EMP for Subproject Repairing and upgrading Thach Ban reservoir - Duy Xuyen district - Quang Nam Province - VN-Haz

Transcription

1 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized EMP for Subproject Repairing and upgrading Thach Ban reservoir - Duy Xuyen district - THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT E2993 v14 EMP for Subproject Repairing and upgrading Thach Ban reservoir - Duy Xuyen district - Quang Nam Province - VN-Haz March 2012 REEN.JSC 1

2 THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT Vietnam-Managing Natural Hazards Project (VN-Haz) Environment Management Plan (EMP) for Subproject Repairing and upgrading Thach Ban reservoir - Duy Xuyen district - Quang Nam Province REEN.JSC March 2012 REEN.JSC 2

3 Currency equivalent Unit = Vietnam Dong (VND) 1 VND = $ 1 $ = 20,500 VND Abbreviations BOD CBDRM CEP CNF CPMO CPO CSC CSEP DARD DONRE DSF DSR EIA ECOP EMDP EMP ESMF EOL FHH GoV LEP MARD OP PESU PPC PPMU QCVN EA Biochemical Oxygen Demand Community-based Disaster Risk Management Community Engagement Program Commune Fatherland Front Central Project Management Office Central Project Office of MARD Construction Supervision Consultant Contract Specific Environmental Plan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development Department of Natural Resources and Environment Dam Safety Framework Dam Safety Report Environmental Impact Assessment Environmental Code of Practices Ethnic Minority Development Plan Environment Management Plan Environment and Social Management Framework Estimation of Loss Female Headed Household Government of Vietnam Law on Environmental Protection Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Operation Policy of World Bank Provincial Environment and Social Safeguard Unit Provincial People s Committee Provincial Project Management Unit National Technical Regulations Environment Assessment REEN.JSC 3

4 RPF TCVN UXO WB Resettlement Policy Framework National Environmental Standards Unexploded Ordnances World Bank REEN.JSC 4

5 Unit m 3 m 2 kg Cubic meter Square meter Kilogram Note (i) (ii) The fiscal year of Vietnam government ended on December 31 st every year. The previous fiscal year represents the calendar year in which the fiscal year end, for example, fiscal year 2000 ended on December 31 st, In this report, $ means United States Dollars (USD). REEN.JSC 5

6 TABLE OF CONTENT TABLE OF CONTENT... 6 LIST OF TABLES... 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... 8 I. INTRODUCTION II. SUBPROJECT DESCRITION III. ENVIRONMENTAL BACKGROUND General Characteristics and Land Use Soil and Water Quality Natural disasters in the subproject area IV. POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Potential Positive Impacts Safeguard Screening and Identification of Issues Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures Dam Safety Summary of Impacts and Mitigation Measures V. SUBPROJECT MONITORING PROGRAM Actions to be Conducted during Subproject Implementation Environmental Monitoring Program VI. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT Organization and Responsibilities Monitoring and Reporting Budget Arrangement Consultation and Information Disclosure LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1:Technical parameter of Thach Ban Reservoir in the operation phase Table 4.1: Results of safeguard screening for subproject Table 4.2: Potential negative impacts of the subproject Table 4.4 Identification of community at risks Table 4.5 Summary of impacts and mitigation measures for the subproject Table 4.6: Mitigation measures proposed for the subproject Table 6.1: Institutional responsibilities for the Subproject Table 6.2 Subproject reporting requirements Table 6.3: Tentative workplan for Subproject REEN.JSC 6

7 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: Cross sections of the Main dam Figure 2.2: Cross sections of the Auxiliary dam Figure 2.3: Cross sections of the Spillway Figure 2.4: Longitude sections of the Sluice Figure 2.5: Location of the Subproject Figure 3.1: Land use of the Subproject Figure 3.3: Model of capacity of Thach Ban Reservoir at maximum water lever LIST OF ANNEXES ANNEX 1: STANDARD ENVIRONMENTAL CODES OF PRACTICE (ECOP) FOR THE SUBPROJECT... Error! Bookmark not defined. ANNEX 2: GENERIC TOR FOR CONSTRUCTION SUPERVISION CONSULTANT (CSC) ANNEX 3: RESULTS OF SAMPLE ANALYSYS REEN.JSC 7

