STUDY OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE USING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIALS

Transcription

1 STUDY OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE USING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIALS Guided By:- Dr. Ami H. Shah Prepared by :- Patel Vivek p. Patel Maulik C. Patel Sapneel D. Chaudhary Anil J.

2 Introduction Objective Literature review Methodology Material Result Conclusion References CONTENTS

3 INTRODUCTION Considering the volume, concrete is the first mostly used building material in the world. It is obtained by mixing cement, water, aggregate and sometimes admixtures in required proportions. The Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) is one of the main ingredients used for the production of concrete and has no alternative in the civil construction industry. Unfortunately, production of cement involves emission of large amounts of carbon-dioxide gas into the atmosphere, a major contributor for green house effect and the global warming, hence it is inevitable either to search for another material or partly replace it by some other material.

4 The search for any such material, which can be used as an alternative or as a supplementary for cement should lead to global sustainable development and lowest possible environmental impact. Fly ash, Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag, Rice husk ash, Marble dust, silica fume are some of the mineral admixture which can be used in concrete as partial replacement of cement. A number of studies are going on in India as well as abroad to study the impact of use of this mineral admixture as cement replacements and the results are encouraging.

5 OBJECTIVES To use cementitious material in concrete mix design. To compare the mechanical properties of modified concrete and conventional concrete. To compare the cost of modified concrete with conventional concrete. Understand the properties of concrete in order to introducing the cementitious material. Utilization of waste and by-product to improve the properties of concrete.

6 1. Jeena Mathew LITERATURE REVIEW Effect of fly ash on strength and durability parameters of concrete International Journal of Engineering Sciences & Emerging Technologies, August Volume 3, Issue 1, pp: Consistency of cement depends upon its fineness. fly ash is having greater fineness than cement and greater surface area so the consistency increases greatly, when fly ash percentage increases. The normal consistency increases about 40% when fly ash percentage increases from 0% to 20%. The optimum 7 and 28-day compressive strength and flexural strength have been obtained in the range of % fly ash replacement level. Increase in split tensile strength beyond 10 % fly ash replacement is almost insignificant where as gain in flexural tensile strength have occurred even up to 15 % replacements.

7 2. V. Bhikshma, and Y.Venkateshamc Investigations on mechanical properties of high strength fly ash concrete Asian journal of civil engineering (building and housing) vol. 10, no. 3 (2009) pages Cement replacement up to 12% with fly ash leads to increase in compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength, for both M40 and M50 grades. Beyond 12% there is a decrease in compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength for 28 days curing period.

8 3. Dr. R.N.Uma Experimental investigation on fly ash as partial replacement of cement in high performance concrete The International Journal Of Engineering And Science (IJES) Volume2 Pages High performance concrete produced from cement replacement up to 7.5% fly ash leads to increase in compressive strength, split tensile and Flexure strength of concrete. High Performance Concrete with fly ash can be effectively used in high rise buildings since high early strength is required, and the construction period can be reduced. The percentage of increase in the compressive strength is 15%, Split tensile strength is 20% and the flexure strength is 23% at the age of 28 days by replacing 7.5% of cement by fly ash.

9 4. S. Bhanjaa Influence of marble dust on the tensile strength of concrete Cement and Concrete Research 35 (2005) The optimum marble dust replacement percentages for tensile strengths have been found to be a function of w/cm ratio of the mix. The optimum 28- day split tensile strength has been obtained in the range of 5 10% marble dust replacement level, whereas the value for flexural strength ranged from 15% to 25%.

10 5. Vaidevi C Study on marble dust as partial replacement of cement in concrete. Indian Journal Of Engineering. it is concluded that the marble dust can be used as a replacement for cement. Test results indicate that the 10% of marble dust in the cement concrete gives the best results. And also increase in curing days will increase the strength of marble dust concrete when compared from 14 days to 28 days.

