Building and Inspection Services Building Codes

Transcription

1 Building and Inspection Services Building Codes Scott Ford, Manager Building Safety Codes October 2015

2 Presentation Team - Wayne Olsen, Safety Codes Officer, Field Supervisor - Annie Arsenault, Safety Codes Officer, Operations Supervisor - Fred Cornelssen, Building Safety Codes Officer Level III - Mike Ferguson, Building Safety Codes Officer Level I November 26, 2

3 Major Topics (Modules) Introduction and Administration Combustible Penetrations Smoke/CO Alarm and Exit Signs Soil Gas Control Secondary Suites Spatial Separations Stairs, Ramps, Handrails and Guards Windows, Doors, Skylights and Sealants Other Part 9 changes

4 Building and Inspection Services Building Codes Wayne Olsen Building SCO, Supervisor October 2015

5 Origins of Code Changes More harmonization with National Building Code Majority of changes are based on new provisions in the 2010 National Building Code Few Alberta-specific changes Some changes based on the 2015 National Building Code

6 Timelines for the Alberta Codes 6

7 Fire and Smoke Alarms New: temporal pattern for smoke alarms

8 Alberta Safety Codes 2006 Each floor level 900 mm or more above or below adjacent Either inside, or with 5 m of bedroom Max distant apart 15 m Interconnection of smoke alarm with secondary suite 2014 Each sleeping unit Ancillary, common spaces not in dwelling unit in a house with secondary suite Interconnection of smoke alarm with secondary suite

9 Location of Smoke Alarms New: smoke alarm required ( ): In each sleeping room On each storey, including a basement In a hallway or location outside sleeping room

10 Floor Levels Requiring a Smoke Alarm Clarification: a smoke alarm is not required on floor levels not counted as a storey and not having a bedroom. Figure A (1)

11 Power Supply for Smoke Alarms New: smoke alarms now require a battery as an alternative power source. The battery must provide power: 7 days in normal condition (ready mode) Followed by 4 minutes of alarm

12 Silencing of Smoke Alarms New: smoke alarms in a dwelling unit require a silencing button. Silencing period not more than 10 minutes New: smoke detectors that function as smoke alarms in suites are not required to have a silencing button.

13 CO Alarm 2006 Fuel-Burning appliance Storage garage In bedroom or outside within 5 m 2014 CO alarm must be interconnected with secondary suite including common spaces to sound b) Service Room No other changes

14 CO Alarm Requirements ( ) New: CO alarms in a house with a secondary suite must be interconnected Clarified: location of CO alarms Install as per manufacturer s instructions when a location is prescribed If no location is prescribed, install on or near the ceiling

15 QUESTIONS? November 26, 15

16 Secondary Suites In the 2006 ABC, secondary suite requirements are in Section In the 2014 ABC, secondary suite requirements are dispersed throughout, based on the relevant subject matter

17 Secondary Suites Height of Rooms and Spaces Ceiling height not less than 1.95 m 1.85 m minimum clear ceiling height under beams and ducting (3) Exceptions to doorway height 1.89 m (2) and (3) to accommodate lower ceilings 1.85 m minimum clear height over stairs, under beams and ducting (4)

18 Secondary Suites Smoke-tight Barriers The concept of a smoke-tight barrier applies to occupancy separations in a secondary suite (1)(b) A smoke-tight barrier separation is permitted instead of a 45 minute fire separation (4)

19 Secondary Suites mm gypsum board or equivalent material mm thick gypsum board only

20 Secondary Suites Smoke-tight Barrier Construction Walls: 12.7 mm gypsum boards on both sides Floor, ceiling: 12.7 mm gypsum on the underside Smoke-tight barriers must be continuous Joints, gaps, abutments sealed with sealant or tape to maintain continuity Gypsum joints finished

21 Secondary Suites Doors in a Smoke-tight Barrier Solid-core wood at least 45 mm thick (2)(a) Weatherstripped Self-closing device required (2)(b)

22 Secondary Suites Shared Means of Egress (2) A house with a secondary suite must have a shared exit protected by a smoke-tight barrier installed on: Both sides of separation walls Underside of separation floor-ceiling framing

23 Secondary Suites Protection of Openings near a Single Means of Egress A house with a secondary suite and a single (only) means of egress (open exterior stair or ramp) must have openings near that egress protected (1) All these windows require wired glass in steel frames, or glass blocks.