8 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Background: The Subproject Repairing and upgrading Thach Ban reservoir - Duy Xuyen district - Quang Nam Province is one of the six subprojects to be implemented in the first phase of VN-Hz project. The main objective of the subproject is to repair and upgrade Thach Ban reservoir to ensure flood prevention and reduce impacts of natural disaster which may threaten the life, property, and infrastructure in the downstream areas. The subproject would reduce vulnerability to external factors such as droughts, floods, erosion, and enhance regulation of floods, directly protecting more than 20,258 people, property and public infrastructure in three communes of Duy Phu, Duy Tan, and Duy Thu, Duy Xuyen District, Quang Nam Province. Description: The subproject activities will include repairing and upgrading of 776 m of the main earth dam, five auxiliary dams of total 1,018m, the spillway, replacement of an old sluice, dredging of 400 m the upstream canal, reinforcing the 500 m of the downstream canal, and reconstruction of a reservoir management house. These activities may cause negative effects on the local environment and local community during preconstruction, construction, and/or operation. Safeguard screening in line with the criteria described in the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) suggested that the subproject will trigger the WB s safeguards policies on Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01) and Safety of Dams (OP/BP 4.37) Impacts and mitigations: The overall impacts would be positive. The main negative impacts would be due to (a) site clearance, (b) construction activities, and (c) safety dam and reservoir operation. The subproject would not involve land acquisition and ethnic minority people. The potential negative impacts during site survey/clearance and construction would be mainly due to the dam embankment rehabilitation and construction activities which could increase the level of air, noise, vibration, water pollution, and/or local traffic volume. These impacts are expected to be localized, temporary, and could be mitigated by: (i) ensuring that contractors apply good construction practices according to the Environmental Code of Practices (ECOP) developed for the Project, (ii) maintaining close consultation with local authorities and communities throughout the construction period, and (iii) close supervision of field engineers and environmental and health safety officers. The subproject ECOP will be included (as an annex) to the bidding and contract documents and will be closely monitored and supervised by the construction supervising consultant and local community. The potential impacts during operation will be limited to potential risk on downstream flooding which may occur when sluice operations is not appropriate, major storm events, and/or other issues related to dam safety. Local communities that are likely to be affected have been identified and activities will be carried out to engage these people through knowledge enhancement and networking to be responsive to flood issues. The mitigation measures related to safety of dam structure is presented in the Dam Safety Report (DSR) for the subproject which has been prepared separately in line with the Dam Safety Framework (DSF) developed for the Project. REEN.JSC 8

9 Actions to be carried out under the subproject: To mitigate the potential negative impacts during pre-construction, construction, and operation phases the following measures will be carried out during the implementation of the subproject in close consultation with local authority and communities, especially the affected households: 1. Incorporate ECOP into bidding and contract document and inform bidders; 2. Closely supervise and monitor safeguard performance of contractor to ensure effective implementation of measures to mitigate the impacts during site clearance and construction; 3. Prepare and implement a Community Engagement Program in close consultation with local communities; 4. Effective implementation of measures to mitigate the impacts during site clearance and construction in accordance with the ECOP and under close supervision by the contractor. 5. Effective implementation of the mitigation measures according to the DSR Responsibility: The Quang Nam provincial project management unit (PPMU) will be responsible for ensuring effective implementation of the EMP of the subproject, including reporting the implementation progress and safeguard performance of contractors. PPMU will ensure that appropriate ECOP is incorporated into bidding and contract documents and the bidders are aware of this commitment. PPMU will work closely with the local authorities, local agencies, and local communities and facilitate effective coordination and cooperation of the subproject activities and safeguard measures. The Central Project Management Office (CPMO) will be responsible for overall supervision and monitoring of the subproject implementation including safeguards implementation, and safeguard training for the subproject staff. CPMO will hire a group of national consultant (Central Environmental Management Consultant) to assist in the coordination and/or timely implementation of the EMP, including periodical monitoring of contractor performance. Budget arrangement will be as follows: Cost for implementation of mitigation measures during construction, including training on environmental management for workers, consultation with local communities, environmental quality monitoring, and compensation to damage (if any) will be part of the subproject construction cost. This cost will be included in the contract with the contractor and is expected to be 1% of the construction cost. Cost for the day-to-day supervision of contractor performance by the CSC as well as cost for periodical monitoring at the subproject level will be part of the subproject supervision cost. This cost is expected to be 1% of the construction cost. Cost for periodic monitoring at the project level will be part of the project management of CPMO. Cost for implementation of CEP will be part of the environmental mitigation cost and a budget of $ has been allocated for the subproject. This cost is included in Component 3 of the Project. Cost for implementation of DSR will be part of the investment cost under the construction contract, supervision contract for dam safety issues. Cost for safeguard training of staff will be part of the subproject and/or project management as appropriate. REEN.JSC 9

10 I. INTRODUCTION Thach Ban Reservoir was constructed in 1984 and was completed in The reservoir was designed for flood prevention and regulation of water for three communes of Duy Phu, Duy Tan, Duy Thu of Duy Xuyen District, Quang Nam Province. The structure includes a water reservoir, a main dam, auxiliary dams, a spillway, canal systems, and sluices. Over 23 years of operation the reservoir system has been degraded posing risk for life and property in the downstream area. Recognizing the need for the repair and upgrade of the reservoir the province has requested for financing from the World Bank for this subproject. The Subproject Repairing and upgrading Thach Ban reservoir - Duy Xuyen district - Quang Nam Province is one of the six subprojects to be implemented in the first phase of VN-Haz project. The main objective of the subproject is to repair and upgrade Thach Ban reservoir to ensure flood prevention and reduce impacts of natural disaster which may threaten the life, property, and infrastructure in the downstream areas. The subproject would reduce vulnerability to external factors such as droughts, floods, erosion, and enhance regulation of floods, directly protecting more than 20,258 people, property and public infrastructure in three communes of Duy Phu, Duy Tan, and Duy Thu, Duy Xuyen District, Quang Nam Province. The subproject activities will include repairing and upgrading of 776 m of the main earth dam, five auxiliary dams of total 1,018m, the spillway, replacement of an old culvert/sluice, dredging of 400 m the upstream canal, reinforcing the 500 m of the downstream canal, and reconstruction of a reservoir management house. These activities may cause negative effects on the local environment and local community during preconstruction, construction, and/or operation. Safeguard screening in line with the criteria described in the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) suggested that the subproject will trigger the WB s safeguards policies on Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01) and Safety of Dams (OP/BP 4.37). To ensure that the potential negative impacts are identified and mitigated during the subproject implementation and in compliance with the policy OP4.01, an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been prepared in line with the guidelines in the Environment and Social Management Framework (ESMF). This EMP summarizes the subproject description, environmental background, potential negative impacts, proposed mitigation measures to be carried out during preconstruction, construction, and operation phases, and the implementation arrangement. The EMP also includes ECOPs to apply for the subproject, and to be incorporated into the bidding documents and construction contracts, as well as a scope for environment quality monitoring. The Government s regulation on EIA requires submission of an EIA report for the subproject. The EIA report has been prepared and approved by Quang Nam Provincial People s Committee. REEN.JSC 10

