EXTERIOR WALLS. exterior wall systems, cladding w/ masonry. chapters SUBJECT

Transcription

1 SUBJECT EXTERIOR WALLS chapters exterior wall systems, cladding w/ masonry DATE SPRING 2014 PROFESSOR MONTGOMERY

2 CLADDING W/ MASONRY & PRE CAST CONCRETE

3 CLADDING W/ BRICK MASONRY

4 CLADDING W/ BRICK MASONRY

5 CLADDING W/ MASONRY & PRE CAST CONCRETE

6 CLADDING W/ MASONRY & CONCRETE

7 this week objective: overview of the design considerations of exterior wall systems. overview of detailing and technical issues involved with the application of a masonry cladding on a steel or concrete frame structure. primary functions of exterior walls secondary functions of exterior walls basic concepts: load bearing versus cladding/curtain walls cladding in masonry: the shelf angle cladding in masonry: brick, stone, and pre cast concrete veneer and backup walls

8 DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS first impressions

9 PRIMARY FUNCTIONS OF AN EXTERIOR WALL:! 1. KEEP WATER OUT 2. PREVENT AIR LEAKAGE 3. CONTROL LIGHT 4. CONTROL RADIATION OF HEAT 5. CONTROL CONDUCTION OF HEAT 6. CONTROL SOUND DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS primary functions

10 SECONDARY FUNCTIONS OF AN EXTERIOR WALL:! 7. RESIST WIND LOADS 8. CONTROL WATER VAPOR 9. ADJUST TO MOVEMENT 10.RESIST FIRE 11.WEATHER GRACEFULLY 12.EASY TO INSTALL DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS secondary functions

11 PRIMARY FUNCTIONS OF AN EXTERIOR WALL:! 1. KEEP WATER OUT 2. PREVENT AIR LEAKAGE 3. CONTROL LIGHT 4. CONTROL RADIATION OF HEAT 5. CONTROL CONDUCTION OF HEAT 6. CONTROL SOUND DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS primary functions

12 SECONDARY FUNCTIONS OF AN EXTERIOR WALL:! 7. RESIST WIND LOADS 8. CONTROL WATER VAPOR 9. ADJUST TO MOVEMENT 10.RESIST FIRE 11.WEATHER GRACEFULLY 12.EASY TO INSTALL DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS secondary functions

13 SECONDARY FUNCTIONS OF AN EXTERIOR WALL:! 7. RESIST WIND LOADS 8. CONTROL WATER VAPOR 9. ADJUST TO MOVEMENT 10.RESIST FIRE 11.WEATHER GRACEFULLY 12.EASY TO INSTALL DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS secondary functions

14 !! 7. RESIST WIND LOADS 8. CONTROL WATER VAPOR 9.ADJUST TO MOVEMENT 10.RESIST FIRE 11.WEATHER GRACEFULLY 12.EASY TO INSTALL DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS secondary functions

15 BARRIER WALL RAINSCREEN DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS two strategies

16 DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS rainscreen

17 DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS rainscreen

18 DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS rainscreen

19 DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS joints

20 DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS air barrier

21 LOAD BEARING WALLS CLADDING + CURTAIN WALLS!! MASONRY UNITS SUPPORT UNITS ABOVE FROM FOUNDATION TO ROOF EXTERIOR WALL IS SUPPORTED AT STORY OF THE BUILDING BY THE FRAME BEHIND!! WALL CARRIES SOME LOAD OF THE FLOOR LOADS WALL CARRIES NO LOADS OTHER THAN FORCES ACTING ON THAT PARTICULAR PANEL DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS basic concepts

22 CLADDING A FRAME frame construction

23 SHELF ANGLE CMU BACK UP WALL CONCRETE FRAME BRICK VENEER WALL CMU BACK UP WALL CLADDING W/ MASONRY ANCHOR FOR SHELF ANGLE ALLOWS FOR ADJUSTMENT shelf angle

24 STEEL SPANDREL BEAMS INSTALLED W/ PLATES FOR INSTALLATION OF STEEL ANGLE TO SUPPORT BRICK VENEER CLADDING W/ MASONRY shelf angle

25 CONCRETE OR STEEL FRAME SUPPORTS BACK UP WALL. SHELF ANGLES TO SUPPORT BRICK VENEER CLADDING W/ MASONRY shelf angle

26 SHELF ANGLE CONNECTIONS PLACED IN SLAB FORMWORK PRIOR TO POUR BUILDING PAPER/ FLASHING LAID OVER FIRST CMU COURSE CMU BACK UP WALL LAID FLUSH W/ SLAB EDGE CLADDING W/ MASONRY back up wall

27 SHELF ANGLE IS HUNG FROM FACE OF CONCRETE SLAB W/ ADJUSTABLE CONNECTIONS STAINLESS STEEL MASONRY TIES SET INTO CMU JOINTS AS BACKUP WALL IS LAID UP CLADDING W/ MASONRY shelf angle + back up wall

