UTILIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL WASTES IN GLASS FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE

Transcription

1 International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 9, Issue 11, November 2018, pp , Article ID: IJCIET_09_11_113 Available online at ISSN Print: and ISSN Online: IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed UTILIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL WASTES IN GLASS FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE C. Rajendra Prasath and P. M. Dhureen karthik Assistant Professor, Department of Civil engineering PSNA college of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India ABSTRACT This paper reports the results of an experimental study on the high performance concrete made with granite powder as fine aggregate. The percentage of granite powder added by weight a range viz. 0, 10, 20, 30% as a replacement of sand used in concrete and The percentage of Fly Ash added by weight a range viz. 0, 5, 10, 15% as a partial replacement of cement used in concrete and the dosage of super plasticizer added 1% by weight of cement with M30 grade of concrete. The test results show clearly that granite powder of marginal quantity, as partial sand replacement has beneficial effect on the above properties. The highest strength has been achieved in samples containing 25% granite powder together with admixtures. Based on the results presented in this paper, it can be concluded that concrete mixture can be prepared with granite powder as an additive together with admixtures to improve the strength of concrete structure. Keywords: Granite Powder, Fly ash, Glass fibre, Compressive strength, concrete properties. Cite this Article: C. Rajendra Prasath and P. M. Dhureen karthik, Utilization of Industrial Wastes in Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 9(11), 2018, pp INTRODUCTION Fine aggregate is an essential component of concrete. The global consumption of natural river sand is very high due to the extensive use of concrete. In particular, the demand for natural river sand is quite high in developed countries owing to infrastructural growth. In this situation some developing countries are facing a shortage in the supply of natural sand. The non-availability of sufficient quantity of ordinary river sand for making cement concrete is affecting the growth of the construction industry in many parts of the country. Therefore, the construction industries in developing countries are under stress to identify alternative materials to reduce the demand on river sand [2] editor@iaeme.com

2 Utilization of Industrial Wastes in Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete Hence the assumption is granite powder aggregate could be an alternative to natural sand in preparation of concrete. Granite powder, one of the byproducts in granite stone crushing process, not being used for any applications other than filling-up low lying areas is identified as a replacement material for river sand in concrete. The granite waste generated by the stone crushing industry has accumulated over the years. Only insignificant quantities have been utilized and the rest has been unscrupulously dumped resulting in environmental problems. The stone industry presents an annual output of 68 million tonnes of processed products. Therefore the scientific and industrial community must commit towards more sustainable practices. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW Deshmukh S.H et al [1] observed from the experimental results and its analysis, that the compressive strength of concrete, flexural strength of concrete, splitting tensile of concrete increases with addition of percentage of glass fibres. The 0.1% addition of glass fibres into the concrete shows better results in mechanical properties and durability. Some alternative materials have already been used in place of natural river sand. For example, fly ash, slag and lime stone, siliceous stone powder, rock dust and quarry waste were used in concrete mixture as a partial replacement of natural sand [3]. The main aim of this present investigation is to study the effect of industrial wastes like Fly Ash and Granite Powder in various percentages and adding Glass fibres in concrete. Fresh concrete properties and hard concrete properties are investigated such as Compressive strength, Split-tensile and strength Flexural strength at 28 days. 3. EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM 3.1. Materials used Fly ash Fly ash, also known as flue-ash, is one of the residues generated in combustion, and comprises the fine particles that rise with the flue gases as shown in Figure 1 (a). In an industrial context, fly ash usually refers to ash produced during combustion of coal. Figure 1 (a) Fly ash Figure 1 (b) Granite Powder Granite Powder Granite is among the most plentiful rocks on earth. This intrusive igneous composite, formed by volcanic magma, makes up most of the continental crust. Powdered form of Granite as shown in Figure 1 (b) editor@iaeme.com

3 C. Rajendra Prasath and P. M. Dhureen karthik Ordinary Portland cement Ordinary Portland cement is recognized as a major construction material throughout the world. The cement used was Ordinary Portland Cement 53 grade manufactured by PENNA. It was tested as per the Indian Standard Specifications BIS: Properties of the cement are tested according to IS given in Table 1. Table 1 Physical properties of materials Materials Bulk density (kg/m3) Specific gravity Fly ash Granite Powder Ordinary Portland cement Fine and Coarse Aggregate Fine aggregate was natural sand having a 4.75 mm nominal size and confirming zone II. The coarse aggregate used in this investigation was 12.5 mm nominal size. Both aggregates and waste foundry sand were tested according to BIS: and their properties are given in Table 2. Table 2 Properties of Fine and Coarse Aggregate Properties FA CA Size (mm) Bulk density (kg/m3) Fineness modulus Specific gravity Glass Fibre A thin and short fibre will only be effective the first hours after pouring the concrete. Their physical properties are given in Table 3. Table 3 Properties of Glass Fibre Properties of Glass Fibre Type E Glass fibre Length (mm) 6 Tensile strength (Gpa) 3.5 Modulus (Gpa) 73.5 Density (kg/m3) EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLGY The cube samples of size 150 mm x 150 mm x 150 mm were casted as per IS: using various mix proportions. The mix proportions are arrived by using Fly ash, Granite Powder, and Cement content. Four mix combinations were arrived by changing the proportions of Fly ash and Granite Powder. The Table 4 shows the details of the different mix proportions editor@iaeme.com