11 II. SUBPROJECT DESCRITION The subproject will be implemented in Duy Phu and Duy Thu communes, Duy Xuyen district, Quang Nam province. The civil works will be carried out on the structures of the existing reservoir (see location in Figure 2.5). The scope of the civil works includes: a) Upgrading of the main dam without increase in height and length of the dam body The main dam is designed to cope with flood frequency Ptk = 0.2% (based on Vietnam National Construction Standard TCXDVN ) and WB safeguard policy OP.4.37 with designed flood frequency PKT = 0.01%. The main dam design parameters include: The main dam has crest elevation of m; breakwater wall is arranged on the top of the dam H = 0.9 m high to reduce the dam crest elevation. The dam surface is 6.0 m wide with concrete structure of M200. Coefficient of tilted upstream roof is 3.00 m; protected by concrete slabs with dimensions of 2.0mx2.0m and 15 cm thick. The dam parks directly on rock filter layer 1x2; the foot is paved with concrete to under nomal water level of 0.50m, while from the dam down to the foot is paved by dry stone frame with the gravel filter below; roof tilted downstream coefficient m = 2.75; grass is grown in downstream roof to prevent erosion; drainage gravel strip is arranged on the roof, drainage drain is layout in the downstream feet bhx = (40 x 40) cm of concrete M200. The downstream is arranged 3.0 m wide at elevation m and lined the downstream roof to elevation m. A cross section of the main dam is presented in Figure 2.1. The main technical parameters of the reservoir is given in Table 2.1. Table 2.1:Technical parameter of Thach Ban Reservoir in the operation phase No Parameter Unit 1 Nomal water level m Capacity of Reservoir at bottom water level 10 6.m Capacity of Reservoir Wk 10 6.m Effeciency Capacity 10 6.m Surface water area at normal water level ha Surface water area at water level ( m) ha 79 7 Water regime annual Source: FS Report, 2011 Figure 2.1: Cross sections of the Main dam REEN.JSC 11

12 c ¾t n g an g Ëp t ¹ i v Þt r Ý è n g t iª u n í c t l : 1/100 Source: FS report, 2011 c ¾t n g an g v ai Ëp t l : 1/100 b) Upgrading of five auxiliary dams (dams 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) without increase in height and length of the dam body The main design features of the auxiliary dams include: The auxiliary dams have crest elevation of ; breakwater wall is arranged on the top of the dam H = 0.5 m high to reduce the dam crest elevation. The dam surface is 6.0 m wide, concrete structure is M200. Coefficient of tilted upstream roof is 3.00 m; protected by concrete slabs with dimensions of 2.0mx2.0m and 15 cm thick. The dam parks directly on rock filter layer 1x2; the foot is paved with concrete to under under nomal water level of 0.50m, while from the dam down to the foot is paved by dry stone frame with the gravel filter below; roof tilted downstream coefficient m = 2.75; grass is grown in downstream roof to prevent erosion; drainage drain is layout in the downstream feet bhx = (40 x 40) cm of concrete M200. The design cross section of the auxiliary dams is shown in Figure 2.2. Unit:m See changes in height and length of main and auxiliary dams in Table 2.2 below: Table 2.2: Height and length of main and auxiliary dams of Thach Ban Reservoir REEN.JSC 12

13 No Dam Level of dam crest Level of breakwater wall top Maximum dam height Dam crest width Dam length C D C D C D C D C D 1 Main Auxiliary No No Auxiliary No No Auxiliary No No Auxiliary No No Auxiliary No No * Note: C: Current; D: Design; No: Not available. Source: FS report, 2011 According to the screening criteria in the Dam Safety Framework Table 2.2 indicates that the subproject is considered a large dam subproject. Definition for large dam: For VN-Haz project, a dam is considered large if: Dam s height is higher than 15 m; Dam s height between m with capacity more than 1 million cubic meters; Dam s height between 10-15m with complex design requirement which can pose high risks to human population downstream. For example, high frequency flood, located in the area affected by serious earthquake, complex foundation and difficult to build. Figure 2.2: Cross sections of the Auxiliary dam c h i t iõt Øn h Ëp REEN.JSC 13

14 c ¾t n g an g v ai Ëp t l : 1/100 Source: FS report, 2011 c) Construction of a new spillway: The old spillway will be demolished and a new spillway will be constructed at the water intake section. The design criteria are as follows: - Grade of the work: Grade III - Frequency of design flood: P=1% - Frequency of check flood: P=0.2% - Elevation of spillway crest: m - Discharge of spillway: Q 1% = m 3 /s; Q 0.2% = m 3 /s The spillway is designed to work effectively for smaller floods, by operating the spillway gates to control the water level in the reservoir. An acoustic warning system will be recommended to be installed from the dams down to the confluence with Kon River to warn people when the spillway gates will be openned. The design cross section of the spillway is given in Figure 2.3. Figure 2.3: Cross sections of the Spillway t Øl Ö 1/100 REEN.JSC 14

