This reference document provides excerpts from building codes that state what is required, by law, for interior environments.

Transcription

1 Ohio University Interior Architecture Matthew Ziff, M.Arch, Associate Professor Codes Check 1 This reference document provides excerpts from building codes that state what is required, by law, for interior environments. 1. Building- per FBC-B I. Construction Type- per Section General. Buildings and structures erected or to be erected, altered or extended in height or area shall be classified in one of the five construction types defined in Sections 60. through The building elements shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that specified in Table 601 and exterior walls shall have a fire-resistance rating not less than that specified in Table Minimum requirements. A building or portion thereof shall not be required to conform to the details of a type of construction higher than that type, which meets the minimum requirements based on occupancy even though certain features of such a building actually conform to a higher type of construction. 60. Types I and II. Type I and II construction are those types of construction in which the building elements listed in Table 601 are of noncombustible materials, except as permitted in Section 60 and elsewhere in this code. 60. Type III. Type III construction is that type of construction in which the exterior walls are of noncombustible materials and the interior building elements are of any material permitted by this code. Fire-retardant-treated wood framing complying with Section 0. shall be permitted within exterior wall assemblies of a -hour rating or less. 60. Type IV. Type IV construction (Heavy Timber, HT) is that type of construction in which the exterior walls are of noncombustible materials and the interior building elements are of solid or laminated wood without concealed spaces. The details of Type IV construction shall comply with the provisions of this section. Fireretardant-treated wood framing complying with Section

2 0. shall be permitted within exterior wall assemblies with a -hour rating or less. Minimum solid sawn nominal dimensions are required for structures built using Type IV construction (HT). For gluedlaminated members the equivalent net finished width and depths corresponding to the minimum nominal width and depths of solid sawn lumber are required as specified in Table Columns. Wood columns shall be sawn or glued laminated and shall not be less than 8 inches (0 mm), nominal, in any dimension where supporting floor loads and not less than 6 inches (15 mm) nominal in width and not less than 8 inches (0 mm) nominal in depth where supporting roof and ceiling loads only. Columns shall be continuous or superimposed and connected in an approved manner Floor framing. Wood beams and girders shall be of sawn or glued-laminated timber and shall be not less than 6 inches (15 mm) nominal in width and not less than 10 inches (5 mm) nominal in depth. Framed sawn or gluedlaminated timber arches, which spring from the floor line and support floor loads, shall be not less than 8 inches (0 mm) nominal in any dimension. Framed timber trusses supporting floor loads shall have members of not less than 8 inches (0 mm) nominal in any dimension Roof framing. Wood-frame or glued-laminated arches for roof construction, which spring from the floor line or from grade and do not support floor loads, shall have members not less than 6 inches (15 mm) nominal in width and have less than 8 inches (0 mm) nominal in depth for the lower half of the height and not less than 6 inches (15 mm) nominal in depth for the upper half. Framed or glued- laminated arches for roof construction that spring from the top of walls or wall abutments, framed timber trusses and other roof framing, which do not support floor loads, shall have members not less than inches (10 mm) nominal in width and not less than 6 inches (15 mm) nominal in depth. Spaced members shall be permitted to be composed of two or more pieces not less than inches (76 mm) nominal in thickness where blocked solidly

3 throughout their intervening spaces or where spaces are tightly closed by a continuous wood cover plate of not less than inches (51 mm) nominal in thickness secured to the underside of the members. Splice plates shall be not less than inches (76 mm) nominal in thickness. Where protected by approved automatic sprinklers under the roof deck, framing members shall be not less than inches (76 mm) nominal in width Floors. Floors shall be without concealed spaces. Wood floors shall be of sawn or gluedlaminated planks, splined or tongue-and-groove, of not less than inches (76 mm) nominal in thickness covered with 1-inch (5 mm) nominal dimension tongue-and-groove flooring, laid crosswise or diagonally, or 0.5-inch (1.7 mm) particleboard or planks not less than inches (10 mm) nominal in width set on edge close together and well spiked and covered with 1-inch (5 mm) nominal dimension flooring or 15 / -inch (1 mm) wood structural panel or 0.5-inch (1.7 mm) particleboard. The lumber shall be laid so that no continuous line of joints will occur except at points of support. Floors shall not extend closer than 0.5 inch (1.7 mm) to walls. Such 0.5-inch (1.7 mm) space shall be covered by a molding fastened to the wall and so arranged that it will not obstruct the swelling or shrinkage movements of the floor. Corbeling of masonry walls under the floor shall be permitted to be used in place of molding Roofs. Roofs shall be without concealed spaces and wood roof decks shall be sawn or glued laminated, splined or tongue-and-groove plank, not less than inches (51 mm) nominal in thickness, 1 1 / 8 -inch-thick ( mm) wood structural panel (exterior glue), or of planks not less than inches (76 mm) nominal in width, set on edge close together and laid as required for floors. Other types of decking shall be permitted to be used if providing equivalent fire resistance and structural properties Partitions. Partitions shall be of solid wood construction formed by not less than two layers of 1-inch (5 mm) matched boards or laminated

