EARTHQUAKE DISASTER PREVENTION AND REQUIRED PERFORMANCE OF RAILWAY FACILITIES IN JAPAN

Transcription

1 EARTHQUAKE DISASTER PREVENTION AND REQUIRED PERFORMANCE OF RAILWAY FACILITIES IN JAPAN Atsushi Hayashi / Yoshihiko Ito / Kazuki Ishikawa EAST JAPAN RAILWAY COMPANY Tokyo, JAPAN

2 Introduction New Shinagawa sta. Derailment of Shinkansen (Chuetsu Earthquake) Tokyo Central sta. Shinjuku sta. at Great East Japan Earthquake (Photo by asahi.com) Sendai sta. (Great East Japan Earthquake) New Shinkansen (Arpha-X) Rikuchu-Yamada sta. (Great East Japan Earthquake) 1 Introduction 2

3 Earthquake detection system Japan Metrological Agency Early earthquake warning system for conventional line Monitoring terminal Communication network Early earthquake disaster prevention system for Shinkansen Inland seismometer Communication server for Earthquake Early Warning Communication server for COSMOS Relay server Rail line seismometer Coastal seismometer Signal of Power failure Signal of Power failure Signal of Power failure Substation Substation 2 Measures for emergency stop of trains 3

4 Processing flow of Primary wave alarm Earthquake Alarm output occurrence Detection of P-wave Estimation of distance to epicenter, magnitude enter, magnitude Determination of damage Alarm output 2 Measures for emergency stop of trains 4

5 Planning of a high-rise building Eaves height Another structure A N Exp. J 198m Y X Site Plan High-rise area ( 180meters) Another structure 178m High-rise area Narrow width in span direction Large aspect ratio Existing substructures on both sides Large cantilever structures to the railway side Underground box supported a part of the cantilever structures Rail level Viaduct Portal frame Underground box (exisiting) RC continuous underground walls (27m depth) 26m A-Section G.L. Shopping malls (exisiting) foundation slab 4 Planning of high-rise building at terminal station 5

6 Planning of a high-rise building Eaves height above underground box B Exp. J C 150m Exp. J High-rise building ( 130meters) Low-rise building ( 60meters) Eaves height Exp. J Another structure 130m Overhang to railway side Site Plan 60m Rail level G.L. Rail level foundation High-rise building slab (B-section) G.L. foundation slab Low-rise building (C-section) Weight eccentricity of the highrise building became small. Aspect ratio became 6 or less. 4 Planning of high-rise building at terminal station 6

7 Image of temporary staying place in the station Restrooms are released Public phones are released Information such as the earthquake disaster situation and driving situation is provided Temporary staying places are released at station 4 Planning of high-rise building at terminal station 7

8 Tokyo station Marunouchi building Original Construction (1914) Burned down Building (1945) Temporary restored form 5 Earthquake disaster prevention of a historic station building 8

9 Typical Steel Structure Frame Structural bricks were piled up around the steel structural frames. 5 Earthquake disaster prevention of a historic station building 9

10 中心線 Seismic isolation system (Location) Above ground Underground station Underground B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 Marunouchi Building (Brick walls) RFL 3FL 1FL B1FL B2FL 2FL Newly construced Viaduct (east side) Seismic 14, , 000 A B C isolation layer F3 F2 F1 Target performance (in moderate earthquakes) Cracks do not occur on the brick wall. (in largest earthquake) Cracks are allowed to occur on the brick walls, but the building can be used without major repairs. 5 Earthquake disaster prevention of a historic station building 10

11 Layout of seismic isolation system 352 Seismic isolators: 336 Lead Rubber Bearings (φ400~700) 8 Rubber Bearings (φ500~600) 8 Elastic Sliding Bearings 158 Oil dampers (735kN) Seismic isolators Oil dampers 5 Earthquake disaster prevention of a historic station building 11

12 Conclusion In this paper, recent trends of earthquake countermeasures in buildings of railway facilities in Japan were mainly described. Natural disasters such as earthquakes can sometimes exceed the level assumed in advance. It is very important to incorporate specific requirements regarding safety and restorability in the design conditions as much as possible. It is desirable to observe these processes and develop more rational methods through further technical innovation. That's the end of my presentation. Thank you for listening. 12