15 d) Construction of a new sluice A new sluice with a diameter of 1,200 mm will be constructed with downstream regulating valves and a tower for convenient operation and repairation; excavation of the upstream conducting canal section to the level of m; repairation and upgradation of the canal behide the sluice with reinforced concrete structure and a size of (1.2x2.0)m. The desing of the longitude section of the sluice is illustrated in Figure 2.4. Figure 2.4: Longitude sections of the Sluice e c¾t däc t Øl Ö 1/200 e d d Source: FS report, 2011 e) The Management house The reservoir management house will be reconstructed for management and operation. The house will be a two-storey build of 120 square meters. f) Monitoring equipment Equip monitoring equipments such as penetration equipment, deformation devices, water and rainfall measurement devices. Subpoject implementation schedule - Anticipated schedule: From December 2012 to December 2013 Anticipated project implementation schedule: - The first year: + Quarter I: Ground preparation, construction of main road in key areas, building ground for construction sites, construction camps, warehouse and management house + Quarter II: Construction of following items: auxiliary dam no. 3 and 4; management house, transportation roads inside the reservoir and construction of downstream of auxiliary dam. + Quarter III and IV: Construction of following items: embankment construction, construction of key intake, auxiliary dam no. 1 and 2 - The second year + Quarter I and II: embankment of diversion cofferdam through the main dam, breaking all old spills, digging of toe wall, construction of stream bed, construction of flood-discharge spill of main dam REEN.JSC 15

16 + Quarter III and IV: complement of the main dam embankment, complement and handover of the project REEN.JSC 16

17 Figure 2.5: Location of the Subproject REEN.JSC 17

18 III. ENVIRONMENTAL BACKGROUND This part provides a summary of key background of the subproject. 3.1 General Characteristics and Land Use Thach Ban Reservoir is located in the valley of the mountain ranges Da Beo, Hon Chau and Hon Dung mountains. The area of Thach Ban river basin is 32.7 km 2. The basin slope is relatively small. The topography of subproject area is sloping terrain mainly from the hillside toward the stream with an average elevation of m to m. The subproject area is within the Vu Gia-Thu Bon river basin, which is one of the largest river basins in the Central Coast located on the Eastern side of the Annamite Range. The dominant slope direction of the basin is northwest southeast, with an average gradient of 25.5%. The upstream area is high mountains of 1,700-2,045m height, which form an arc surrounding the entire northern, western and southern parts of the basin. The downstream area is the coastal lowlands. The total area of Vu Gia Thu Bon river basin is 15,850 km 2 of which the area of Thu Bon river basin is 10,350 km 2 and the area of Vu Gia river basin is 5,500 km 2. The land use of the subproject area shows that most land in the subproject area is forest land. Agriculture land accounts for a significant portion of the land reserve. The total land area of the three subproject communes is 5,927 ha, of which forest land, agricultural land, residential land and other and abandoned land account for 34%, 43%, 6%, 15% and 1% respectively. Much of the land area of the subproject has been influenced by humans, particularly by shifting cultivation over several. Although there are a pagoda and My Son Temple located in Duy Xuyen district, however, the distance of these sites are quite far from the subproject area, for example the distance to the border of My Son temple and the pagoda are 4km and 2km respectively. Results from the survey of the subproject area show that currently there are no species listed in Decree No 32/2006/ND-CP (Decree on Protection of threatened species in Vietnam), and also no species listed in Red Data Book of Vietnam (2000) as nationally threatened species, IUCN Red List (2004), and in CITES Appendices (2005) as globally threatened species presented in the subproject area. Table 3.1 & Table 3.2 provide more information of land use and forest land. Table3.1: Forest types and area in the subproject area No Commune Total (ha) Agri land Forest land Residential Other purpose Abandon 1 Duy Phu 3,842 1,139 2, Duy Thu 1, Duy Tan Total 5,927 2, Table3.2: Forest types and area in the subproject area No. Commune Total (ha) Natural forest Production Forest No Forest 1 Duy Phu 2, Duy Thu Duy Tan REEN.JSC 18