24 Secondary Suites Other Requirements??? Equivalent to dwellings (exemptions): Ancillary rooms may open into an exit (1) Obstruction of doors opening into exits ( (4) Door swing in direction of exit travel (1) Nearness of doors to stairs (1) Door release hardware operability (2) Effort required to open exit doors (1) Two separate exits (1) FRR for floors of exterior passages (3) except doors serving a single dwelling unit or secondary suite

25 Windows Opening into a Window Well Revised: minimum of 760 mm clearance is required in front of designated escape windows opening into a window well ( )

26 Secondary Suites Exterior Walls Meeting at an Angle 1.2 m horizontal separation required where exterior walls meet at an angle of 135 degrees or less (1)(b) Exterior wall to be finished with 12.7 mm gypsum extending 1.2 m in each compartment (3)

27 Secondary Suites Fire Protection for Structural Components (2) Structural members supporting separating floors must be protected by 12.7 mm gypsum board including: Framed walls, columns and arches Steel walls, columns and beams Loadbearing

28 Secondary Suites Ventilation New: shared common spaces are not required to be provided with heating-season ventilation (3) New Appendix note: ventilation systems in a house with a secondary suite must be separate and independent; this is necessary for fire safety (smoke control) A (2)

29 Secondary Suites Heating Interconnection of air-duct systems is specifically prohibited (3) 18 C indoor design temperature of common spaces (1)(c) A single heating system requires temperature controls in each dwelling unit (1) Mechanical ventilation system 12 C when introduced into occupies areas.

30 Clearances 1 m (39 ) clearance in from of electrical panel 600 mm (24 ) in front of HWT, Furnace, Tankless

31 Exit Signs New: internationally-recognized ISO universal standards adopted Green running man and contrasting directional arrow

32 Illumination of Exit Signs New: photoluminescent (glow-in-the-dark) exit signs are now permitted: Must comply with CAN/ULC-S572 External light source required to charge the sign Dedicated electrical circuit is required for illumination

33 QUESTIONS? November 26, 33

34 Cooktop The defined term range has been replaced by the term cooktop. Cooktop is a cooking surface having one or more burners or heating elements. Range top fan has been replaced by cooking exhaust fan. Vertical Clearance above cooktops 600 mm Standata 06-BCI-024 OTR Microwaves manufacturers specifications.

35 Fire- and Sound-resistance Ratings Additional assemblies added to Table A. and Table B. Fingerjoined structural lumber permitted if heatresistant adhesive is used I-joists require phenolic-based adhesive if required to have an FRR Fasteners in fire-rated assemblies must be nails or screws (adhesive not permitted)

36 Other Changes Asphalt Shingles New: pre-manufactured starter strips with edge sealant are acceptable (2)(c)

37 Part 7 Changes Scope and Reorganization Part 7 revised to harmonize with the NBC and to avoid conflict with other regulations Now Section 9.31 Plumbing Facilities

38 QUESTIONS? November 26, 38

39 Alberta Building Code berta_building_code.html

40 Building and Inspection Services Building Codes Annie Arsenault Building SCO, Operations Supervisor October 2015

41 Fire Protection ABC mid-cycle code change (in 2009) preadopted many of the fire protection changes that were at the time under consideration for the NBC The 2014 ABC harmonizes with the final NBC requirements Relevant Building Code Sections Spatial Separations Between Buildings Spatial Separations Between Houses

42 Fire Protection Unprotected Openings Bedroom egress windows (.35 m 2 unobstructed opening): Not required to comply with 2 m horizontal or vertical separation from other unprotected openings

43 Fire Protection Unprotected Openings Horizontal and vertical separation requirements apply when unprotected openings serve a single room or space A single room or space means not separated by at least a 1.5 m interior wall, or on the same storey

44 Fire Protection Individual Concentrated Unprotected Openings Maximum area of unprotected openings for a LD up to 2m Section Not required to comply with maximum aggregate area of unprotected openings assuming the area doesn t exceed table/ formula Section (no change) Still limited to not exceed 50% of the maximum allowable aggregate area of glazed openings determined November 26, 44

45 Fire Protection Unprotected Openings (3) A new formula can now be used to calculate the maximum area of an individual unprotected opening (where the limiting distance is 2 m or less) Area = 0.24(2 x LD 1.2) 2 where Area = area of the unprotected opening LD = limiting distance November 26, 45

