal of Civil Engineering, vol4, issue 11, November 2017,p.p 4-7. [4] ASTM, C 33-03, Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates, ASTM International, 2003, PA,USA, p.p 1-11 [5] B.S Part 118, Method for Determination of Flexural Strength for Concrete.BSI - standards for testing concrete, 1983, London, United Kingdom. [6] Thomas, J., Mechanical properties of steel fiber reinforced concrete, Jurnal of materials in civil engineering ASCE, May 2007, p.p [7] Alani, A., Mechanical properties of Fiber Reinforced Concrete A Comparative Experimental Study, International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, vol.7, no.9, 2013, p.p [8] Nam, J. and Kim, G., Effectiveness of fiber reinforcement on the mechanical properties and shrinkage cracking of recycled fine aggregate concrete, Materials journal ( ),2016, 9,131,p.p editor@iaeme.com