19 Total ,084 1,052 REEN.JSC 19

20 Figure 3.1: Land use of the Subproject REEN.JSC 20

21 3.2 Soil and Water Quality Surface water: The analysis result provided by REEN.JSC. showed that water quality in Thach Ban Reservoir area. in general. is good and is not substantially affected by anthropogenic influences and within the allowed criteria of QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT column B1(i.e. suitable for irrigation purposes). Some water quality parameters in Thach Ban reservoir are given in Annex 4. Table 4.1. ph parameter are slightly alkaline varying from 7.1 to 7.4. The average turbidity in the reservoir is below 35mg/l of particulate matter. Therefore, no damage is proven to occur to aquatic life (according to water quality criteria set up by the European Inland Fishery Commission - EIAFAC). The concentration of both Phosphorus (P) and Nitrogen (N) is low. The concentration of total nitrogen and other N fractions are low and indicate almost pristine natural values. Groundwater: According to Quang Nam DONRE. The groundwater quality in the area is rather good; all parameters are within the allowable limit in accordance with the national standard QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT (National technical regulation on groundwater quality). Soil: Data from the Institute for Geology Research show that the rock formation within Thach Ban reservoir area is quartz schist. The formation comprises of bluish grey sandstone interbedded with violet-like siltstone and quartz arkoses-sandstone and grit stone. No limestone formation is present within the reservoir area. The soil quality in the project area has protein content ranging from 171 to 186 mg / kg dry soil with the phosphorus content being between 21-25mg/kg. It is assessed as poor phosphorus and azote soil. Ferric soils are also generally poor in available phosphorus and with low ph value due to a high chelating factor of these soils. Phosphorus is a commonly growth limiting nutrient for plants in the tropics pointing to the general poor productive value of soils. The content of heavy metals such as Cadmium, Lead, Mercury, and Arsenic in the soil lies within the maximum allowable limit for heavy metals in soil (QCVN 03:2008- BTNMT: National technical regulation on the allowable limits of heavy metals in the soils). The detailed data are presented in Annex Natural disasters in the subproject area Quang Nam occupies a very important position in the Central Coastal region. In recent years, the province has been able to maintain social-economic growth with people s living standards continually improving with security and politics being stable. Natural disasters which occur in the province are not only diverse but also complicated and severe, particularly storms, floods and droughts. Influenced by geographic locations, typographic and geomorphologic features and global climate change, the natural disaster situation in Vu Gia - Thu Bon river basin follows complex trends and tends to increase in quantity and severity. This area often suffers from storms, tropical low pressure, floods, droughts, cyclones, thunderstorms, soil erosion, salinity intrusion, etc. of which the most dangerous and damaging are storms and floods. Storms and tropical low pressures often occur from May to July, but the most dangerous one occur frequently in October and November. Storms and tropical low pressures in this area often coupled with cyclones and heavy rains, thus often cause floods. Data shows that in the South China Sea from 1997 to 2009, 174 storms and tropical low pressures occurred, of which 26 storms and 12 tropical low pressures affected the Vu Gia Thu Bon river basin. Especially, the Storm no. 6 (2006), internationally called Sang Sane, and the REEN.JSC 21

22 storm no. 9 (2009), or Ketsana, directly hit Quang Nam province, causing severe human and property losses. Water level variations in Thach Ban Reservoir area will vary from one location to another, depending on the actual cross section at each location. During large floods a major part of the floodplain will be inundated. Figure 3.3: Model of capacity of Thach Ban Reservoir at maximum water lever With maximum water level at m. Thach Ban reservoir will not affect An Hoa pagoda at +34.0m REEN.JSC 22

23 IV. POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 Potential Positive Impacts - The repairing and upgrading of Thach Ban reservoir aim to safeguard the structure in the long term against risks that may happen; ensure flood prevention and protect the life and properties of people downstream; ensure active water supply for the whole area; and improve crop productivity. Therefore, it will increase living standards of people; ensure food security and integrated exploitation of the cultivation land; prevent wasteful land use and fallows; improve the reservoir environment and landscape; increase productivity and scale of aquaculture combined with eco-tourism for sustainable development; and contribute to improve rural transport for economic development, particularly in flood seasons. - Promote the implementation of the National Strategy for Natural Disaster Prevention. Response and Mitigation to 2020 in Vietnam and the National Target Program in Hunger Eradication, poverty alleviation, and the socio-economic development plan of communes in the subproject area; - Enhance the cooperation and coordination between different authority levels and community in the subproject area in dealing with natural-disaster risks; - Improve and upgrade technical and socio-economic infrastructure for sustainable development in the area; create conditions for preservation of production land; increase of land use coefficients; as well as protection of the environment. - Prevent typhoons and floods, inundation and minimize damage caused by natural disasters in order to ensure safeguard for life and property of drainage capacity to directly protect the infrastructure, lives and properties of 20,258 people in 3 communes Duy Phu, Duy Thu and Duy Tan in Duy Xuyen district, Quang Nam province. 4.2 Safeguard Screening and Identification of Issues a) Eligibility screening: An initial screening process was undertaken in line with the guidelines provided in the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF). The purpose of the screening is to identify potential significant adverse environmental and social impacts caused by the subproject activities which cannot be adequately mitigated by the subproject and to exclude subprojects that are equivalent to the Bank s Category A project. The subproject is eligible for project financing considering that the subproject will not involve possible high UXO risk and will not create possible adverse impacts on (a) critical natural habitats and/or protected area including proposed protected areas; (b) loss or damage to cultural property, including sites having archeological (prehistoric), paleontological, historical, religious, cultural and unique natural values, graves and graveyards; (c) water regime, particularly water flow and water quality; and (d) local traffic. The subproject would also not involve land acquisition and ethnic minority people. The potential negative impacts of the subproject could be minimized by applying the proposed mitigation measures developed for the subproject which is described in Sections V and VI. b) Identification of issues: The technical screening was conducted in line with the guidelines provided in the ESMF to identify potential environmental and social safeguard issues (Table 5.1 of the REEN.JSC 23

