ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION

Transcription

1 Ver ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION in accordance with ISO 14025, ISO and EN Owner of the declaration: Program operator: he orwegian P Fo ndation Publisher: The Norwegian EPD Foundation Declaration number: P Issue date: Valid to: Prestressed steel for reinforcemenet of concrete, PC Strand. NEPD326206EN Prestressed steel for reinforcemenet of concrete, PC Strand

2 General information Product: Prestressed steel for reinforcemenet of concrete, PC Strand. Owner of the declaration: Contact person: Rune Humblebekk Phone: Program operator: EPDNorge Manufacturer: Post Box 5250 Majorstuen, 0303 Oslo Tollbugt. 49., 3044 Drammen Phone: Phone: post@epdnorge.no info@ferrometall.no Declaration number: Place of production: Drammen, Norway ECO Platform reference number: Management system: This declaration is based on Product Category Rules: CEN Standard EN serves as core PCR NPCR 013 Steel as Construction Material Rev 1 (08/2013) Organisation no: Statement of liability: The owner of the declaration shall be liable for the underlying information and evidence. EPD Norway shall not be liable with respect to manufacturer information, life cycle assessment data and evidences. Issue date: Valid to: Declared unit: Year of study: 2014 Declared unit with option (A1A3 + A4): Per steel Functional unit: Comparability: EPD of construction products may not be comparable if they do not comply with EN and are seen in a building context. The EPD has been worked out by: Michael Myrvold Jenssen Annik Magerholm Fet Verification: The CEN Norm EN serves as the core PCR. Independent verification of the declaration and data, according to ISO14025:2010 internal Third party verifier: external Approved Christofer Skaar, PhD (Independent verifier approved by EPD Norway) NEPD326206EN Prestressed steel for reinforcemenet of concrete, PC Strand 2/8

3 Product Product description: The product studied are steel wire rods that are twined into strands for use in prestressed concrete structures colloquially PC strand. For transportation and storage, PC strands are reeled into spoolless coils. In use, the steel strands are first put into tension, before being cast in concrete. When embedded in the concrete, the prestressed steel is able to alleviate the tension that is imposed on the surrounding concrete. Applications for reinforcement steel are in the construction of buildings and civil structures, and due to its high tensile strength, prestressed concrete is suitable for structural sections with a longer span than what is feasible with reinforced concrete (typically ribbed reinforcement bars rebar). Technical information: PC strands studied are produced according to ASTM A416 pr EN 1383, steel grade 270 (1860 MPa). The product can have several configurations of one core wire with several helically placed strands, most often in a seven wire configuration. Accepted thickness for a seven wire configuration can be between 9,53 mm to 17,8 mm. Product specification: Typical product compostion for PC strand is described in the table below: Market: Norway/Nordics Materials Fe Iron C Carbon Si Silicon Mn Manganese P Phosphorus S Sulfur Cr Chromium % 0,98 98,08 0,01 0,78 1,90E03 0,19 0,01 0,69 1,25E04 0,01 5,50E05 0,01 2,45E03 0,25 Reference service life, product: Not relevant. NEPD326206EN Prestressed steel for reinforcemenet of concrete, PC Strand 3/8

4 LCA: Calculation rules Declared unit: Per steel System boundary: Cradle to gate (A1A3) including transport from manufacturer to customer (A4). System boundaries are shown in the flowchart. Data quality: General requirements and guidelines concerning use of generic and specific data and the quality of those are as described in EN 15804: 2012, clause and The data is representative according to temporal, geographical and technological requirements. Temporal: Data for use in module A3 is supplied by the manufacturer and consists of the recorded amount of specific material and energy consumption for the product studied. Specific data has been collected for Generic data has been created or updated within the last 10 years. Cutoff criteria: All major raw materials and all the essential energy is included. The production process for raw materials and energy flows that are included with very small amounts (<1%) are not included. This cutoff rule does not apply for hazardous materials and substances. Allocation: The allocation is made in accordance with the provisions of E Incoming energy and water and waste production in house is allocated equally among all products through mas allocation if applicable. Geographical: The geographic region of the production sites included in the calculation is Norway (A3). Data for A1 represents restofworld (ROW) and China specifically. Technological: Data represents technology in use. Data for module A1 consists of specific data derived from suppliers for steel wire stranding, and Worldsteel data for the initial steel input. For calculation and LCI data, GaBi 6.4 was used. NEPD326206EN Prestressed steel for reinforcemenet of concrete, PC Strand 4/8

5 LCA: Scenarios and additional technical information The following information describe the scenarios in the different modules of the EPD. The scenario for transport distances and transportation modes from suppliers to manufacturer represents both recorded and calculated routes and distances from factory gate in China to ports in Norway. Transport of raw materials (A1) Type Type of vehicle Distance km Fuel/Energy Capacity utilisation (incl. return) % consumption Container vessel DWT ,005 l/tkm 29,5 Truck 50 Euro 5, 27t payload 340 0,023 l/tkm 7,7 Transport in A1 describes the transports of raw materials (ore) to China from Australia. Value (l/t) Transport from suppliers to producer (A2) Type Type of vehicle Capacity utilisation (incl. return) % Container vessel DWT, EU HFO Feeder vessel 48 <1000 DWT 1225 Transport in A2 describes shipping of products from port in China to Norway via Rotterdam. Distance km Fuel/Energy consumption 0,005 l/tkm 0,024 l/tkm Value (l/t) ,9 Transport from production place to user (A4) Type Type of vehicle Distance km Fuel/Energy Value Capacity utilisation (incl. return) % consumption (l/t) Truck 88 Euro 5, ~28,2t payl ,001 l/tkm 3,1 Rail 40 Diesel/EL, 726t payl ,92E05 l/tkm 0,024 Transport in A4 represents actual distances driven to customers in NEPD326206EN Prestressed steel for reinforcemenet of concrete, PC Strand 5/8

