Foundation Design. Principles. and Practices. Donald P. Coduto. Man-chu Ronald Yeung. William A. Kitch. Third Edition PEARSON

Transcription

1 Foundation Design Principles and Practices Third Edition Donald P. Coduto William A. Kitch Man-chu Ronald Yeung Professors of Civil Engineering California State Polytechnic University, Pomona PEARSON Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Hoboken Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo

2 Contents Preface Notation and Units of Measurement xi xiii PART A - General Principles 1 1. Foundations Foundation Classification The Emergence of Modern Foundation Engineering The Foundation Engineer Codes, Standards, and Technical Literature Uncertainty and Risk in Foundation Design Sources and Types of Uncertainty Probability Theory Failure, Reliability, and Risk Applying Reliability Theory in Practice Questions and Practice Problems Soil Mechanics Review and Nomenclature Soil Classification Stress Compressibility and Settlement Shear Strength Lateral Earth Pressures Questions and Practice Problems 80 iii

3 iv Contents 4. Subsurface Investigation and Characterization Site Investigation Laboratory Testing In Situ Testing Determination of Soil Properties for Foundation Design Synthesis of Field and Laboratory Data Economics Questions and Practice Problems Performance Requirements Types of Failure and Limit States Ultimate Limit States Serviceability Limit States Constructability Requirements Economic Requirements Questions and Practice Problems 183 PART B - Shallow Foundation Analysis and Design Shallow Foundations Spread Footings Mats Bearing Pressure Presumptive Allowable Bearing Pressures Questions and Practice Problems Spread Footings Geotechnical Ultimate Limit States Bearing Capacity Bearing Capacity Analyses in Soil General Shear Case Groundwater Effects Selection of Soil Strength Parameters Design of Spread Footings Against Bearing Capacity Failure Bearing Capacity Analysis in Soil Local and Punching Shear Cases Bearing Capacity on Layered Soils Bearing Capacity of Footings on or Near Slopes Accuracy of Bearing Capacity Analyses Design of Spread Footings Against Sliding Failure Questions and Practice Problems 260

4 Contents v 8. Spread Footings Geotechnical Serviceability Limit States Design Requirements Modulus Based Methods of Computing Settlement e-log-p Based Method of Computing Settlement Differential Settlement Rate of Settlement Accuracy of Settlement Predictions Questions and Practice Problems Spread Footings Geotechnical Design Individual Footing Design Approach Design Charts Approach Allowable Bearing Pressure Approach Rectangular and Combined Footings Special Seismic Considerations Lightly-Loaded Footings Footings on or Near Slopes Footings on Frozen Soils Footings on Soils Prone to Scour Questions and Practice Problems Spread Footings Structural Design Selection of Materials Footing Behavior and Design Methods Design Methodology Minimum Cover Requirements and Standard Dimensions Square Footings Continuous Footings Rectangular Footings Combined Footings Lightly Loaded Footings Connections with the Superstructure Questions and Practice Problems Mats Configuration Geotechnical Ultimate Limit States Geotechnical Serviceability Limit States Compensated Mats 404

5 Deep vi Contents 11.5 Rigid Methods Nonrigid Methods Structural Design Questions and Practice Problems 419 PART C - Foundation Analysis and Design Deep Foundation Systems and Construction Methods Deep Foundation Types and Terminology Driven Piles Drilled Shafts Auger Piles Other Pile Types Caissons Pile-Supported and Pile-Enhanced Mats Questions and Practice Problems Piles Load Transfer and Limit States Axial Load Transfer Lateral Load Transfer Installation Effects Questions and Practice Problems Piles Axial Load Capacity Based on Static Load Tests Objectives Conventional Static Pile Load Tests Interpretation of Test Results Instrumented Static Pile Load Tests Osterberg Load Tests (O-Cell) Dynamic Axial Load Tests Questions and Practice Problems Driven Piles Axial Load Capacity Based on Static Analysis Methods Toe Bearing Side Friction Analyses Based on the Cone Penetration Test Upward Capacity Group Effects 568

6 Contents vii 15.6 Unusual Soils Setup and Relaxation Questions and Practice Problems Drilled Shafts Axial Load Capacity Based on Static Analysis Methods Toe Bearing Side Friction Upward Load Capacity Analyses Based on CPT Results Group Effects Questions and Practice Problems Auger Piles Axial Load Capacity Based on Static Analysis Methods Augered Cast-in-Place Piles (ACIP) Drilled Displacement (DD) Piles Questions and Practice Problems Other Pile Types Axial Load Capacity Jacked Piles Pressure-Injected Footings (Franki Piles) Micropiles Helical Piles Questions and Practice Problems Deep Foundations Axial Load Capacity Based on Dynamic Methods Pile Driving Formulas Wave Equation Analyses High-Strain Dynamic Testing Conclusions Questions and Practice Problems Piles Serviceability Limit States Design Load Settlement Analysis Based on Load Tests Mobilization of Pile Capacity 666

7 viii Contents 20.4 The t-z Method Simplified Static Analysis Methods Settlement of Pile Groups Equivalent Spring Model Other Sources of Settlement Other Serviceabilty Considerations Questions and Practice Problems Piles Structural Design Design Philosophy Design Criteria Driven Piles Drilled Shafts and Auger Piles Pile Caps Seismic Design Questions and Practice Problems Laterally Loaded Piles Battered Piles Response to Lateral Loads Methods of Evaluating Lateral Load Capacity Rigid Pile Analyses Nonrigid Pile Analyses p-y Curves for Isolated Piles Lateral Load Tests Group Effects Depth to Fixity Method Improving Lateral Capacity Synthesis Questions and Practice Problems Piles The Design Process Unstable Conditions Pile Type and Configuration Required Axial Pile Capacity Geotechnical Design Structural Design Verification and Redesign During Construction Integrity Testing Questions and Practice Problems 769

8 Contents ix 24. Pile Supported and Pile Enhanced Mats Pile Supported Mats Pile Enhanced Mats Compensated Mat Foundations Questions and Practice Problems 116 PART D - Special Topics Foundations in Rocks and Intermediate Geomaterials Rock as a Structural Foundation Material Design of Foundations in Rocks Foundations in Intermediate Geomaterials Questions and Practice Problems Ground Improvement Ground Improvement for Foundations Removal and Replacement Precompression In Situ Densification In Situ Replacement Grouting Stabilization Using Admixtures Reinforcement Questions and Practice Problems Foundations on Expansive Soils The Nature, Origin, and Occurrence of Expansive 27.2 Identifying, Testing, and Evaluating Expansive Soils 841 Soils Estimating Potential Heave Typical Structural Distress Patterns Preventive Design and Construction Measures Other Sources of Heave Questions and Practice Problems Foundations on Collapsible Soils Origin and Occurrence of Collapsible Soils Identification, Sampling, and Testing Evaluation and Remediaiton for Routine Projects Advanced Testing and Analysis 893

9 X Contents 28.5 Collapse in Deep Compacted Fills Preventive and Remedial Measures Questions and Practice Problems 902 Appendix A Units and Conversion Factors 903 Appendix B Probability Tables 907 References 911 Index 941