46 Fire Protection Minor Combustible Cladding Elements Examples of permitted minor combustible cladding elements have been added to the Appendix note A (1), including: Door and window trim Some decorative elements

47 Fire Protection Cladding on Exposing Building Face New option for acceptance of combustible cladding when 25% to 50% unprotected openings are permitted:

48 Fire Protection Construction of Exposing Building Faces Metal cladding is now an acceptable solution when the LD is less than.6 m provided: installed in accordance with installed over 12.7 mm gypsum or masonry FSR does not exceed 25 and maximum 2 mm thickness

49 Fire Protection Spatial Separations The same relaxations in (houses) for accessory buildings on the same property have been added to (buildings) for consistency:

50 Fire Protection Exposing Building Faces of Houses New: if the LD is 2 m or less, the face cannot be divided into portions to calculate the area of exposing building face

51 Fire Protection Roof Soffit Projections Revised wording includes centre line of lane, and imaginary line between buildings Acceptable solutions for protection include:.38 mm thick sheet steel unvented aluminum soffit material 12.7 mm gypsum ceiling or soffit board 11 mm thick plywood 12.5 mm thick OSB or waferboard 11 mm thick lumber

52 Fire Protection Roof Soffit Projections Soffit protection can be covered by combustible material (combustible construction) November 26, 52

53 QUESTIONS? November 26, 53

54 Building and Inspection Services Building Codes Mike Ferguson Building SCO Level I October 2015

55 Stairs, Ramps, Handrails, Landings and Guards in Garages ( ) A garage serving a dwelling unit is considered part of the dwelling unit. Dwelling-unit requirements apply for stairs, ramps, landings, handrails and guards in the garage.

56 Stair Widths Non-residential Part 9 stairs may need to be wider than 900 mm based on the occupant load limits in Table Example: 600 m 2 Group D building 600m 2 divided by 4.60 (area per person) = 130 occupant load x 8 mm per person = mm minimum stair exit width

57 Clear Height over Stairs Clear height is now used consistently throughout the code mm clear height over stairs now applies in Part 9 and Part 3. Appendix note illustrates clear height and clear width concepts.

58 Stair Uniformity and Tolerances Revised for more consistency with other codes and standards Part 9 and Part 3 requirements now the same Tolerances: 5 mm rise between adjacent surfaces 10 mm rise between tallest and shortest in a flight 5 mm run between adjacent surfaces 10 mm run between deepest and shallowest in a flight

59 Stair Tread Slope Tolerances (5) The maximum slope of treads is now 1-in-50 (formerly 1 in 100) This tolerance now applies to slope in all planes of direction and not just cross-slope

60 Service Room Stairs Service room stairs in Part 9 buildings no longer need to comply with rise and run requirements. The requirements were deleted for consistency with Part 3 s service stairs.

61 Public Stair Dimensions Part 9 public stair dimensions have been revised for consistency with Part 3 public stairs Rise: max. 180 mm (formerly 200 mm) Run: no limit (formerly 350 mm max.) Tread depth: min. 280 mm (formerly 230 mm run, 250 mm depth) Changes result in longer total stair runs.

62 Tread Nosings mm to 13 mm bevelled edge (3 mm if covered with resilient material)

63 Ramp Width Ramp widths in part 9 have to be a minimum of 900mm and were permitted to have protrusions of 100mm on each side. This could reduce the clear width to 700mm. Ramps are now required to be a minimum clear width of 870mm or 8mm per person based on the occupant load limit in table November 26, 63

64 Ramp Clearances 870 mm clear width (residential) 870 mm or 8 mm x OL (non-residential) 1950 mm clear height (dwellings) 2050 mm clear height (non-dwellings)

65 Landings Maximum slope 1-in-50 Landing not required at secondary entrance (house or garage) 3 risers maximum Door swings away from stairs

66 Handrails New Table Stairs or ramps required to be > 2200 mm wide must have an intermediate handrail Handrail now required on a ramp with a slope of less than 1-in-12 (previously exempt) Handrail height now minimum 865 mm (previously 800 mm)