6 LCA: Results The results shows that the most significant impacts comes from the production of steel, given in A1. The steel is shipped from China, via Rotterdam to port in Norway, giving a high impact in A2. Module A3 includes deloading and expediting of goods from a forklift, cold storage and heating of offices. Module A4 gives transport to customers all over Norway. System boundaries (X=included, = module not declared, MNR=module not relevant) Product stage Assemby stage Use stage End of life stage Beyond the system boundaries Raw materials Transport Manufacturing Transport Assembly Use Maintenance Repair Replacement Refurbishment Operational energy use Operational water use Deconstruction demolition Transport Waste processing Disposal ReuseRecovery Recyclingpotential A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 C1 C2 C3 C4 D X X X X Environmental impact Parameter Unit A1A3 A4 GWP ODP POCP 1 AP EP CO 2 eqv CFC11eqv C 2 H 4 eqv SO 2 eqv PO 3 4 eqv 2,68E+00 1,02E08 1,66E03 2,09E02 1,93E03 9,65E03 6,59E14 5,78E06 2,70E05 6,66E06 ADPM Sbeqv 6,66E07 8,27E10 ADPE 2,79E+01 1,32E01 1 There is inherent flaw in the POCP results in the GaBi 6.4 software when datasets for trucks have been used with CML Negative impact results in this category essentially means that the use of transport will in effect clear smog formation. A1A4 recalculated with the ReCiPe impact assessment methodology gives 0,0169 NMVOC for POCP. GWP Global warming potential; ODP Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer; POCP Formation potential of tropospheric photochemical oxidants; AP Acidification potential of land and water; EP Eutrophication potential; ADPM Abiotic depletion potential for non fossil resources; ADPE Abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources Resource use Parameter RPEE RPEM TPE NRPE NRPM TRPE SM RSF NRSF W Unit m 3 A1A3 1,88E+00 1,12E03 1,88E+00 2,83E+01 8,98E06 2,83E+01 3,08E02 A4 2,10E02 1,05E14 2,10E02 1,33E01 3,92E14 1,33E01 2,85E02 RPEE Renewable primary energy resources used as energy carrier; RPEM Renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials; TPE Total use of renewable primary energy resources; NRPE Non renewable primary energy resources used as energy carrier; NRPM Non renewable primary energy resources used as materials; TRPE Total use of non renewable primary energy resources; SM Use of secondary materials; RSF Use of renewable secondary fuels; NRSF Use of non renewable secondary fuels; W Use of net fresh water NEPD326206EN Prestressed steel for reinforcemenet of concrete, PC Strand 6/8

7 End of life Waste Parameter Unit HW NHW RW A1A3 1,18E07 3,64E05 1,55E04 A4 6,65E08 2,21E05 2,79E07 HW Hazardous waste disposed; NHW Non hazardous waste disposed; RW Radioactive waste disposed End of life Output flow Parameter Unit CR MR MER EEE ETE A1A3 A4 CR Components for reuse; MR Materials for recycling; MER Materials for energy recovery; EEE Exported electric energy; ETE Exported thermal energy Reading example: 9,0 E03 = 9,0*10 3 = 0,009 Additional Norwegian requirements Greenhous gas emission from the use of electricity in the manufacturing phase The elecricity mix (NO) represents the average country or region specific electricity supply for final consumers, including electricity own consumption, transmission/distribution losses and electricity imports from neighboring countries. Reference year: 2011 Data source GaBi 6.4. Amount 0,0465 Unit CO 2 eqv/kwh Dangerous substances The product contains no substances given by the REACH Candidate list or the Norwegian priority list The product contains substances given by the REACH Candidate list or the Norwegian priority list that are less than 0,1 % by weight. The product contain dangerous substances, more then 0,1% by weight, given by the REACH Candidate List or the Norwegian Priority list, see table. The product contains no substances given by the REACH Candidate list or the Norwegian priority list. The product is classified as hazardous waste (Avfallsforskiften, Annex III), see table. Name CAS no. Amount Indoor environment No tests have been carried out on the product concerning indoor climate Not relevant Carbon footprint Carbon footprint has not been worked out for the product. NEPD326206EN Prestressed steel for reinforcemenet of concrete, PC Strand 7/8

8 Bibliography ISO 14025:2010 Environmental labels and declarations Type III environmental declarations Principles and procedures ISO 14044:2006 Environmental management Life cycle assessment Requirements and guidelines EN 15804:2012+A1:2013 Sustainability of construction works Environmental product declaration Core rules for the product category of construction products ISO 21930:2007 Sustainability in building construction Environmental declaration of building products LCA Report Life Cycle Assessment Report: Prestressed steel for reinforcemenet of concrete, PC Strand (NTNU SISVI Report ) NPCR Product Category Rules Steel as Construction Material Program operator The Norwegian EPD Foundation Post Box 5250 Majorstuen, 0303 Oslo Norway Publisher The Norwegian EPD Foundation Post Box 5250 Majorstuen, 0303 Oslo Norway Owner of the declaration Post address: Postboks 5427 Lade 7442 Trondheim Author of the Life Cycle Assessment Michael Myrvold Jenssen and Annik Magerholm Fet / NTNU Institutt for industriell økonomi og teknologiledelse 7491 Trondheim NEPD326206EN Prestressed steel for reinforcemenet of concrete, PC Strand Phone: post@epdnorge.no web Phone: web Phone: Fax web Phone: post@epdnorge.no info@ferrometall.no michael.jenssen@iot.ntnu.no annik.fet@ntnu.no web 8/8