Schematic Design in Revit Structure: Leveraging the Value of BIM for Early Design Decisions

Transcription

1 Schematic Design in Revit Structure: Leveraging the Value of BIM for Early Design Decisions David J. Odeh, PE, SECB Principal, Odeh Engineers, Inc

2 Class Summary In this class we will explore ways to use Autodesk Revit Structure and the Revit Extensions in schematic design to make key early structural decisions that can drive overall project success.

3 Learning Objectives At the end of this class, you will be able to: Deliver more value to your clients by using BIM in early project phases Use the design options feature of Revit more effectively to illustrate and analyze different structural system concepts Develop a workflow for conceptual and schematic design using Revit Structure Use Revit Extensions to rapidly explore different design concepts for steel framing systems

4 Elevating the Role of Schematic Design

5 Early Design Decisions Are The Most Valuable The Macleamy Curve Source: Integrated Project Delivery: A Guide AIA 2007

6 Collaborative Project Delivery LEVEL OF COLLABORATION High Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) Design Build Construction Manager at Risk Low Design Bid Build

7 The BIM Pit : Teams must adapt to a new paradigm Architect Architect Mechanical Structural Engineer Construction Manager Engineer Construction Plumbing Engineer Manager Mechanical Engineer Electrical Engineer

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9 Managing Expectations by Phase PHASE BIM CAD Schematic Design Design Development Construction Documents Basic model Model with sizes Model content sufficient for clash detection Design narrative Plans, typical details 2D coordination documents Construction Administration Share model with fabricators Share CAD backgrounds with fabricators $$$ = same fee?

10 Workflows for Schematic Design using Revit Structure 2012

11 Suggested Workflow for Schematic Design Select key design parameters Create Revit model with sufficient level of detail for comparison Create design options in Revit for key systems Extract design option comparison data Create comparison matrix and graphics Select design options for further development

12 1 Select design parameters Key Design Parameters for Structural Systems EXAMPLE OF PROJECT TARGET OBJECTIVES PROGRAM COST SCHEDULE PROJECT GOALS STRUCTURAL SYSTEM PARAMETERS Minimize story height Maximize area Achieve sustainability/ LEED rating Architectural/aesthetic goals Occupant comfort and serviceability Floor framing depths Slab thickness Column grid/spacing Foundation wall thickness Recycled material content Vibration properties Minimize material costs Minimize labor costs Minimize overhead/general conditions Steel weight Concrete volume Rebar weight Eliminate long lead delays Avoid winter conditions Deliver project on certain date Steel piece count/picks Interdependency of systems (e.g. bearing walls) Constructability Interdependence of Goals/Parameters

13 2 Create Revit model Model Main Systems to Sufficient Level of Detail EXAMPLE OF LEVEL OF DETAIL FOR FOUNDATION Concept Design Design Development Construction Documents What will be extracted from model? What are key graphical elements to be visualized? How will level of detail be documented?

14 3 Create design options Create Design Option Sets in Revit Structure Isolate elements of optional systems Foundations Floor framing Roof framing Lateral force resisting systems Special systems (e.g., transfer trusses) Create option sets for each system

15 3 Create design options Typical Structural Design Options OPTION SET Foundations Shallow and Intermediate Foundations Deep Basement Walls Superstructure Floor Framing Superstructure Lateral Force Resisting System Superstructure Roof Framing Special Conditions EXAMPLE DESIGN OPTIONS Footings, mat/raft, concrete piers Precast concrete piles, steel piles, concrete caissons/drilled shafts, auger cast piles Sheet piles with concrete, slurry wall, soil mix wall, secant pile wall Steel composite slab on deck, steel framing with non-composite form deck Steel braced frames, steel moment frames, masonry shear walls, concrete shear walls, concrete moment frames Steel beams, open web steel joists, wood trusses, wood rafters, long span deck vs. short span deck Transfer girder options (e.g. plate girder vs. truss) Long span roof options (e.g. gable shaped truss vs. arched truss)

16 4 Extract comparison data Extract Design Option Comparison Data

17 4 Extract comparison data Typical Structural Parameters for Comparison (1 of 2) OPTION SET QUANTITATIVE PARAMETERS QUALITATIVE PARAMETERS General considerations Foundations Shallow and Intermediate Foundations Deep Material quantity and counts Labor costs Volume of concrete Weight of rebar Number of footings/foundations Quantity of Soil Removal Pile count Pile cap/grade beam volume of concrete and rebar Constructability Aesthetics Ease of coordination Potential risks during construction Speed of construction Lead time of materials Time of year for concrete curing (winter vs. summer) Lead time for pile types Potential ground obstructions and broken piles