11 Step 1 :- Problem identification METHODOLOGY Step 2 :- Material Selection Cement Marble dust Fly ash Fine aggregate Coarse aggregate Step 3 :- Checking of physical properties of testing material Step 4 :- Mix Design Step 5 :- Selecting different proportion of cementitious material Step 6 :- Concrete curing Step 7 :- Checking Mechanical properties Step 8 :- Result analysis Step 9 :- Conclusion

12 FLY ASH MATERIAL Fly ash is a by-product of the combustion of coal in thermal power plants. Concrete using fly ash is generally reported to show reduced segregation and bleeding and to be more satisfactory than plain concrete when placed by pumping. Replacement of cement by fly ash results in a reduction in the temperature rise in fresh Concrete. As concrete where cooling, following a large temperature rise, can lead to cracking.

13 MARBLE DUST Stone wastes are generated as a waste during the process of cutting and polishing. It is estimated that 175 million tons of quarrying waste are produced each year, and although a portion of this waste may be utilized on-site, such as for excavation pit refill or berm construction. The disposals of these waste materials acquire large land areas and remain scattered all around, spoiling the aesthetic of the entire region.

14 CEMENT Cement is a fine, grey powder. Cement is mixed with water and materials such as sand, gravel, and crushed stone to make concrete. The cement and water form a paste that binds the other materials together as the concrete hardens. The most commonly used cement is called ordinary Portland cement. Ordinary Portland cement of different grades OPC-33, OPC-43 and OPC-53 are available in the market and are generally used for producing flash fiber reinforced concrete. In this work Ultratech cement of 53 grade was used for casting cubes for all concrete mixes.

15 FINE AGGREGATE The sand used for the work was locally procured and conformed to Indian Standard Specifications IS: The sand was sieved through 4.75 mm sieve to remove any particles greater than 4.75 mm. The various other tests conducted are specific density, bulk density, fineness modulus, water absorption and sieve analysis. Fine aggregated belonged to grading zone III.

16 COARSE AGGREGATE The material which is retained on IS sieve no is termed as a coarse aggregate. The crushed stone is generally used as a coarse aggregate. Locally available coarse aggregate having the maximum size of 10 mm was used in this work. The aggregates were washed to remove dust and dirt and were dried to surface dry condition.

17 MIX PROPORTIONING All the samples were prepared using design M30 grade of concrete. Mix design was done based on I.S The Table below show mix proportion of concrete (Kg/m3) Sr. No Material Quantity (Kg/m3) 1. Cement (OPC) Fine Aggregate Coarse Aggregate Water 186

18 TEST ON CONCRETE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH In the study of strength of material, the compressive strength is the capacity of a material or structure to withstand loads tending to reduce size. It can be measured by plotting applied force against deformation in a testing machine. Some material fracture at their compressive strength limit; others deform irreversibly, so a given amount of deformation may be considered as the limit for compressive load. Compressive strength is a key value for design of structures.

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20 SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH Tensile strength is an important property of concrete because concrete structures are highly vulnerable to tensile cracking due to various kinds of effects and applied loading itself. However, tensile strength of concrete is very low in compared to its compressive strength. This test could be performed in accordance with IS :

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22 FLEXURAL STRENGTH Flexural strength, also known as modulus of rupture, bend strength, or fracture strength mechanical parameter for brittle material, is defined as a material's ability to resist deformation under load. The transverse bending test is most frequently employed, in which a specimen having either a circular or rectangular cross-section is bent until fracture or yielding using a three point flexural strength technique. The flexural strength represents the highest stress experienced within the material at its moment of rupture. It is measured in terms of stress.

23 RESULT Here the results of the control concrete and concrete made with replacement of fly ash and marble dust with cement are discussed. A compression machine was used for all compression strength testing at a load rate of 0.15 MPa/s. For each specimen, the load was continuously applied without shock until failure. The average strength of three specimens from each batch was reported as final strength. The tests were performed at 7 and 28 days for the strength.