4 construction inches (10 mm) thick, or of 1- hour fire-resistance-rated construction Exterior structural members. Where a horizontal separation of 0 feet (6096 mm) or more is provided, wood columns and arches conforming to heavy timber sizes shall be permitted to be used externally Type V. Type V construction is that type of construction in which the structural elements, exterior walls and interior walls are of any materials permitted by this code. II. Number of Stories- per Table 50 III. Square Footage- per Table 50 Height limitations shown as stories and feet above grade plane. Area limitations as determined by the definition of "Area, building," per story HGT(feet) TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION TYPE I TYPE II TYPE III TYPE IV TYPE V A B A B A B HT A B GROUP S A-1 A S A- A S A- A S A- A S A-5 A S B A S E/D A S F-1 A S F-/F- A S H-1 A H- d S A H- d S A S H- A S H-5 A S I-1 A S I- A S I- A HGT(S) ,000 1, ,500 16, , ,000 15,500 15,500 15,500 15, ,500 6,500 5, , ,000 11,000 6, ,500 7,500 19,000 15,000 15,000 8,500 9,500 9,500 9,500,000 1,500 15,500, , ,000 1,000 17,500,000 10, , ,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1, ,500,500 19,000 8, ,500 9,500 17, ,500 8,500 16, ,000 10,500 8,500 9,500 9,500 9,500 19,000 1,500 1,000 18, , ,000 1,000 17,500 19,000 10,000 NP NP 1 7,500 15,000 15,000 15,000 15, ,000 5,500, , ,500 10,500 5, ,000 6,000 18, ,000 1,000 11,500 11,500 11,500 11,500 18, ,500 1,000 1, , ,500 10,000 18,000 18,000 10, ,500 7, , , , ,000 9, , ,500 1,000 NP NP 1, ,000 6,500 9,000,500 NP NP 1 5,000

5 S M A S R-1 A S R- A S R- A S R- A S S-1 A S- b,c S A U c S A , , ,500 1,500,000,000,000 6, ,000 19,000 1,500 16,000 16,000 16,000 17,500 6,000 8,500 18,500,000,000,000 6,000 9,000 1,000 1,500 16,000 16,000 16,000 17,500 6,000 8,500 0,500 0,500 0,500 0,500 5, ,500 18,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 9, ,000 7,000 7,000 7, ,000 1, ,500 For SI: 1 foot = 0.8 mm, 1 square foot = m. = Unlimited, NP = Not permitted. a. See the following sections for general exceptions to Table 50: 1. Section 50., Allowable height increase due to automatic sprinkler system installation.. Section 506., Allowable area increase due to street frontage.. Section 506., Allowable area increase due to automatic sprinkler system installation.. Section 507, Unlimited area buildings. b. For open parking structures, see Section 06.. c. For private garages, see Section d. See Section 15.5 for limitations. Exception: The height of one-story aircraft hangars, aircraft paint hangars and buildings used for the manufacturing of aircraft shall not be limited if the building is provided with an automatic fire-extinguishing system in accordance with Chapter 9 and is entirely surrounded by public ways or yards not less in width than one and onehalf times the height of the building. IV. Area Modification- per section General. The areas limited by Table 50 shall be permitted to be increased due to frontage (I f ) and automatic sprinkler system protection (I s ) in accordance with the following: (Equation 5-1) where: A a = Allowable area per story (square feet). A t = Tabular area per story in accordance with Table 50 (square feet). I f = Area increase factor due to frontage as calculated in accordance with Section 506..

6 I s = Area increase factor due to sprinkler protection as calculated in accordance with Section Basements. A single basement that is not a story above grade plane need not be included in the total allowable area, provided such basement does not exceed the area permitted for a building with no more than one story above grade plane Frontage increase. Every building shall adjoin or have access to a public way to receive an area increase for frontage. Where a building has more than 5 percent of its perimeter on a public way or open space having a minimum width of 0 feet (6096 mm), the frontage increase shall be determined in accordance with the following: (Equation 5-) where: I f = Area increase due to frontage. F = Building perimeter that fronts on a public way or open space having 0 feet (6096 mm) open minimum width (feet). P = Perimeter of entire building (feet). W = Width of public way or open space (feet) in accordance with Section Width limits. "W" must be at least 0 feet (6096 mm). Where the value of W varies along the perimeter of the building, the calculation performed in accordance with Equation 5- shall be based on the weighted average of each portion of exterior wall and open space where the value of W is greater than or equal to 0 feet (6096 mm). Where W exceeds 0 feet (91 mm), a value of 0 feet (91 mm) shall be used in calculating the weighted average, regardless of the actual width of the open space. Exception: The quantity of W divided by 0 shall be permitted to be a maximum of when the building meets all requirements of Section 507 except for compliance with the 60-foot (18 88 mm) public way or yard requirement, as applicable.

7 506.. Open space limits. Such open space shall be either on the same lot or dedicated for public use and shall be accessed from a street or approved fire lane Automatic sprinkler system increase. Where a building is equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section , the area limitation in Table 50 is permitted to be increased by an additional 00 percent (I s = ) for buildings with more than one story above grade plane and an additional 00 percent (I s = ) for buildings with no more than one story above grade plane. These increases are permitted in addition to the height and story increases in accordance with Section 50.. Exception: The area limitation increases shall not be permitted for the following conditions: 1. The automatic sprinkler system increase shall not apply to buildings with an occupancy in Use Group H-1.. The automatic sprinkler system increase shall not apply to the floor area of an occupancy in Use Group H- or H-. For mixed-use buildings containing such occupancies, the allowable area shall be calculated in accordance with Section , with the sprinkler increase applicable only to the portions of the building not classified as Use Group H- or H-.. Fire-resistance rating substitution in accordance with Table 601, Note h Area determination. The maximum area of a building with more than one story above grade plane shall be determined by multiplying the allowable area of the first story (A a ), as determined in Section 506.1, by the number of stories above grade plane as listed below: 1. For buildings with two stories above grade plane, multiply by ;. For buildings with three or more stories above grade plane, multiply by ; and. No story shall exceed the allowable area per story (A a ), as determined in Section 506.1, for the occupancies on that story. Exceptions:

8 1. Unlimited area buildings in accordance with Section The maximum area of a building equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section shall be determined by multiplying the allowable area per story (A a ), as determined in Section 506.1, by the number of stories above grade plane Mixed occupancies. In buildings with mixed occupancies, the allowable area per story (A a ) shall be based on the most restrictive provisions for each occupancy when the mixed occupancies are treated according to Section When the occupancies are treated according to Section as separated occupancies, the maximum total building area shall be such that the sum of the ratios for each such area on all floors as calculated according to Section shall not exceed for two-story buildings and for buildings three stories or higher.. Occupancy- per FBC-B I. Occupancy Type- per section General. Structures or portions of structures shall be classified with respect to occupancy in one or more of the groups listed below. Structures with multiple uses shall comply with Section 0.. Where a structure is proposed for a purpose that is not specifically provided for in this code, such structure shall be classified in the group that the occupancy most nearly resembles, according to the fire safety and relative hazard involved. 1. Assembly (see Section 0): Groups A-1, A-, A-, A- and A-5. Business (see Section 0): Group B. Educational (see Section 05): Group E. Factory and Industrial (see Section 06): Groups F- 1, F- and F-. 5. High Hazard (see Section 07): Groups H-1, H-, H-, H- and H-5 6. Institutional (see Section 08): Groups I-1, I- and I- 7. Mercantile (see Section 09): Group M 8. Residential (see Section 10): Groups R-1, R-, R- as applicable in Section 101., and R-

9 9. Storage (see Section 11): Groups S-1 and S- 10. Utility and Miscellaneous (see Section 1): Group U 11. Day care (see Section 1): Group D II. Occupancy Load- per Table FLOOR AREA IN SQ FT PER FUNCTION OF SPACE OCCUPANT Accessory storage areas, mechanical 00 gross equipment room Agricultural building 00 gross Aircraft hangars 500 gross Airport terminal Baggage claim 0 gross Baggage handling 00 gross Concourse 100 gross Waiting areas 15 gross Assembly Gaming floors (keno, slots, etc.) 11 gross Assembly with fixed seats See Section Assembly without fixed seats Concentrated (chairs only-not fixed) 7 net Standing space 5 net Unconcentrated (tables and chairs) 15 net Bowling centers, allow 5 persons for each lane including 15 feet of runway, and for additional areas 7 net Business areas 100 gross Courtrooms-other than fixed seating 0 net areas Day care 0net Dormitories 50 gross Educational Classroom area Shops and other vocational room 0 net areas 50 net Exercise rooms 50 gross Exercise rooms with equipment 50 gross Exercise rooms without equipment 15 gross H-5 Fabrication and manufacturing 00 gross areas Industrial areas 100 gross Institutional areas Inpatient treatment areas Outpatient areas Sleeping areas Kitchens, commercial Library Reading rooms Stack area Locker rooms 0 gross 100 gross 10 gross 00 gross 50 net 100 gross 50 gross

10 Mercantile Areas on other floors Basement and grade floor areas Multiple street floors - each (Note 1) Storage, stock, shipping areas Parking garages Residential Skating rinks, swimming pools Rink and pool Swimming pool deck Swimming pool water surface Decks Stages and platforms Warehouses 60 gross 0 gross 0 gross 00 gross 00 gross 00 gross 50 gross 0 gross 50 gross 15 gross 15 net 500 gross For SI: 1 square foot = m. 1. For the purpose of determining occupant load in mercantile occupancies where, due to differences in grade of streets on different sides, two or more floors directly accessible from streets exist, each such floor shall be considered a street floor. The occupant load factor shall be one person for each 0 square feet (.7 m ) of gross floor area of sales space.. For any food court or other assembly use areas located in the mall that are not included as a portion of the gross leasable area of the mall buildings, the occupant load is calculated based on the occupant load factor for that use as specified in Table The remaining mall area is not required to be assigned an occupant load.. Life Safety- per FBC-B I. Fire Suppression System- per Section General. Automatic sprinkler systems shall comply with this section. [F] Alternative protection. Alternative automatic fire-extinguishing systems complying with Section 90 shall be permitted in lieu of automatic sprinkler protection where recognized by the applicable standard and approved by the fire code official. [F] 90. Where required. Approved automatic sprinkler systems in new buildings and structures shall be provided in the locations described in this section. [F] Exception: Spaces or areas in telecommunications buildings used exclusively for telecommunications equipment, associated electrical power distribution equipment, batteries and standby engines, provided those spaces or areas are equipped throughout with an

11 automatic fire alarm system and are separated from the remainder of the building by fire barriers consisting of not less than 1-hour fire-resistancerated walls and -hour fire-resistance-rated floor/ ceiling assemblies. II. Flame Spread of Finishes- per Table 80.5 SPRINKLERED l NONSPRINKLERED Exit enclosures and exit GROUP passageways a,b Corridors Rooms and enclosed spaces c Exit enclosures and exit passageways a,b Corridors Rooms and enclosed spaces c A-1 & A- B B C A A d B e A- f, A-, B B C A A d C A-5 B, D, E, M, R-1, R- B C C A B C F C C C B C C H B B C g A A B I-1 B C C A B B I- B B B h, i A A B I- A A j C A A B R- C C C B B C R- C C C C C C S C C C B B C U No restrictions No restrictions For SI: 1 inch = 5. mm, 1 square foot = m. a. Class C interior finish materials shall be permitted for wainscotting or paneling of not more than 1,000 square feet of applied surface area in the grade lobby where applied directly to a noncombustible base or over furring strips applied to a noncombustible base and fireblocked as required by Section b. In exit enclosures of buildings less than three stories in height of other than Group I-, Class B interior finish for nonsprinklered buildings and Class C interior finish for sprinklered buildings shall be permitted. c. Requirements for rooms and enclosed spaces shall be based upon spaces enclosed by partitions. Where a fire-resistance rating is required for structural elements, the enclosing partitions shall extend from the floor to the ceiling. Partitions that do not comply with this shall be considered enclosing spaces and the rooms or spaces on