67 Climbable Guards 450 mm separation between protrusions

68 Climbable Guards Horizontal offset of 15 mm or less

69 Climbable Guards Spaces too small to facilitate climbing

70 Climbable Guards Slope of protrusions too steep to facilitate climbing

71 QUESTIONS? November 26, 71

72 Building and Inspection Services Building Codes Fred Cornelssen Building SCO Level III October 2015

73 Fire Block Fire block means a material, component or system that restricts the spread of fire within a concealed space or form a concealed space to adjacent space. Fire stop means a system consisting of a material, component and mean of support used to fill gaps between fire separations or between fire separations and other assemblies, or used around items that wholly or partially penetrate a fire separation. 73

74 Combustible Penetrations New defined term: Fire block: material, component, or system that restricts the spread of fire within a concealed space

75 Combustible Penetrations 75

76 Combustible Penetrations New defined term: Fire stop: components used to fill gaps between fire separations

77 Penetrations Appendix note expanded Membrane Penetration usually designates an opening made through one side (wall, Floor or ceiling membrane of an assembly, whereas the term through penetration designates an opening that passes through an entire assembly. 77

78 Fire Separation 78

79 Fire Protection 79

80 Combustible Penetrations Clarification of through-penetrations and membrane-penetrations Firewall penetrations require a firestop with FT rating not less than the FRR of the separation Single conductor metal sheathed cables permitted Not grouped At least 300 mm separation

81 Combustible Penetrations Water distribution piping penetration requires an F-stop with an F rating not less than the FRR of the fire separation Sprinkler heads with a metal escutcheon plate need not be firestopped Fire dampers need not be firestopped if they: Comply with NFPA 80, or Are designed with a firestop

82 QUESTIONS? November 26, 82

83 Soil Gas Control Radon Radon has been identified as the 2 nd leading cause of lung cancer Health Canada has lowered the acceptable radon exposure limits

84 Sources of Radon Virtually all soils, rock, groundwater, well water, also concrete, brick, tiles, gyproc, granite If radon enters a building, it can accumulate to levels risky to health

85 Soil Gas Control Soil Gas Control Principles: Install a rough-in radon mitigation system during construction Seal all below-grade air leakage points Test for radon after building occupancy Complete the installation of a radon mitigation system if the 200 Bq/m³ action level is exceeded

86 Radon Testing Radon-testing collector placed in the lowest occupied level for 3 months (minimum) Test kits are inexpensive and available at many retailers Collector is sent to a testing laboratory after the test period for results

87 Protection from Soil Gas Ingress Wall, roof and floor assemblies that separate the interior from the ground require an air barrier (1) All joints and penetrations must be sealed

88 Protection from Soil Gas Ingress Floor Slabs Floor slabs require an air barrier (typically polyethylene) lapped and perimeter sealed All floor penetrations must be sealed including the perimeter and interior of hollow columns and floor drains (e.g., recharging trap)

89 Rough-in Depressurization System A rough-in for a subfloor depressurization system is required: Performance option: gas-permeable depressurization layer, a depressurization inlet and an outlet for connecting to depressurization equipment Prescriptive option: clean granular material and a radon-removal outlet pipe

90 Prescriptive Subfloor Depressurization System Rough-in 100 mm clean granular fill 100 mm diameter pipe near centre of floor slab 100 mm granular material around and under the terminus Airtight cap labelled

91 Granular Fill The 2006 exemption for granular fill has been deleted The only exemptions for granular fill under floors on ground are: Garages, carports, accessory buildings, occupancies with large openings to the exterior Granular fill is required as a necessary component of a rough-in soil gas mitigation system

92 Granular Fill 100 mm of coarse clean granular material of which 10% or less passes through a 4 mm sieve

93 Soil Gas Control Large Buildings Part 5 now requires that buildings are designed to minimize radon ingress to keep indoor radon at an acceptable level (1)(e) Part 6 requires soil gas control be provided in accordance with good engineering practice such as EPA 625/R-92/016, Radon Prevention in the Design and Construction of Schools and Other Large Buildings (1)(i)

94 RADON GUARD TM HOW DOES IT WORK? STRUCTURAL UNDERSLAB VENTILATION PANELS Ventilation Insulation Value Capillary Break Structural TERRA VENT SYSTEMS INC.