24 RESULTANT STRENGTH OF FLY ASH Mix % of fly ash added Compressive Strength(N/mm²) Split tensile Strength(N/mm²) Flexural Strength(N/mm²) 7 days 28 days 7 days 28 days 7 days 28 days M M M M

25 compressive strength (N/mm2) COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH % of fly ash 7 days 28 days

26 split tensile strength (N/mm2) SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH % of fly ash 7 days 28 days

27 Flexural strength (N/mm2) FLEXURAL STRENGTH days 28 days 7 days 28 days % of fly ash

28 RESULTANT STRENGTH OF MARBLE DUST Mix % of Compressive Strength(N/mm²) Split tensile Strength(N/mm²) Flexural Strength(N/mm²) marble 7 days 28 days 7 days 28 days 7 days 28 days dust added M M M M

29 Compressive strength (N/mm2) COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH % of marble dust 7 days 28 days

30 Split tensile strength (N/mm2) SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH % of marble dust 7 days 28 days

31 Flexural strength (N/mm2) FLEXURAL STRENGTH % of marble dust 7 days 28 days

32 COMPARISON AND DISCUSSION Compressive strength of fly ash & marble dust Compressive strength mix % of Fly ash Marble dust material 7 days 28 days 7 days 28 days added M M M M

33 Compressive strength (N/mm2) Compressive strength between fly ash & marble dust at 7 days Fly ash Marble dust % of material added

34 Compressive strength (N/mm2) Compressive strength between fly ash & marble dust at 28 days % of material added Fly ash Marble dust

35 Split tensile strength of fly ash & marble dust split tensile strength mix % of Fly ash Marble dust material added 7 days 28 days 7 days 28 days M M M M

36 Split tensile strength (N/mm2) Split tensile strength between fly ash & marble dust at 7 days Fly ash Marble dust % of material added

37 Split tensile strength (N/mm2) Split tensile strength between fly ash & marble dust at 28 days Fly ash Marble dust % of material added

38 Flexural strength of fly ash & marble dust flexural strength mix % of Fly ash Marble dust material 7 days 28 days 7 days 28 days added M M M M

39 Flexural strength (N/mm2) Flexural strength between fly ash & marble dust at 7 days % of material added Fly ash Marble dust

40 Flexural strength (N/mm2) Flexural strength between fly ash & marble dust at 28 days Fly ash Marble dust % of material added

41 CONCLUSION Addition of fly ash and marble dust to concrete can be conveniently achieved with the present day technology. This study has shown that it is possible to produce high strength concrete using the locally available materials with proper amount of mineral admixtures. High compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength of concrete was achieved when marble powder was replaced at 10% by weight of cement in concrete. On comparative basis, results indicated that compressive strength of fly ash and marble dust concrete specimens were higher than those of plain concrete specimens at all ages.

42 The results of the present investigation indicated that the maximum compressive strength and flexural strength occur at about 10 % fly ash content and split tensile strength at 15%. In addition of marble dust get higher compressive strength than addition of fly ash at 10% replacement of cement by weight. Higher split tensile strength achieved in case of fly ash than the addition of marble dust at 15% replacement of cement by weight. Higher flexural strength achieved in case of fly ash than the addition of marble dust at 10% replacement of cement by weight.

43 REFERANCES Charif, H., Jaccoud, J-P., and Alou, F., "Reduction of Deformations with the Use of Concrete Admixtures" Admixtures for Concrete: Improvement of Properties. Duval, R. and Kadri, E.H., Influence of silica fume on the workability and the compressive strength of high-performance concretes, Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 28, No. 4, 1998, pp Effect of Fly Ash Additive on Concrete Properties, C.Marthong, T.P.Agrawal / International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, Vol. 2, Issue4, July-August 2012.

44 Effect of Mineral Admixtures on Mechanical Properties of High Strength Concrete Made with Locally Available Materials, Muhannad Ismeik, Jordan Journal of Civil Engineering, Volume 3, No. 1, Incorporation of Mineral Admixtures in Sustainable High Performance Concrete, Nima Farzadnia1*, Abang Abdullah Abang Ali1 and Ramazan Demirboga, International Journal of Sustainable Construction Engineering & Technology Vol 2, Issue 1, June M.S. SHETTY, Concrete Technology Theory and Practice, S. Chand Publication. S. Bhanja, B. Sengupta, Modified water cement ratio law for silica fume concretes, Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 33, 2003, Study on Strength Development of High Strength Concrete Containing Fly ash and Silica fume, A R Hariharan et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST).

45 Thank you