12 both sides shall be considered one. In determining the applicable requirements for rooms and enclosed spaces, the specific occupancy thereof shall be the governing factor regardless of the group classification of the building or structure. d. Lobby areas in Group A-1, A- and A- occupancies shall not be less than Class B materials. e. Class C interior finish materials shall be permitted in places of assembly with an occupant load of 00 persons or less. f. For places of religious worship, wood used for ornamental purposes, trusses, paneling or chancel furnishing shall be permitted. g. Class B material is required where the building exceeds two stories. h. Class C interior finish materials shall be permitted in administrative spaces. i. Class C interior finish materials shall be permitted in rooms with a capacity of four persons or less. j. Class B materials shall be permitted as wainscotting extending not more than 8 inches above the finished floor in corridors. k. Finish materials as provided for in other sections of this code. l. Applies when the exit enclosures, exit passageways, corridors or rooms and enclosed spaces are protected by a sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section or a. Exit enclosures and exit passageways b. Corridors c. Rooms and enclosed spaces III. Travel Distance- per Table WITHOUT SPRINKLER SYSTEM (feet) WITH SPRINKLER SYSTEM (feet) OCCUPANCY R d 100 e 00 b M c A, F-1, I b B c S c F-, S-, U c H-1 Not Permitted 75 c H- Not Permitted 100 c H- Not Permitted 150 c H- Not Permitted 175 c H-5 Not Permitted 00 c

13 E, D, S- f I-, I c For SI: 1 foot = 0.8 mm. a. See the following sections for modifications to exit access travel distance requirements: Section 0: For the distance limitation in malls. Section 0: For the distance limitation through an atrium space. Section For increased limitations in Groups F-1 and S-1. Section 105.7: For increased limitation in assembly seating. Section 105.7: For increased limitation for assembly open-air seating. Section 1019.: For buildings with one exit. Chapter 1: For the limitation in temporary structures. b. Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section or See Section 90 for occupancies where automatic sprinkler systems in accordance with Section are permitted. c. Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section d. Travel within a guestroom, guest suite or dwelling unit shall not be included when calculating the travel distance. See Section 101., Exception for common path within. e. For exterior 00 feet is allowed without sprinkler. f. Enclosed parking garage. a. Maximum allowed travel distance b. Actual travel distance IV. Required Separation of Occupancies- per Table A e, E, D I R d F-, F-, S- c,d, U d B b, F-1, M b, S-1 H-1 H- H-, H-, H- 5 OCCUPANCY S NS S NS S NS S NS S NS S NS S NS S NS A e, E e, D N N 1 1 N 1 1 NP NP a I - - N N 1 NP 1 1 NP NP NP NP R d N N 1 1 NP NP NP NP F-, F-, S- c,d d, U N N 1 NP NP a B b, F-1, M b, S N N NP NP 1 a H N NP NP NP NP NP

14 H N NP 1 NP H-, H-, H N NP For SI: 1 square foot = m. S = Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section NS = Buildings not equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section N = No separation requirement. NP = Not permitted. a. For Group H-5 occupancies, see Section b. Occupancy separation need not be provided for storage areas within Groups B and M if the: 1. Area is less than 10 percent of the floor area;. Area is equipped with an automatic fire-extinguishing system and is less than,000 square feet; or. Area is less than 1,000 square feet. c. Areas used only for private or pleasure vehicles shall be allowed to reduce separation by 1 hour. d. See Section e. Commercial kitchens need not be separated from the restaurant seating areas that they serve. a. Incidental use areas- per Table 508. ROOM OR AREA SEPARATION AND/OR PROTECTION Furnace room where any piece of equipment is over 00,000 Btu per hour input 1 hour or provide automatic fireextinguishing system Rooms with boilers where the 1 hour or provide automatic fireextinguishing system largest piece of equipment is over 15 psi and 10 horsepower Refrigerant machinery rooms 1 hour or provide automatic sprinkler system Parking garage (Section 06.) hours; or 1 hour and provide automatic fire-extinguishing system Hydrogen cut-off rooms, not classified as Group H 1-hour in Group B, F, M, S and U occupancies. -hour in Group A, E, I and R occupancies. Incinerator rooms hours and automatic sprinkler

15 system Paint shops, not classified as Group H, located in occupancies other than Group F hours; or 1 hour and provide automatic fire-extinguishing system Laboratories and vocational shops, not classified as Group H, located in Group E or I- occupancies 1 hour or provide automatic fireextinguishing system Laundry rooms over 100 square feet 1 hour or provide automatic fireextinguishing system Storage rooms over 100 square feet 1 hour or provide automatic fireextinguishing system Group I- cells equipped with padded surfaces 1 hour Group I- waste and linen collection rooms 1 hour Waste and linen collection rooms over 100 square feet 1 hour or provide automatic fireextinguishing system Stationary storage battery systems having a liquid capacity 1-hour in Group B, F, M, S and U of more than 100 gallons used for occupancies. -hour in Group A, E, facility standby power, emergency I and R occupancies. power or uninterrupted power supplies For SI: 1 square foot = m, 1 pound per square inch = 6.9 kpa, 1 British thermal unit per hour = 0.9 watts, 1 horsepower = 76 watts, 1 gallon =.785 L.. Egress- per FBC-B I. Exits a. Number of Exits- per Section Exit or exit access doorways required. Two exits or exit access doorways from any space shall be provided where one of the following conditions exists: 1. The occupant load of the space exceeds the values in Table