24 ESMF). The results of this screening are shown in Table 4.1 which in consistent with the initial screening conducted during the preparation of the ESMF (Table A5.1 of Annex 5 of ESMF). Table 4.1: Results of safeguard screening for subproject Safeguard issues Safeguard Remarks likely to be involved document prepared (4). (5). (6). (7). (8) EMP. DSR A Dam Safety Report (DSR) has been prepared in line with the Dam Safety Framework (DSF). The DSR describes mitigation measures to ensure safety of Thach Ban dam, including an emergency preparedness plan; An EIS has been prepared and approved by the Government Notes: Note: (1) Involve land acquisition and/or resettlement; (2) involve ethnic minority; (3) involve PCR; (4) involve UXO risk; (5) involve civil works; (6) involve dredging; (7) involve dam safety; (8) likely to involve land/water use conflicts; (9) involve river mouth construction. c) Potential negative impacts and mitigation measures Site investigation and document review were conducted for identifying and assessing the potential adverse impacts, including consultation with the local communities and affected people. Table 4.2 summarizes negative impacts of the subproject. The assessment was made according to the guidance given in the ESMF. Table 4.2: Potential negative impacts of the subproject Activities Negative impacts Significant level 1. Pre-construction Phase 1.1 Land acquisition 1.2 Site clearance 2. Construction Phase 2.1 Repair and upgrading of the dams, spillway, sluice, and management house - Estimated total area of temporary affected land will be 2ha, belonging to 7 HHs in Duy Thu commune; there will be total of 3162 trees need to be acquired for the sub-project implementation - Generation of waste, dust, noise, vibration, water pollution, social issues. - Increase safety risk to local residents and create potential conflict between workers and local people. - Safety risk of UXO is mainly at borrow pit sites because the construction activities are on the existing dams. - It is estimated that about 150,000 m 3 of fillland, 1,748 m 3 of stone, and 11,272 m 3 of sand and gravel are needed for the construction. Since there are no quarries in the subproject area, it is necessary to use the licensed quarries in Duy Phu, Que Son, Phuoc Tuong Significant, can be compensated, unavoidable, Small, short term, unavoidable, controllable Low to medium, localized, temporary, can be mitigated, unavoidable. REEN.JSC 24

25 Activities Negative impacts Significant level communes, which are within km from the subproject site. Two borrow pits which are located within 1 km from the subproject site were identified with about 150,000 m 3 of soil for earthfill. - Increased dust air and noise pollution. Vibration, and traffic volume due to transportation, loading and unloading of construction materials, and other construction activities. - Domestic solid waste generated by construction workers, construction campsite, kitchen, toilets. - Hazardous wastes such as waste oil, spent lubricant, and contaminated materials resulting from leakage of oil and fuel. - Increase safety risk, dust, noise, vibration, and other nuisance to local residents. - Dust and other air pollution caused by trucks, 2.2 Transportation of construction materials (sand, soil, rocks, gravel, cements, etc.) and disposal of construction waste, etc. 2.3 Other construction activities and operation of construction equipment and machinery, workers activities vehicles, and loading and unloading activities. - Noise and vibration due to transportation and loading and unloading activities. - Water pollution caused by runoff water containing oil and grease. - Temporary increase in volume of the local traffic system due to increasing traffic flow and. - Increase safety risk to local residents and other nuisance. - Air pollution due to fugitive dust and exhausted gases from trucks. - Noise and vibration caused by vehicles. construction machinery. - Domestic solid waste generated by construction workers, construction campsite. Kitchen, toilets. - Improper disposition of hazardous wastes such as waste oil, spent lubricant, and contaminated materials resulting from leakage of oil and fuel. - Improper handling and storage of hazardous and chemical substances and construction materials. - Temporary increase in volume of the local traffic system due to increasing traffic flow and. - Increased use of local resources; potential conflict between workers and local people; Low to medium, localized, temporary, and can be mitigated, unavoidable Low to medium, localized, temporary, and can be mitigated, unavoidable REEN.JSC 25

26 Activities Negative impacts Significant level health issues and social evils. 3. Operation phase 3.1 Risk due to inappropriate operation of spillway gate/culvert gate 3.2 Risk due to increasing water storage of reservoir May cause flood and possible impacts on water quality and water uses in downstream area. Potential loss of life, animals, and property due to floods and/or dam breach (in worse case) Potential loss in terrestrial biodiversity and habitats, and increase in landscape fragmentation. 4.3 Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures a) During construction Small, can be mitigated during detailed design. Institutional capacity building component could help reducing the risk Risk will be small but if happens the damage will be high. DSR has been prepared to mitigate the potential risk during detailed design, increased awareness and capacity building of local community could help reducing the risk Potential negative impacts would occur during site clearance, construction and operation. Key impacts and mitigation measures are as follows: Impacts: The amounts of input materials necessary for this subproject construction are estimated to be 150,000 m 3 for fill-land, 1,748 m 3 for stone, and 11,278 m 3 for sand and gravel, which will be provided by licensed quarries in Duy Phu, Que Son, and Phuc Tuong communes, located within km from the project site. The transportation routes for these input materials to the subproject sites follow Road 610B which does not pass through any residential areas or public facilities such as schools or hospitals. Therefore, no significant potential impacts are expected. The opening of the borrow pits for this subproject will need to go through approval process by the provincial authority and comply with the current regulation on land compensation. The impacts of the borrow pit includes: cutting of planted trees, loss of topsoil, land instability from incorrect earth removal or unstable deposition of spoil, leading to erosion; discharge of sediments into watercourses, dust emissions affecting health, and visual impacts. The distance from the borrow pit to the construction site is within 1km and access roads would not be needed. The public land reserved for opening these borrow pits has been approved by the local authority. The transportation routes from the borrow pits would REEN.JSC 26

