Façade fires. Hotel building - Rostov-on-Don, Russia. Shanghai, China. Grenfell tower, London.

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4 Façade fires Htel building - Rstv-n-Dn, Russia Grenfell twer, Lndn Shanghai, China Baku, Azerbaijan Address dwntwn htel, UAE Lacrsse twer fire, Melburne (kate.nguyen@unimelb.edu.au)

5 Façade fires Building Lcatin Year Descriptin Damage Grenfell Twer Lndn, UK 2017 External cladding which cnsisted f ACM panels with PE cre 72 dead 70+ injured The Address Dwntwn Dubai (302m tall) Dubai, UAE 2016 An electrical shrt circuit n a sptlight was the cause 16 minr injuries Marina Trch (352m) Dubai, UAE 2015 & 2017 Fire initiated in the 52 nd flr and spread quickly due t high winds, cmbustible cladding N injuries Tamweel Twer (160m tall) Dubai, UAE 2012 Vertical bands f exterir cladding frm grund t rf level ACM panels with PE cre Repair wrks have begun after 3 years Saif Belhasa Building (13 stries) Dubai, UAE 2012 Cladding cnsisted f ACM panels with PE cre 9 flats destryed 2 injured Debris damaged 5 vehicles 16 Strey apartment building Baku, Azerbaijan 2015 Rapid fire spread alng the cladding. Cmbustible panels accrding t reprts. 17 dead 60 injured Lacrsse Building Melburne, Australia 2014 External wall cladding and aided by cmbustible material lcated within the wall structure quickly spread t the tp f the building N injuries 18 strey building Rubaix, France 2012 Highly flammable uter cladding 1 dead 1 injured 28 strey building Shanghai, China 2010 Plyurethane insulatin t external walls 53 dead 90 injured Mnte Carl Htel (32 stries) Las Vegas, US 2008 Exterir insulatin and finish system which cnsists f a layer f expanded plystyrene fam adhered t gypsum sheathing 13 minr injuries Kate Nguyen

6 Cladding system tests Test 1 cladding system frmed using ACM panels with an unmdified plyethylene cre (PE) and a rigid plyiscyanurate fam (PIR) insulatin Test 2 cladding system frmed using ACM panels with unmdified plyethylene cre (PE) (Cat 3 in screening tests) and stne wl insulatin Test 3 cladding system frmed using ACM panels with a fire-retardant plyethylene cre (FR) and a PIR fam insulatin Test 7 cladding system frmed using ACM panels with fire-retardant plyethylene filler (Cat 2 in screening tests) with phenlic fam insulatin Test 4 cladding system frmed using ACM panels with a fire-retardant (FR) cre and stne wl insulatin Test 5 cladding system frmed using ACM panels with a limited cmbustibility filler (A2) with PIR fam insulatin Test 6 cladding system frmed using ACM panels with a limited cmbustibility filler (Cat 1 in screening tests) and mineral (r stne) wl insulatin Result Failed Failed Failed Failed Passed Passed Passed

7 Cmbustibility Natinal cnstructin cde (NCC) Internatinal building cde (IBC) Building regulatins (ADB) 1) t t 5 s 2) T furnace 50 C 3) T specimen 50 C Mat. 1 1) If the weight lss f specimen 50% I. T furnace & specimen 30 C II. N flaming frm the specimen after the first 30 secnds 2) If the weight lss > 50% I. t t = 0 s II. T furnace & specimen = 0 Nn-cmbustible 1) t t 5 s 2) m 50% 3) T furnace & specimen 30 C Limited cmbustibility 1) t t 20 s 2) m 50% 3) T furnace & specimen 50 C Mat. 2 AS ASTM E136 r ISO 1182 (Limited cmbustibility) BS EN ISO 1182 and/r BS EN ISO 1716 (and EN) (kate.nguyen@unimelb.edu.au)

8 Test Test Dimensin Fire Surce Peak Heat Flux t Panels* Primary Criteria (Failure Evaluatin) NFPA feet tall, 13.3 feet wide Tw gas burners (HRR = 1.3 MW) 40 kw/m2 Temperature via thermcuple measurement (10 ft elevatin, 1000 F) BS feet tall, 9 feet wide, with a 5 ft wide wing Wall Wd crib (HRR = 3±0.5 MW) 75 kw/m2 Temperature via thermcuple measurement (16.4 ft elevatin, 1110 F abve ambient) FM 16-ft PPT 16 feet tall, 3.5 feet wide One gas burner (HRR = 360 kw) 100 kw/m2 Peak HRR > 1100 kw

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11 21st Octber 2017 Residents evacuated in Walple Rad and Hamiltn Rad, Burnemuth n Friday after pwer surge sparks five fires ll_withut_electricity_after_pwer_surge_causes_huse_fires/

12 In Wales, sprinklers are nw mandatry fr ALL residential new buildings but nt in England, Sctland r Nrthern Ireland. Recmmended in AD B abve 30m but NOT mandatry

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