16 . The common path of egress travel exceeds the limitations of Section Where required by Sections 1015., and Exception: Group I- occupancies shall comply with Section a. Minimum number of exits per occupant load- per Table OCCUPANT LOAD (persons per story) MINIMUM NUMBER OF EXITS (per story) ,000 More than 1,000 b. Spaces with one means of egress- per Table OCCUPANCY MAXIMUM OCCUPANT LOAD A, B, D, E, F, M, U, R-, R- 9 H-1, H-, H- H-, H-5, I-1, I-, R-1, R- 10 S 9 c. Buildings with one exit- per Table OCCUPANCY A, B d, D, E e, F, M, U H-, H- H-, H-5, I, R S a B b, F, M, S a MAXIMUM HEIGHT OF BUILDING ABOVE GRADE PLANE 1 Story 1 Story 1 Story 1 Story Stories MAXIMUM OCCUPANTS (OR DWELLING UNITS) PER FLOOR AND TRAVEL DISTANCE 9 occupants and 75 feet travel distance occupants and 5 feet travel distance 10 occupants and 75 feet travel distance 9 occupants and 100 feet travel distance 0 occupants and 75 feet travel distance R- Stories c dwelling units and 50 feet travel distance b. Exit location- per Section Two exits or exit access doorways. Where two exits or exit access doorways are required from any portion of the exit access, the exit doors or exit access doorways shall be placed a distance apart equal to not less than one-half of the length of the maximum overall diagonal dimension of the building or area to be served measured in a straight line between exit doors or exit access doorways. Interlocking or scissor stairs shall be counted as one exit stairway.

17 c. The Common Path of Egress Travel- per Section In occupancies other than Groups H-1, H- and H-, the common path of egress travel shall not exceed 75 feet ( 860 mm). In Group H-1, H- and H- occupancies, the common path of egress travel shall not exceed 5 feet (760 mm). For common path of egress travel in Group A occupancies having fixed seating, see Section Exceptions: 1. The length of a common path of egress travel in Group B, F, M and S occupancies shall not be more than 100 feet (0 80 mm), provided that the building is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section Where a tenant space in Group B, S and U occupancies has an occupant load of not more than 0, the length of a common path of egress travel shall not be more than 100 feet (0 80 mm).. The length of a common path of egress travel in a Group I- occupancy shall not be more than 100 feet (0 80 mm).. the length of a common path of egress travel in a Group R- occupancy shall not be more than 15 feet (8 100 mm), within the dwelling unit, provided that the building is protected throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section otherwise 75 feet. 5. Where a tenant space in Group A occupancy has an occupant load of more than 50, the length of a common path of egress travel shall not be more than 0 feet (6098 mm). 6. The common path of egress travel in Group R1 and R occupancies shall not exceed 5 feet ( mm). Travel within a guestroom, guest suite or dwelling unit shall not be included when calculating the common path of travel. The common path of egress travel in occupancy Groups R1 and R shall not exceed 50 feet (15 0 mm) provided the building is protected throughout by an approved, automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section The common path of egress travel in occupancies in Group F and S shall be 50 feet (15 0 mm) in unsprinklered buildings. 8. The common path of egress travel in Group S parking garages shall be 50 feet (15 0 mm). 9. In occupancy Group S common paths of egress travel shall not be limited.

18 II. 10. In occupancy Group H common paths of egress travel shall be prohibited. Corridors a. Dead End Corridors- per section Section Where more than one exit or exit access doorway is required, the exit access shall be arranged such that there are no dead ends in corridors more than 0 feet (6096 mm) in length. Exceptions: 1. In occupancies in Group I- of Occupancy Condition, or (see Section 08.), the dead end in a corridor shall not exceed 50 feet (15 0 mm).. In occupancies in Groups B and F where the building is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section , the length of dead-end corridors shall not exceed 50 feet (15 0 mm).. A dead-end corridor shall not be limited in length where the length of the dead-end corridor is less than.5 times the least width of the dead-end corridor. a. Maximum Dead End Corridor Length b. Actual Dead End Corridor Length b. Corridor widtha. See ADA III.b.a. b. Per Table Table OCCUPANCY Occupancies other than those listed below Hazardous: H-1, H-, H- and H- WITHOUT SPRINKLER SYSTEM Stairways (inches per occupant) Other egress components (inches per occupant) WITH SPRINKLER SYSTEM a Stairways (inches per occupant) Other egress components (inches per occupant) Health care Institutional: I- NA NA For SI: 1 inch = 5. mm. NA = Not applicable. a. Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section or c. Section Corridor width. The minimum corridor width shall be as determined in Section , but not less than inches (1118 mm). Exceptions:

19 III. 1. Twenty-four inches (610 mm)-for access to and utilization of electrical, mechanical or plumbing systems or equipment.. Thirty-six inches (91 mm)-with a required occupant capacity of less than 50.. Thirty-six inches (91 mm)-within a dwelling unit.. Seventy-two inches (189 mm)-in Group E with a corridor having a required capacity of 100 or more. 5. Seventy-two inches (189 mm)-in corridors serving surgical Group I, health care centers for ambulatory patients receiving outpatient medical care, which causes the patient to be not capable of selfpreservation. 6. Ninety-six inches (8 mm)-in Group I- in areas where required for bed movement. Doors a. Protrusions into the path of travel- per section During its swing, any door in a means of egress shall leave unobstructed at least one half of the required width of an aisle, corridor, passageway or landing, nor project more than 7 inches (178 mm) into the required width of an aisle, corridor, passageway or landing, when fully open. Doors shall not open immediately onto a stair without a landing. The landing shall have a width at least equal to the width of the door. See Section 107 for door swing in Group E occupancies. Every door in a stair enclosure serving more than four stories shall permit reentry from the stair enclosure to the interior of the building, or an automatic release shall be provided to unlock all stair enclosure doors to permit reentry. Such automatic release shall be actuated with the initiation of the building fire alarm, fire detection or fire sprinkler system. Exception: Doors on stair enclosures shall be permitted to be equipped with hardware that prevents reentry