18 4 Extract comparison data Typical Structural Parameters for Comparison (2 of 2) OPTION SET QUANTITATIVE PARAMETERS QUALITATIVE PARAMETERS Basement Walls Floor Framing Lateral Force Resisting System Volume of Concrete Weight of rebar Weight of steel framing Piece count of steel members Volume of slab concrete Area/weight of steel deck Depth Fire rating Volume of concrete/rebar in shear walls Weight of steel braces Piece count - braces Welded/special connections Speed of construction Support of excavation requirements Ease of coordination with MEP systems Serviceability and durability Constructability Soundproofing/acoustics Vibration characteristics Ease of coordination with other systems Coordination of construction with temporary and permanent bracing

19 5 Create comparison matrix Create Comparison Matrix and Graphics Represent each option graphically Create tables for each option with key parameters

20 6 Select for further development Select Design Options For Further Development Promote selected design options Refine level of detail Refine estimated parameters Create more options?

21 Benefits of this Workflow Documented and auditable trail of decisions Quantitative and qualitative information Improved efficiency of construction documentation Key problems solved early in design process Team interaction builds buy-in and ownership of project decisions

22 Using Design Options in Revit Structure 2012

23 Key Features of Design Options Create design option sets for key structural features and systems Options can vary in complexity Particularly useful in schematic design Incorporate options into main model once completed

24 Using Design Options: Demonstration

25 Considerations When Using Design Options Main model elements cannot reference design option elements Levels, views, and annotations cannot be added to design options Higher complexity options may require separate model Add views to main model Dedicate views to design options and annotate Rule of thumb make a separate model if >50% of elements are in an option

26 Parametric Modeling for Steel Floor Design

27 Steel Floor Framing Design using Revit Extensions Design options do not play well with Revit Extensions Bay studies best done using multiple floors in same model Extensions are powerful tools for studying options Demonstration: Composite Designer for Bay Study

28 Demonstration of Bay Study with Revit Extensions

29 Case Study Projects

30 CASE STUDY 1 New Student Residence Hall Tower CHALLENGES 21-story tower on urban site Cantilever over underground culvert KEY PARAMETERS Foundations: Cost/schedule for pile installation Framing system: Concrete shear core vs. steel bracing DESIGN OPTIONS Foundations: 3 types of pile systems Lateral force resisting system: Braced frames and concrete shear core

31 CASE STUDY 1 Foundation Design Options Evaluate options DESIGN OPTION 1 DESIGN OPTION 2 DESIGN OPTION 3 based on: Caisson Steel H-Pile Precast Concrete Cost Foundation Foundation Pile Foundation Risk Schedule Cost lower by Constructability $500K Easier to construct

32 CASE STUDY 1 Lateral Framing Design Options Evaluate options based on: Cost Risk Schedule Constructability DESIGN OPTION 1 Concrete Shear Wall DESIGN OPTION 2 Steel Braced Frame Cost lower by $1 million Faster to construct

33 CASE STUDY 2 New Biotech Laboratory Building CHALLENGES Aesthetic appeal in urban area Developer-driven speculative building Flexible layout for lab tenants KEY PARAMETERS Steel weight and piece count Vibration criteria for lab equipment DESIGN OPTIONS Steel floor grids Concrete floor option

34 CASE STUDY 2 Compare Typical Floor Bay Weight

35 CASE STUDY 3 Renovations to Existing Building to Remove Columns CHALLENGES BEFORE Remove 9 columns in existing concrete building Limited budget and schedule AFTER KEY PARAMETERS Constructability Construction schedule Cost of steel DESIGN OPTIONS Plate girder system with new columns Full story transfer truss at second floor

36 CASE STUDY 3 Compare Options By Piece Count And Steel Weights

37 CASE STUDY 4 New Addition to Hospital Over Existing Loading Dock CHALLENGES Construction over existing active loading dock Large transfer girder requirements Future vertical expansion KEY PARAMETERS Steel weight Piece count Shoring/disruption of loading dock DESIGN OPTIONS Numerous concepts for transfer

38 CASE STUDY 4 Comparison for Constructability Analysis DESIGN OPTION 1 Plate Girder Transfers DESIGN OPTION 2 Cantilever Hat Truss DESIGN OPTION 3 Hanger Truss BENEFITS: Deeper members Some shoring in loading dock 2500 tons BENEFITS: Shallower members No shoring 2300 tons BENEFITS: Shallower members More usable space in top floor 2400 tons

39 Conclusion BIM can be a powerful tool for early design decisions Consider key systems and parameters for schematic design Leverage Revit design options, Revit Extensions to improve workflow Combine quantitative and graphical output for powerful decision making tools

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