28 STEEL STUD BACK UP WALL SHELF ANGLES CMU BACK UP WALL FOR STONE VENEER CLADDING W/ MASONRY back up wall

29 CONCRETE FRAME CMU BACK UP WALL SHELF ANGLE BRICK VENEER WALL CLADDING W/ MASONRY composite walls

30 CLADDING W/ MASONRY composite wall

31 CAVITY KEEPS WATER OUT MEMBRANE PREVENTS AIR LEAKAGE MASS + CAVITY CONTROL SOUND CAVITY REDUCES CONDUCTION OF HEAT CLADDING W/ MASONRY composite wall

32 MEMBRANE CONTROLS WATER VAPOR (WARM SIDE) REINFORCED CMU RESISTS WIND LOADS MASONRY RESISTS FIRE STEEL TIES PROVIDE LATERAL SUPPORT TO VENEER CLADDING W/ MASONRY composite wall

33 R-VALUE: MEASURE OF THERMAL RESISTANCE! HIGH R VALUE = GOOD THERMAL RESISTANCE = HIGHER PERFORMANCE! MOST BUILDING MATERIALS HAVE A LISTED R-VALUE RESULTING FROM LAB TESTS THERMAL INSULATION Professor Montgomery thermal resistance

34 U-VALUE: MEASURE OF THERMAL TRANSMITTANCE (OVERALL HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT)! LOW U VALUE = REDUCED THERMAL TRANSFER = HIGHER PERFORMANCE! SOME BUILDING ELEMENTS LIKE WINDOWS ARE JUDGED BY U-VALUE RATHER THAN R-VALUE THERMAL INSULATION Professor Montgomery thermal transmittance

35 U = 1 / R THERMAL INSULATION Professor Montgomery relationship b/w R and U

36 rigid styrofoam insulation THERMAL INSULATION Professor Montgomery batt fiber glass insulation insulation materials

37 THERMAL INSULATION Professor Montgomery insulation materials

38 THERMAL INSULATION Professor Montgomery R-value of an assembly

39 MEASURING THE LOCATION OF THE DEW POINT IN A WALL ASSEMBLY.! THE DEW POINT IS:! THE POINT AT WHICH THE AIR IN THE WALL WILL REACH A TEMPERATURE WHERE IT CAN NO LONGER HOLD THE WATER VAPOR AS A GAS. THE WATER VAPOR WILL CONDENSE, TRANSFORMING TO A LIQUID THERMAL + MOISTURE PERFORMANCE Professor Montgomery dew point

40 THERMAL + MOISTURE PERFORMANCE Professor Montgomery condensation

41 A VAPOR RETARDER PREVENTS WARM MOIST AIR FROM CONTACTING COLD AIR, THUS PREVENTING CONDENSATION. THERMAL + MOISTURE PERFORMANCE Professor Montgomery vapor retarder

42 VAPOR RETARDER RULE OF THUMB:! ALWAYS PLACE VAPOR RETARDER ON THE WARM SIDE OF THE INSULATION THERMAL + MOISTURE PERFORMANCE Professor Montgomery vapor retarder

43 CLADDING W/ MASONRY sequence of construction

44 CLADDING W/ MASONRY sequence of construction

45 CLADDING W/ MASONRY sequence of construction

46 CLADDING W/ MASONRY sequence of construction

47 CLADDING W/ MASONRY sequence of construction

48 MORTAR JOINTS WITHIN THE BRICK PANEL SOFT JOINTS AT SHELF ANGLES CLADDING W/ MASONRY brick veneer

49 SOFT JOINTS ALLOW STONE MOVEMENT CLADDING W/ MASONRY stone veneer

50 BACK UP CMU WALL SHELF ANGLE PRE CAST CONCRETE PANELS CLADDING W/ MASONRY pre cast concrete veneer

51 CLADDING W/ MASONRY pre cast concrete veneer

52 CLADDING W/ MASONRY + METAL panel construction

53 CLADDING W/ MASONRY + METAL panel construction

54 CLADDING W/ MASONRY + METAL panel construction

55 CLADDING W/ MASONRY + METAL panel construction

56 CLADDING W/ MASONRY + METAL panel construction

57 CLADDING W/ MASONRY + METAL panel construction

58 CLADDING W/ MASONRY + METAL panel construction

59 CLADDING W/ MASONRY + METAL panel construction

60 CLADDING W/ MASONRY covering the frame

61 CLADDING W/ MASONRY + METAL panel construction

62 wrap up MASONRY CLADDING ENDOWS MODERN BUILDINGS WITH A SENSE OF PERMANENCE AND SOLIDITY. the relationship of the cladding and the structural framing must be carefully considered and detailed. movement and water penetration are significant issues for this type of construction craftsmanship is required to avoid visual and technical weaknesses. importance of a strategy for the staging of materials and the sequence of construction durability/longevity of cladding system is a challenge