20 into the interior of the building, provided that the following conditions are met: 1. There are at least two levels where it is possible to leave the stair enclosure;. There are not more than four stories intervening between stories where it is possible to leave the stair enclosure;. Reentry is possible on the top or next to top story permitting access to another exit;. Doors permitting reentry are identified as such on the stair side of the door; and 5. Doors not permitting reentry are provided with a sign on the stair side indicating the location of the nearest door, in each direction of travel, permitting reentry or exit. a. Maximum protrusion b. Actual protrusion b. Thresholds- per Section Thresholds at doorways shall not exceed 0.75 inch (19.1 mm) in height for sliding doors serving dwelling units or 0.5 inch (1.7 mm) for other doors. Raised thresholds and floor level changes greater than 0.5 inch (6. mm) at doorways shall be beveled with a slope not greater than one unit vertical in two units horizontal (50- percent slope). Exceptions: 1. The threshold height shall be limited to 7 / inches (197 mm) where the occupancy is Group R-, the door is an exterior door that is not a component of the required means of egress and the doorway is not on an accessible route. In one- and twofamily dwellings where the door discharges to the outside or to an exterior balcony or exterior exit access, the floor level outside the door shall be permitted to be one step lower than the inside, but not more than 8 inches (0 mm) lower.. For exterior doors serving dwelling units, thresholds at doorways shall not exceed the height required to pass the water resistance test of ANSI/AAMA/WDMA 101/I.S., or TAS 0 for high-velocity hurricane zones, or the maximum allowable height difference between

21 interior floor level. Exterior floor level shall comply with the following: LEVEL DIFFERENCE (inches) 0 1 / AT PRIMARY DOOR Pervious construction (e.g., wood decking with spaces) Impervious construction (e.g., concrete, brick or flag stone) LEVEL DIFFERENCE (inches) AT SECONDARY DOOR 1 / Pervious construction Impervious construction IV. c. See ADA III.a. Stairs a. Stairway Egress width- per Section The width of stairways shall be determined as specified in Section , but such width shall not be less than inches (1118 mm). See Section for accessible means of egress stairways. Exceptions: 1. Stairways serving an occupant load of less than 50 shall have a width of not less than 6 inches (91 mm).. Spiral stairways as provided for in Section Aisle stairs complying with Section Where an incline platform lift or stairway chairlift is installed on stairways serving occupancies in Group R-, or within dwelling units in occupancies in Group R-, a clear passage width not less than 0 inches (508 mm) shall be provided. If the seat and platform can be folded when not in use, the distance shall be measured from the folded position. b. Risers- per Section Stair riser heights shall be 7 inches (178 mm) maximum and inches (10 mm) minimum. Stair tread depths shall be 11 inches (79 mm) minimum. The riser height shall be measured vertically between the leading edges of adjacent treads. The tread depth shall be measured horizontally between the vertical planes of the foremost projection of adjacent treads and at a right angle to the tread's leading edge. Winder treads shall have a minimum tread depth of 11 inches (79 mm) measured at a right angle to the tread's leading edge at a point 1

22 inches (05 mm) from the side where the treads are narrower and a minimum tread depth of 10 inches (5 mm). Exceptions: 1. Alternating tread devices in accordance with Section Spiral stairways in accordance with Section Aisle stairs in assembly seating areas where the stair pitch or slope is set, for sightline reasons, by the slope of the adjacent seating area in accordance with Section In occupancies in Group R-, as applicable in Section 101., within dwelling units in occupancies in Group R-, as applicable in Section 101., and in occupancies in Group U, which are accessory to an occupancy in Group R-, as applicable in Section 101., the maximum riser height shall be 7.75 inches (197 mm) and the minimum tread depth, exclusive of nosing, shall be not less than 9 inches (9 mm), the minimum winder tread depth at the walk line shall be 10 inches (5 mm), and the minimum winder tread depth shall be 6 inches (15 mm). Treads and risers of stairs shall be permitted to be so proportioned that the sum of two risers and a tread, exclusive of projection of nosing, is not less than inches (610 mm) nor more than 5 inches (65 mm). Every tread less than 10 inches (5 mm) wide shall have a nosing, or effective projection, of approximately 1 inch (5 mm) over the level immediately below that tread. 5. See the Florida Building Code, Existing Building for the replacement of existing stairways. 6. Industrial equipment access stairs and landings that serve as a component of the means of egress from the involved equipment and do not serve more than 0 people shall be permitted to have a minimum clear width of inches (559 mm), minimum tread depth of 10 inches (5 mm), maximum riser height of 9 inches (9 mm), minimum

23 headroom of 6 feet 8 inches (0 mm), and a maximum height between landings of 1 feet (6 576 mm) Winder treads. Winder treads are not permitted in means of egress stairways except within a dwelling unit. Exceptions: 1. Curved stairways in accordance with Section Spiral stairways in accordance with Section Dimensional uniformity. Stair treads and risers shall be of uniform size and shape. The tolerance between the largest and smallest riser height or between the largest and smallest tread depth shall not exceed 0.75 inch (9.5 mm) in any flight of stairs. The greatest winder tread depth at the 1- inch (05 mm) walk line within any flight of stairs shall not exceed the smallest by more than 0.75 inch (9.5 mm) measured at a right angle to the tread's leading edge. Exceptions: 1. Nonuniform riser dimensions of aisle stairs complying with Section Consistently shaped winders, complying with Section 1009., differing from rectangular treads in the same stairway flight. Where the bottom or top riser adjoins a sloping public way, walkway or driveway having an established grade and serving as a landing, the bottom or top riser is permitted to be reduced along the slope to less than inches (10 mm) in height, with the variation in height of the bottom or top riser not to exceed one unit vertical in 1 units horizontal (8.-percent slope) of stairway width. The nosings or leading edges of treads at such nonuniform height risers shall have a distinctive marking stripe, different from any other nosing marking provided on the stair flight. The distinctive marking stripe shall be visible in descent of the stair and shall have a slipresistant surface. Marking stripes shall have a width of at least 1 inch (5 mm) but not more than inches (51 mm).