27 not pass through any residential areas or public facilities. Therefore, no major impacts on the public health are expected during the opening and operation of the borrow pits. The contractor will prepare and implement a Contract Specific Environmental Plan (CSEP) in compliance with the ECOP that includes management of borrow pits and their closure plans. Impacts on the environment occur due to construction of items such as reinforcement, reconstructions spillway and new installation sluice. However, the work is of small scale, short construction time, so the amount of waste, dust from building progress, living waste of workers on site, overflow rain water etc. is small, insignificantly affecting the environment. Mitigation measures: The above impacts can be mitigated by (a) ensuring that the application and supervision of ECOP and (b) conduct UXO clearance at the proposed borrow pits as needed. Details are as follows: Application of ECOP: applying ECOP (Annex 1) prepared for the subproject together with the supervision of the Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC) and field engineers and in cooperation of the community and local authority. The ECOP will be incorporated into the bidding and construction contract documents. The CSC will be responsible for the day-today supervision and monitoring of contractor s safeguard performance and this requirement will be included as part of the CSC s TOR (see draft in Annex 2). The ECOP scope is briefed as follows: - Part 1 (General provisions) request contractors (a) to prepare the Contract Specific Environmental Plan (CSEP) stipulating detailed measures necessary for avoiding or mitigating negative impacts during subproject implementation; (b) keep close contact with the local authority and community on the whole progress of construction; (c) ensure safeguard for the local residents, preventing conflicts between workers on site and the people. - Part 2 (Management of Construction) describes specific requirements for mitigation measures under five specific sub-plans: i.e. Management of Construction Sites and Activities; Management of Environmental Quality; Management of Work Camp; Management of Stockpiles, Quarries, and Borrow Pits, and Management of Dredging and monitoring plan. Detailed on the sub-plans will be incorporated into the CSEP to be prepared by contractor and approved and supervised by the supervision consultant as required under Part 1. b) During Operation The potential negative impact during operation of the subproject would be limited to the potential risks related to failure of dams and potential land/water use conflicts during sluice operation and local floods. Section 4.4 describes the issues and mitigation measures related to dam safety. During the preparation of the EMP, information regarding the local communities and land use at risk downstream of the main dams, auxiliary dams, sluices, and spillways have been identified as shown in Table 4.4. Although the risk is low however when happen (worse case) the impact on local people and environment will be high. Operation of spillway and sluice gates, and reservoir may change water quality and quantity in the reservoir and this may cause water pollution and flooding downstream. To mitigate this potential risk it is necessary to (a) ensure appropriate design and construction; (b) effective operation and mainteance (O&M) and timely inspection of dams and auxially facilities. including provide training to staff and insatllation of necessary instruments; and (c) increase knowledge and awareness of local people and promote their networking so that REEN.JSC 27

28 they could be preapred and/or handle flood events. The mitgation measures (a) and (b) will be discussed in Section 4.5 below while the measures on (c) will be implemented following the CBDRM approach and is considered part of the EMP for the subproject. During the subproject implementation PPMU with assistance from the Provincial Environmental Managemnt Consultants (PEMC) will establish community network and provide training on ways to address flood issues. A budget will be provided for the activities as part of the EMP cost (about US$10.000/community). Table 4.4 Identification of community at risks Downstream of the dam and auxiliary works # HHs at downstream are likely to suffer the risk of failures Remarks Main dam - Bitumen road 65.3 km Auxilary dam 1 - Power line 160 km Auxilary dam 2 - Post office 15 Auxilary dam 3 - School 10 Auxilary dam Cattle 2500 Auxilary dam 5 - Pig Culvert - Pountry Spillway 750 total Dam Safety In line with Dam Safety Framework (DSF), the subproject is considered large dam and a Dam Safety Report for the subproject has been prepared. The DSR presents (i) technical description of works; (ii) a plan for construction supervision and quality assurance; (iii) a preliminary Operation and Maintenance (O&M) plan, including training and capacity building of staff; and (iv) a framework of the Emergency Preparedness Plan including an estimate of the funds needed to prepare the plan in detail. The DSR will be submitted to WB for clearance. 4.5 Summary of Impacts and Mitigation Measures Table 4.5 summarizes the potential negative impacts of the subprojects which is consistent with the initial assessment conducted during the ESMF preparation. Table 4.6 summarizes the mitigation measures proposed for the subprojects while the implementation arrangement and EMP cost is provided in Section VI. REEN.JSC 28

29 Table 4.5 Summary of impacts and mitigation measures for the subproject Subproject 5: Repair, upgrade Thach Ban reservoir, Duy Xuyen district (Quang Nam) (86 bil VND); Scope includes: Main dam, auxiliary dams, spillway, Sluice, and management house. Background/key issues:[ reduce the vulnerability due to the external factors such as drought, floods and erosion, flood control issues will be enhanced, protect more than 20,258 people in 3 communes (Duy Phu, Duy Thu), protect infrastructure such as houses of citizens, clinics, post offices, markets, kindergartens, primary schools, secondary schools, inter-village transportation system and electricity];[150,000 m 3 of fill-land, 1, m 3 of stone, 11, m 3 of sand and gravel are needed for the construction; Air, noise and water pollution] Components Physical Biological Socio Others Key mitigation measures Air, noise, vibrati on Land, soil, water Solid waste, Sludg e Forest, natura l habita ts Fish, aquatic life Land acquis ition. resettl ement Indigen ous peoples Physic al cultural resourc es Pre-const. L L L N L H N L M L L - Ensure effective implementation of Construction M M M N L N N L M M M ECOP and consultation with local residents Operation N N N N N N N N M L N -To ensure effective O/M; implement the measures described in the Dam Safety Report; Build capacity of local community with high risks by increase awareness and networking on flood response following the CBDRM principle. Promotion of community forest could reduce sedimentation in the reservoir. Note: The following criteria are used for the assessment of level of impacts: None (N) no impact; Low (L) Small works, minor impacts, localized, reversible, temporary; Medium (M) Small works in coastal/sensitive areas, medium scale works with moderate impacts of which most are reversible, reducible and manageable, localized, temporary; High (H) Medium scale works in coastal/sensitive area, large scale works with significant impacts (socially and/or environmentally) of which many are irreversible and require compensation. Liveli hood, comm unity distur bance Local flood, traffic, safety Offsite impac ts REEN.JSC 29