4 Utilization of Industrial Wastes in Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete Table 4 Mix proportions Mix ID Fly ash (%) Granite Powder (%) F 0 G F 5 G F 10 G F 15 G Compressive strength test Compressive strength test were carried out for cubes with different mix proportions of Fly ash and Granite powder. The specimen was tested after 28 days of curing. The compressive load is noted. An average compressive strength of three specimens is taken as the compressive strength. Table 5 shows the compressive strength for various mix proportions of the concrete. Mix ID F 0 G 0 F 5 G 10 F 10 G 20 F 15 G 30 Table 5 Compressive strength test result for 28 days Weight of each cube (kg) Compressive Strength (N/mm 2 ) Avg. Compressive Strength (N/mm 2 ) Figure 2 Compressive strength 4.2. Split tensile strength test Split tensile strength of the specimens was determined by Universal Testing Machine (UTM) having a capacity of 1000 kn. 200 mm x 300 mm cylindrical concrete specimens was used in Split tensile strength test. The test was carried out by placing a specimen between the loading surfaces of a UTM and the load was applied until the failure of the specimen. Three test editor@iaeme.com

5 C. Rajendra Prasath and P. M. Dhureen karthik specimens were cast and used to measure the split tensile strength for each test conditions and average value was considered and the values are given in Table 6. Table 6 Split tensile test result for 28 days Mix ID Weight of each Split Tensile cylinder (kg) Strength(N/mm 2 ) F 0 G F 5 G F 10 G F 15 G Avg. Split Tensile Strength (N/mm 2 ) Figure 3 Split tensile test strength Flexural Strength for Rcc Beams Two point loading system was adopted for the tests. The beams were mounted over two pedestals and the concentrated loads were applied by means of 40 Tonnes Universal Testing machine (UTM). Deflections measured by using linear voltage displacement transducers (LVDTs) and were kept at mid-span as well under the loading points. The load at which the concrete has started to rupture, the failure load of the specimens and also the nature of failure modes were noted for each beam. The experimental setup and reinforcement details for a RCC Beams are shown in Fig 4 and Fig 5. The ultimate load carrying capacity of the R.C.C beams under flexural loading is relatively increased with increasing the various percentages of R.C.C members. The flexural strength of beam is calculated by the equation, Flexural strength (N/mm 2 or MPa) = (P x L) / (b x d 2 ), Where, P = Failure load, L = Centre to center distance between the support = 1500 mm b = width of specimen=100 mm d = depth of specimen= 150 mm editor@iaeme.com

6 Utilization of Industrial Wastes in Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete Figure 4 Two point loading for RC beams Figure 5 Reinforcement details for a RCC Beam Table 7 and figure 6 Chart Shows Various parameters of the concrete specimens like deflection and flexural strength Table 7 Flexural strength test on concrete beams Mix Id Load kn Deflection (mm) Flexural Strength (N/mm2) F 0 G F 5 G F 10 G F 5 G Figure 6 Failure Mode of Concrete editor@iaeme.com

7 C. Rajendra Prasath and P. M. Dhureen karthik 5. CONCLUSIONS An experimental study on the high performance concrete made with granite powder as fine aggregate and partial replacement of cement with fly ash subjected to water curing is conducted for finding the mechanical properties such as compressive strength, split tensile strength. Concrete specimens were prepared with w/c ratio of 0.42 for M30 grade concrete mix. The test results show clearly that granite powder as a partial sand replacement has beneficial effects of the mechanical properties of high performance concrete. Of all the four mixtures considered, concrete with 20% of granite powder (G25) was found to be superior to other percentages of granite powder concrete as well as conventional concrete. Hence the following conclusions are made based on a comparison of G20 with the control concrete, CC. The mechanical properties like the compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength. Compressive strength is 1.6 to 3.1 % greater than that of CC. Split tensile strength is 0.20% to 0.43 % higher than that of CC. Thus the present experimental investigation indicates that the strength properties of the concrete could enhance the effect of utilization of granite powder obtained from the crusher units in place of river sand in concrete. In general, the behavior of granite aggregates with admixtures in concrete possesses the higher properties like concrete made by river sand. REFERENCES [1] Deshmukh S.H., Bhusari J.P., Zende A.M. (2012),Effect of glass fibres on ordinary Portland cement concrete, IOSR Journal of Engineering, 2012, 2 (6), [2] S. Khalifa Al-Jabri, Makoto Hisada, K. Salem Al-Oraimi and H. Abdullah Al-Saidy, Copper slag as sand replacement for high performance concrete, Cement &Concrete Composites, 31, 2009, [3] Md. Safiuddin, S.N. Raman and M.F.M. Zain, Utilization of quarry waste fine aggregate in concrete mixtures, Journal of Applied Science Research, 3 (3), 2007, [4] Kefeng Tan and Xincheng PU, Strengthening effects of finely ground fly ash, granulated blast furnace slag and their combination, Cement and Concrete Research, 28 (12), 1998, [5] Adam Neville and Pierre-Claude Aitcin, High performance concrete an overview, Materials and Structures, 31, 1998, [6] M.N. Haque and O. Kayali, Properties of high-strength concrete using a fine fly ash, Cement and Concrete Research, 28, 1998, [7] Mladenka Saric-Coric and Pierre-Claude Aitcin, Influence of curing conditions on shrinkage of blended cements containing various amounts of slag, ACI Materials Journal, 100, 2003, pp [8] V.S. Ramachandran and V. M. Malhotra, Superplasticisers in concrete admixtures handbook (Park Ridge, N.J.: Noyes Publications, 1984) [9] M.S. Shetty, Concrete Technology-Theory and Practice (S.Chand and Company Ltd, New Delhi, Reprint with corrections, 2007) [10] BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards), Methods of Tests for Strength of Concrete, BIS: (c), New Delhi, India editor@iaeme.com