24 Profile. The radius of curvature at the leading edge of the tread shall be not greater than 0.5 inch (1.7 mm). Beveling of nosings shall not exceed 0.5 inch (1.7 mm). Risers shall be solid and vertical or sloped from the underside of the leading edge of the tread above at an angle not more than 0 degrees (0.5 rad) from the vertical. The leading edge (nosings) of treads shall project not more than 1.5 inches ( mm) beyond the tread below and all projections of the leading edges shall be of uniform size, including the leading edge of the floor at the top of a flight. Exceptions: 1. Solid risers are not required for stairways that are not required to comply with Section 1007., provided that the opening between treads does not permit the passage of a sphere with a diameter of inches (10 mm).. Solid risers are not required for occupancies in Group I Tread slope shall not be more than 1 / inch per foot (1 mm/m). a. Minimum heightb. Maximum heightc. Actual heightd. See ADA III.c.b. c. Treads- per Section a. Minimum depthb. Actual depthc. See ADA III.c.b. d. Minimum headroom within stairwell- per Section Stairways shall have a minimum headroom clearance of 80 inches (0 mm) measured vertically from a line connecting the edge of the nosings. Such headroom shall be continuous above the stairway to the point where the line intersects the landing below, one tread depth beyond the bottom riser. The minimum clearance shall be maintained the full width of the stairway and landing. Exception: Spiral stairways complying with Section are permitted a 78-inch (1981 mm) headroom clearance. e. Landings- per Section There shall be a floor or landing at the top and bottom of each stairway. The width of landings shall not be

25 less than the width of stairways they serve. Every landing shall have a minimum dimension measured in the direction of travel equal to the width of the stairway. Such dimension need not exceed 8 inches (119 mm) where the stairway has a straight run. Exceptions: 1. Aisle stairs complying with Section 10.. Doors opening onto a landing shall not reduce the landing to less than one-half the required width. When fully open, the door shall not project more than 7 inches (178 mm) into a landing.. In one- and two-family dwellings, a door at the top of a stair shall be permitted to open directly at a stair, provided the door does not swing over the stair and the door serves an area with an occupant load of fewer than 50 persons. V. Ramps- See ADA III.e. 5. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)- per FBC-B chapter 11 I. General a. Protruding objects- per section General. Objects projecting from walls (for example, telephones) with their leading edges between 7 inches and 80 inches (685 mm and 00 mm) above the finished floor shall protrude no more than inches (10 mm) into walks, halls, corridors, passageways, or aisles [see Figure 8(a)]. Objects mounted with their leading edges at or below 7 inches (685 mm) above the finished floor may protrude any amount [see Figure 8(a) and Figure 8(b)]. Free-standing objects mounted on posts or pylons may overhang 1 in (05 mm) maximum from 7 inches to 80 inches (685 mm to 00 mm) above the ground or finished floor [see Figure 8(c) and Figure 8(d)]. Protruding objects shall not reduce the clear width of an accessible route or maneuvering space [see Figure 8(e)] Headroom. Walks, halls, corridors, passageways, aisles, or other circulation spaces shall have 80 inches (00 mm) minimum clear head room [see Figure 8(a)]. If vertical clearance of an area adjoining an accessible route is reduced to less than 80 inches (0 mm) (nominal dimension), a barrier to warn blind or

26 visually-impaired persons shall be provided [see Figure 8(c-1)].

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28

29 b. Sales and service counters, teller windows, information counters- per section (1) In department stores and miscellaneous retail stores where counters have cash registers and are provided for sales or distribution of goods or services to the public, at least one of each type shall have a portion of the counter which is at least 6 inches (915 mm) in length with a maximum height of 6 inches (915 mm) above the finish floor. It shall be on an accessible route complying with Section The accessible counters must be dispersed throughout the building or facility. In alterations where it is technically infeasible to provide an accessible counter, an auxiliary counter meeting these requirements may be provided. () At ticketing counters, teller stations in a bank, registration counters in hotels and motels, box office ticket counters, and other counters that may not have a cash register but at which goods or services are sold or distributed, either: (i) A portion of the main counter which is a minimum of 6 inches (915 mm) in length shall be provided with a maximum height of 6 inches (915 mm); or (ii) An auxiliary counter with a maximum height of 6 in (915 mm) in close proximity to the main counter shall be provided; or

30 (iii) Equivalent facilitation shall be provided (e.g., at a hotel registration counter, equivalent facilitation might consist of: (1) Provision of a folding shelf attached to the main counter on which an individual with disabilities can write, and () Use of the space on the side of the counter or at the concierge desk, for handing materials back and forth). All accessible sales and service counters shall be on an accessible route complying with Section II. Drinking fountains- per Section (10) (a) Where only one drinking fountain is provided on a floor, there shall be a drinking fountain which is accessible to individuals who use wheelchairs in accordance with Section and one accessible to those who have difficulty bending or stooping. (This can be accommodated by the use of a "hi-lo" fountain; by providing one fountain accessible to those who use wheelchairs and one fountain at a standard height convenient for those who have difficulty bending; by providing a fountain accessible under Section and a water cooler; or by such other means as would achieve the required accessibility for each group on each floor.) (b) Where more than one drinking fountain or water cooler is provided on a floor, at least 50 percent of those provided shall comply with Section and shall be on an accessible route. a. Clearances- per section (1) Wall- and post-mounted cantilevered units shall have a clear knee space between the bottom of the apron and the floor or ground at least 7 inches (685 mm) high, 0 inches (760 mm) wide, and 17 inches to 19 inches (0 mm to 85 mm) deep [see Figure 7(a) and Figure 7(b)]. Such units shall also have a minimum clear floor space 0 inches by 8 inches (760 mm by 119 mm) to allow a person in a wheelchair to approach the unit facing forward.