95 QUESTIONS? November 26, 95

96 Sealants The term sealant replaces the term caulking throughout the code New sealant reference standards (2) New backer rod reference standard (3)

97 Sealants New Appendix note A (1) to aid in proper sealant installation: Improper preparation and deficient installation cause most failures References ASTM guidelines for sealant use, selection and movement and other effects Importance of manufacturer s recommended procedures and materials

98 Windows, Doors, Skylights New reference standards for harmonization of North American requirements A440 NAFS CSA A440S (Canadian Supplement) In addition to windows, these standards cover skylights, glass doors, entry door, and tubular daylighting devices numerous reference standards from 2006 deleted

99 Windows, Doors, Skylights Performance values must be indicated on a performance label affixed to each product for: Structural resistance Water penetration resistance Air leakage resistance

100 Windows, Doors, Skylights Performance class must be appropriate for the conditions and geographic location as per the Canadian supplement CSA A440S1: R: typically one- and two-family dwellings LC: low- and mid-rise multi-family dwellings CW: mid- and high-rise with increased loading AW: mid- and high-rise with extreme loading

101 Tubular Daylighting Devices (TDD) Skylights are considered to be TDDs

102 Windows, Doors, Skylights Content reorganized: Section 9.6. Glass (formerly Doors) Section 9.7. Windows, Doors and Skylights (formerly Windows) Content dealing with other than the fenestration performance has been moved: Area, size and sizes to 9.5. Guard requirements to 9.8. Egress requirements to 9.9.

103 Windows, Doors, Skylights New Subsection specifies performance criteria including: resist the ingress of precipitation resist wind loads control air leakage resist the ingress of insects and vermin resist forced entry be easily operable New Heat Transfer Performance and Thermal Characteristics

104 Installation of Windows, Doors and Skylights Install in accordance with CAN/CSA-A440.4, Window, Door, and Skylight Installation Treated plywood shims permitted Installation and field assembly in accordance with manufacturer s instructions

105 Doors : Clear Width Part ABC Section 9.. Windows, Doors and Skylights Doorway sizes are now in Sections 9.5 Design of Area and Spaces. Application of doors as per Section 9.7 is for separation of conditioned space from unconditioned space and main entrance doors only. For the purpose of this Section, the term doors includes glazing in doors and sidelights for the doors. Article clear width of doors in a barrier-free path of travel has increased from 800mm to 850mm, including doorways into rooms within a suite of residential occupancy. 10 5

106 Installation of Windows, Doors and Skylights Must be sealed to the air barrier (existing) and to the vapour barrier (new requirement) (3) New: unfinished aluminum windows, doors or skylights in contact with masonry, concrete, stucco or plaster require a protective coating

107 QUESTIONS? November 26, 10 7

108 Moisture Protection for Interior Finishes New terminology: moisture protection for interior finishes (formerly interior dampproofing) New acceptable solution: a single product that is both vapour and moisture barrier is acceptable when applied over the entire interior surface of the basement wall

109 Moisture Protection for Interior Finishes

110 Foundation Walls New acceptable solution options for higher foundation walls Table A now accommodates concrete foundation walls up to 3 m high Table B now accommodates reinforced concrete block foundations up to 3 m high

111 Foundation Walls

112 Properties and Position of Materials in the Building Envelope Low-permeance materials are often used in exterior renovations

113 Properties and Position of Materials in the Building Envelope The acceptable solutions for positioning of low permeance materials may be used when: Normal interior moisture conditions apply, Air leakage < 0.1 L/(s m 2 ) at 75 Pa Water vapour permeance < 60 ng/(pa s m 2 )

114 Properties and Position of Materials in the Building Envelope Normal conditions (A (2)) Typical residential construction (including bathrooms and showers) Typical business and personal services High-moisture conditions Greenhouses, swimming pools, laundromats, continuously operating hot tubs or saunas Design in accordance with Part 5

115 Installation of Vapour Barriers Products that function as both insulation and vapour barrier are acceptable: must be installed close enough to the warm side of the assembly to prevent condensation

116 Installation Standard for Hydronic Heating CAN/CSA-B214: Installation Code for Hydronic Heating Systems referenced as an acceptable installation standard for hydronic heating systems.

117 Mechanically Vented Appliances The definition of mechanically vented has been revised: The combustion venting downstream of the fan, blower or aspirator must be sealed Draft hood or draft-control devices are specifically prohibited

118 QUESTIONS? November 26, 11 8