Simulation-based Construction and Logistics Planning using Building Information Modeling. BMW Welt, Munich

Transcription

1 Simulation-based Construction and Logistics Planning using Building Information Modeling Prof. Dr.-Ing. Markus König Ruhr-Universität Bochum Motivation Construction projects are getting more and more complex design and size constructability international crews new materials China Central Television Headquarters, Beijing BMW Welt, Munich 2

2 Motivation Efficient construction requires detailed scheduling of activities and resources Multitude of aspects need to be taken into account constructions methods site layout and location costs and time modifications and risks Fraport extension, Frankfurt am Main (source Fraport AG) 3 Motivation Construction projects are often delayed due to unexpected problems missing material equipment breakdowns staff shortages weather conditions How can we define and update schedule more robust? How can we analyze possible risks and actual problems? 4

3 State of the art Building Information Modelling means a collaborative work method that creates and uses digital models of an asset as a basis for the consistent generation and management of information and data relevant to the asset s life cycle as well as for the sharing data between the participants for further processing by way of transparent communication Source: ndbim Virtual Building 5 State of the art German Road Map for Digital Design and Construction published in December 2015 implementation by 2020 for major infrastructure projects guideline for public and privates clients (infrastructure and buildings) Source: Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure 6

4 State of the art Todays scheduling is still timeconsuming and manual analyzing building information models, bill of quantities, costs, milestones, and resources specifying activities and interdependencies creating network diagrams, Gantt charts, and time schedules BIM project data Expert knowledge Time schedule (Gantt chart) 7 State of the art Several BIM-based tools are available to support the project planners BIM-based quantity takeoff cost modeling and estimation network diagram specification time scheduling and 4D animation Source: RIB itwo Source: Autodesk NavisWorks 8

5 State of the art BIM Model Creation Using Siemens NX Source: Obermeyer Planen & Beraten 9 State of the art Model Animation Using Siemens NX Source: Obermeyer Planen & Beraten 10

6 Using existing project data to implement simulation models Defining construction methods, processes, resources, interdependences, and work sections Simulating, analyzing and visualizing different scenarios Digital and linked project data Data preparation and extension Simulation Schedule, utilization, etc. 11 Linking data using a Multi- Model-Container building elements with certain properties Bill of Quantities (BoQ) for costs calculation resources, material and processes based on Quantity Takeoff (QTO) Building Element Type: Circular Column Dimension: 60cm 365 cm Material: Reinforced Concrete Level: 07 Bill of Quantities BoQ:: Formwork Columns BoQ:: Reinforcement Columns BoQ:: Concrete Columns Quantity Takeoff Concrete m3 Formwork 6.23 m2 (1 item) Reinforcement 275 kg (1 item) 12

7 Processes based on construction methods to produce the building elements Construction methods define single processes interdependencies resource skills productivity rates Building Element Type: Circular Column Dimension: 60cm 365 cm Material: Reinforced Concrete Level: 07 Mount cage Form Concrete Cure Strip Formwork 13 Processes based on construction methods to produce the building elements Construction methods define single processes interdependencies resource skills productivity rates Building Element Type: Circular Column Dimension: 60cm 365 cm Material: Reinforced Concrete Level: 07 Mount precast element Concete gap Cure 14

8 Processes based on construction methods to produce the building elements Building Element Type: Circular Column Dimension: 60cm 365 cm Material: Reinforced Concrete Level: 07 Construction methods define single processes interdependencies resource skills productivity rates Concrete Productivity Rate: 1.5 h/m3 pp no Interruption with Concrete Bucket Resources one Crane two or three Workers 15 Data preparation using SiteSimEditor import and visualization of linked project data (MultiModel-Container) data preparation for simulation-based scheduling specification of scenarios and target-actual comparison model-based generation of detailed simulations SiteSimEditor Data integration and preparation 16

9 SiteSimEditor generates simulation input data Input data and simulation results are stored in a data base Plant Simulation reads input data and simulates different scenarios Results are animated and evaluated in external tools (e.g. SiteSimEditor, NavisWorks, Synchro, desitemd) 17 Simulation Toolkit Shipbuilding (STS) flexible and sophisticated modules support for one of a kind projects easy and data-based model creation 18

10 Activities Material List Process Generator Supplier Process Registration Material Transport Construction Site Constraint Management Onsite Transport Unload Crane Worker Control Material Management Material Available Storage 19 Case Study Distribution Center Scheduling pre-cast construction of a distribution center 190 x 150 meter 2600 pre-cast elements Is it possible to finish the precast construction within 150 days? 20

11 Case Study Construction Methods Definition of process pattern for construction and assembly methods resource requirements performance factors execution Sequences priorities 21 Case Study Resources, Skills and Shifts Definition of skills, equipment and personnel Complex shift management for each resource possible including breaks and holidays 22

12 Case Study Process Definition Selection of building elements based on certain properties e.g. all bucket foundation elements selections can be stored as reusable filters 23 Case Study Process Definition Selection of building elements based on certain properties e.g. all bucket foundation elements selections can be stored as reusable filters Assigning a process pattern to each building element sub processes and sequences are generated quantity takeoff is used for calculating the process durations 24

13 Case Study Hard Constraints Constructional interdependencies can be defined interactively e.g. bucket foundation column, column frame geometric connections can be used 25 Case Study Hard Constraints Constructional interdependencies can be defined interactively e.g. bucket foundation column, column frame geometric connections can be used 26

14 Case Study Execution Strategies Construction sections define groups of processes which are executed adjacently e.g. concreting sections, assembling areas axes, bounding boxes, or prism can be used 27 Case Study Scenario Definition Each scenario can contain individual process patterns resources shifts sections sequences strategies 28

15 Case Study Simulation-based Scheduling Simulation runs are performed for each scenario considering the interdependencies resource allocation based on availability and shifts starting and finishing times are recorded Scenario evaluation based on reports and animations (external) 29 Case Study Scenario Comparison Scenario A 2x cranes 2x assembly crew 1x concreting crew 169 days Scenario B 3x cranes 3x assembly crew 1x concreting crew 126 days 30

16 Case Study Outlook Additional investigations are useful to find a robust execution plan and time schedule modeling possible disturbances integration of delivery dates, storage areas and transport ways considering work spaces as constraints Construction site logistics simulation 31 Case Study Outlook Additional investigations are useful to find a robust execution plan and time schedule modeling possible disturbances integration of delivery dates, storage areas and transport ways considering work spaces as constraints Work space planning (paper at the Winter Simulation Conference 2013) 32

17 Conclusion and Outlook Simulation is an appropriate technique to support construction and logistics scheduling detailed analysis of process, resources and restrictions identification of bottlenecks and evaluation of actual data Reusing of project data is essential for an efficient application Flexible simulation models and tools for data preparation must be available Knowledge base with performance factors for realistic time scheduling Automated monitoring, integration and analysis of actual progress data Improved work space planning for conflict-free coordination of different trades 33 Ruhr-Universität Bochum Chair of Prof. Dr.-Ing. Markus König Gebäude IC E6-59, Universitätsstraße 150, D Bochum 34