31 () Free-standing or built-in units not having a clear space under them shall have a clear floor space at least 0 inches by 8 inches (760 mm by 119 mm) that allows a person in a wheelchair to make a parallel approach to the unit [see Figure 7(c) and Figure 7(d)]. This clear floor space shall comply with Section11-...

32 III. Egress a. Doors a. General- per section

33 (1) Doors required to be accessible by Section shall comply with the requirements of Section () All required doors and walk through openings in buildings excluding single family homes, duplexes, and triplexes not covered by the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 or the Fair Housing Act shall have at least 9 inches (77 mm) of clear width. [see Section11-..(1), exception]. b. Clear width- per section Doorways shall have a minimum clear opening of inches (81 mm) with the door open 90 degrees, measured between the face of the door and the opposite stop [see Figure (a), Figure (b), Figure (c), and Figure (d)]. Openings more than inches (610 mm) in depth shall comply with Sections and [see Figure (e)]. Exception: Doors not requiring full user passage, such as shallow closets, may have the clear opening reduced to 0 inches (510 mm) minimum.

34 c. Maneuvering clearances at doors- per section Minimum maneuvering clearances at doors that are not automatic or power-assisted shall be as shown in Figure 5. The floor or ground area within the required clearances shall be level and clear. Exception: Entry doors to acute care hospital bedrooms for in-patients shall be exempted from the requirement for space at the latch side of the door (see dimension "x" in Figure 5) if the door is at least inches (110 mm) wide.

35 d. Door hardware- per section Handles, pulls, latches, locks, and other operating devices on accessible doors shall have a shape that is easy to grasp with one hand and does not require tight grasping, tight pinching, or twisting of the wrist to operate. Lever-operated mechanisms, push-type mechanisms, and U-shaped handles are acceptable designs. When sliding doors are fully open, operating hardware shall be exposed and usable from both sides. Hardware required for accessible door

36 passage shall be mounted no higher than 8 inches (119 mm) above finish floor. e. Egress/ Entrance doors- per section (8) In new construction, at a minimum, the requirements in Section (8)(a) and Section (8)(b) below shall be satisfied independently: (a)(i) At least 50 percent of all public entrances [excluding those in Section (8)(b) below] must be accessible. At least one must be a ground-floor entrance. Public entrances are any entrances that are not loading or service entrances. (ii) Accessible entrances must be provided in a number at least equivalent to the number of exits required by the applicable building/fire codes. (This paragraph does not require an increase in the total number of entrances planned for a facility.) (iii) An accessible entrance must be provided to each tenancy in a facility (for example, individual stores in a strip shopping center). One entrance may be considered as meeting more than one of the requirements in Section (8)(a). Where feasible, accessible entrances shall be the entrances used by the majority of people visiting or working in the building. (b)(i) In addition, if direct access is provided for pedestrians from an enclosed parking garage to the building, at least one direct entrance from the garage to the building must be accessible. (ii) If access is provided for pedestrians from a pedestrian tunnel or elevated walkway, one entrance to the building from each tunnel or walkway must be accessible. One entrance may be considered as

37 meeting more than one of the requirements in Section (8)(b). Because entrances also serve as emergency exits whose proximity to all parts of buildings and facilities is essential, it is preferable that all entrances be accessible. (c) If the only entrance to a building, or tenancy in a facility, is a service entrance, that entrance shall be accessible. (d) Entrances which are not accessible shall have directional signage complying with Sections , , , and , which indicates the location of the nearest accessible entrance. b. Corridor a. Widths- per Section The minimum clear width of an accessible route shall be 6 inches (915 mm) except at doors (see Section and ). If a person in a wheelchair must make a turn around an obstruction, the minimum clear width of the accessible route shall be as shown in Figure 7(a) and Figure 7(b). Exception: Curb ramps that are a part of a required means of egress shall be not less than inches (1118 mm) wide.

38 b. Passing space- per Section If an accessible route has less than 60 inches (155 mm) clear width, then passing spaces at least 60 inches by 60 inches (155 mm by 155 mm) shall be located at reasonable intervals not to exceed 00 feet (61 m). A T-intersection of two corridors or walks is an acceptable passing place.

39 c. Stairs a. Minimum number- per Section Stairs required to be accessible by Section shall comply with Section b. Treads and risers- per Section On any given flight of stairs, all steps shall have uniform riser heights and uniform tread widths. Stair treads shall be no less than 11 inches (80 mm) wide, measured from riser to riser [see Figure 18(a)]. Open risers are not permitted. c. Nosings- per Section The undersides of nosing shall not be abrupt. The radius of curvature at the leading edge of the tread shall be no greater than 1 / inch (1 mm). Risers shall be sloped or the underside of the nosing shall have an angle not less than 60 degrees from the horizontal. Nosing shall project no more than 1 1 / inches (8 mm) (see Figure 18). d. Handrails- per Section Stairways shall have handrails at both sides of all stairs. Handrails shall comply with Section and shall have the following features: (1) Handrails shall be continuous along both sides of stairs. The inside handrail on switchback or dogleg stairs shall always be continuous [see Figure 19(a) and Figure 19(b)]. () If handrails are not continuous, they shall extend at least 1 inches (05 mm) beyond the top riser and at least 1 inches (05 mm) plus the width of one tread beyond the bottom riser. At the