30 Table 4.6: Mitigation measures proposed for the subproject Activities causing impacts (1) Construction of dams, spillway, culvert (3) In operation process Mitigation measures During detailed design: incorporate ECOP into the bidding and contract documents and inform contractors on this obligation. Mitigation measures identified in the DSR will also be incorporated. During construction: Prepare CEMP and carry out mitigation measures During construction: closely supervise activities and monitor safeguard performance of contractors in cooperation with local community. After construction completed, revegetation and/or re-plantation of project land Periodical supervision and monitoring Implement a Community Engagement Program (CEP) with the local community to increase their knowledge and capacity to be responsive to flood events Prepare emergency preparedness plan Ensure effective O&M and periodic inspection on dam safety Responsibility entity and cost CPMO/PPMU; Cost for mitigation measures is part of the construction cost Contractor; Cost will be part of construction cost PPMU. local communities; Cost for monitoring and supervision is part of the supervision cost. PPMU; Cost for implementation is part of the EMP CPMO. Cost for supervision is part of the project management cost. WB also conducts supervision. PPMU; Cost for implementation is part of the EMP cost. PPMU, local authority, and dam owner; Cost will be part of the TA cost for DSR. Dam operator ; Cost will be part of the operating cost V. SUBPROJECT MONITORING PROGRAM This section describes the proposed monitoring program to be carried out during the implementation of the subproject. The program will include (a) monitoring of the safeguard performance of contractor and (b) monitoring effectiveness of the proposed mitigation measures. Subsection 5.1 briefly elaborates actions to be carried out. Subsection 5.2 describes scope of the monitoring program. 5.1 Actions to be Conducted during Subproject Implementation The contractor will recruit a group of national consultants (the Environmental Contractor) to assist in the planning and implementation of safeguard measures to be carried out by the contractor, including preparation of the Contract Specific Environmental Plan REEN.JSC 30

31 (CSEP) and communication with local authorities and local communities. In particular, the Environmental Contractor would carry out the following tasks: - Prepare a CSEP in compliance with the ECOP, identifying the impacts on safety of resident and general public, dust/noise suppression, waste management, and traffic congestion, etc. - Before the launch of the construction, confirm to the Construction Supervising Consultant (CSC) that all the safeguard issues related to the subproject during site clearance and construction have been addressed and CSEP have been approved by the concerned parties; - During construction stage, monitor the compliance with the agreed environmental plan, and maintain close consultation with the community residents, and information disclosure and timely responsive to any possible complaints from residents and general public throughout the construction duration; - At the completion of the construction, confirm the compliance with the agreed environmental plan, including re-vegetation and/or plantation of project area and inspect any damages incurred to be paid by the contractor. If necessary, prepare an order to compensate/restore the construction sites as specified in the contracts; and - Prepare a periodical report to the contractor and the subproject owners as agreed in the CSEP. During pre-construction, PPMU will carry out the following actions: - Establish a Provincial Environmental and Social Unit (PESU) and assign at least one full time staff to be responsible for coordination and forging effective implementation of safeguard, including hiring of consultants to assist in the management and monitoring. - In preparing detailed design, identify the required mitigation measures to be implemented to address the concerns from the affected population and key stakeholders and further reduce the negative impacts both from social and environmental aspects. - In preparing the bidding document, include the ECOP (Annex 1) in the bidding and contract documents and ensure that the contractors are aware of the safeguard obligation and commit to comply. The Cost for mitigating the impacts during construction must be included as part of the subproject cost. The supervision and/or field engineers will be responsible for supervision and monitoring of safeguard performance of contractor and this responsibility will be included in the TOR for CSC and/or field engineers (see Annex 2); During construction. PPMU will assign the responsibility for day-to-day supervision and monitoring to the CSC and/or field engineers and the results will be included in the subproject progress report. The contractor will recruit a group of national consultants (the Environmental Contractor) to assist in the planning, implementation of safeguard measures to be carried out by the contractor, including preparation of the Contract Specific Environmental Plan (CSEP) and communication with local authorities and local communities. The Environmental Contractor will be responsible for monitoring the compliance with the agreed environmental plan and maintaining close consultation with the community residents, including ensuring timely information disclosure and responding to any possible complaints from residents and general public throughout the construction duration. At the completion of the construction, the Environmental Contractor will confirm the compliance with the agreed environmental plan and inspect any damages incurred to be paid by the contractor. If necessary, prepare an order to compensate/restore the construction sites as specified in the contracts. REEN.JSC 31