Appendix A3 Project Construction

Transcription

1 Appendix A3 Project Construction

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3 TABLE OF CONTENTS A3.1 Construction Schedule... A3-1 A3.2 Preconstruction Activities... A3-1 A3.3 Access Roads... A3-4 A3.4 Transmission Line Construction... A3-9 A3.5 Substation/Series Compensation Substation Construction... A3-16 A3.6 Special Construction Techniques... A3-20 A3.7 Construction Workforce... A3-23 A3.8 Literature Cited... A3-27 Attachment A Construction Schedule Energy Gateway South Transmission Project A3-i Plan of Development

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5 LIST OF ACRONYMS BIA BLM CIC Company EIS HPTP kv NTP OPGW POD Project USFS Bureau of Indian Affairs Bureau of Land Management Compliance Inspection Contractor PacifiCorp Environmental Impact Statement Historic Properties Treatment Plan Kilovolt Notice to proceed Overhead optical ground wire Plan of Development Energy Gateway South Transmission Project U.S. Forest Service Energy Gateway South Transmission Project A3-iii Plan of Development

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7 APPENDIX A3 PROJECT CONSTRUCTION This section provides an overview of construction activities associated with the Energy Gateway South Transmission Project (Project) as well as an overview of special construction techniques. A3.1 Construction Schedule The Project draft duration schedule is included as Attachment A Construction Schedule. PacifiCorp (Company) will further develop and provide regular updates of the schedule. Construction activities will be scheduled to avoid environmental resource seasonal exclusionary areas. These seasonal exclusionary areas will be shown in Volume II of the Construction Plan of Development (POD) and explained further in Appendix B1 Biological Resources Conservation Plan. A3.2 Preconstruction Activities A3.2.1 Resource and Preconstruction Surveys Prior to the commencement of Project construction, including geotechnical investigations, the Company is required to conduct environmental resource surveys. The environmental resource surveys will identify the locations of environmental resources to which mitigation measures will be applied as well as be performed within a specified amount of time before ground-disturbing activities occur to ensure appropriate environmental resource clearances (preconstruction environmental resource surveys). Table A3-1 Preconstruction Resource Surveys provides a list of environmental resource surveys to be conducted. Environmental resource surveys will be completed by qualified individuals and must be approved by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and/or U.S. Forest Service (USFS), as appropriate. Table A3-1 Preconstruction Resource Surveys identifies the corresponding environmental resource plans in the POD, which provide more detail relative to the timing and methodology of the environmental resource surveys and preconstruction environmental resource surveys as well as providing a description of the applicable mitigation measures, including avoidance techniques. Appendix D Resource Survey Protocols provides the protocols to be used for the environmental resource surveys and preconstruction environmental resource surveys for paleontological and cultural resources. The protocol for biological resources is included in Attachment A Biological Resources Survey Requirements of Appendix B1 Biological Resources Conservation Plan. The results of the environmental resource surveys and preconstruction environmental resource surveys will be included in Volume II of the POD prior to the commencement of construction activities. TABLE A3-1 PRECONSTRUCTION RESOURCE SURVEYS Survey Type and Resources Plan Reference Date Completed Vegetation and Wetlands Geotechnical Investigations: To be Special-status Appendix B1 Biological Determined (TBD) plants Resources Conservation Plan Construction: TBD Wetland delineation Appendix B1 Biological Resources Conservation Plan Appendix B3 Water Resources Protection Plan Geotechnical Investigations: TBD Construction: TBD Additional Surveys to be Completed TBD TBD Energy Gateway South Transmission Project A3-1 Plan of Development

8 TABLE A3-1 PRECONSTRUCTION RESOURCE SURVEYS Survey Type and Resources Plan Reference Date Completed Appendix B1 Biological Noxious weeds Resources Conservation Plan Appendix B2 Noxious Weed Management Plan Water course crossing inventory Springs/wells Black-footed ferret Greater sagegrouse Mexican spotted owl Yellow-billed cuckoo Raptor nests Bald Eagle winter and communal roost areas Boreal toad Mountain Plover Pygmy rabbit White-tailed prairie dog Wyoming pocket gopher Literature search and Class III inventory Paleontological resources Appendix B3 Water Resources Protection Plan Geotechnical Investigations: TBD Construction: TBD Water Resources Geotechnical Investigations: TBD Construction: TBD Appendix B3 Water Resources Protection Plan Geotechnical Investigations: TBD Construction: TBD Wildlife Resources Appendix B1 Biological Geotechnical Investigations: TBD Resources Conservation Plan Construction: TBD Appendix B1 Biological Geotechnical Investigations: TBD Resources Conservation Plan Construction: TBD Appendix B1 Biological Geotechnical Investigations: TBD Resources Conservation Plan Construction: TBD Appendix B1 Biological Geotechnical Investigations: TBD Resources Conservation Plan Construction: TBD Appendix B1 Biological Geotechnical Investigations: TBD Resources Conservation Plan Construction: TBD Appendix B1 Biological Resources Conservation Plan Geotechnical Investigations: TBD Construction: TBD Appendix B1 Biological Resources Conservation Plan Geotechnical Investigations: TBD Construction: TBD Appendix B1 Biological Geotechnical Investigations: TBD Resources Conservation Plan Construction: TBD Appendix B1 Biological Geotechnical Investigations: TBD Resources Conservation Plan Construction: TBD Appendix B1 Biological Geotechnical Investigations: TBD Resources Conservation Plan Construction: TBD Appendix B1 Biological Geotechnical Investigations: TBD Resources Conservation Plan Construction: TBD Cultural Resources Appendix B5 Historic Properties Treatment Plan Appendix B6 Paleontological Resources Treatment Plan Geotechnical Investigations: TBD Construction: TBD Paleontological Resources Geotechnical Investigations: TBD Construction: TBD Additional Surveys to be Completed TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD A Geotechnical Investigations The purpose of the geotechnical investigations is to perform tests to collect soil resistivity properties and to collect hydrogeologic and geotechnical soil properties and geophysical data to provide information for detailed Project engineering and design. Geotechnical investigations will provide critical data that will be Energy Gateway South Transmission Project A3-2 Plan of Development

9 incorporated into the electrical and structure foundation design and the Project construction bid package. This activity is necessary to help ensure the system is designed and constructed to be safe, reliable, and cost efficient and can reduce the overall temporary and permanent land disturbance within the right-ofway during initial build and the life of the Project. The investigations are considered the first step of construction; however, because of timing of the geotechnical investigations to inform the final design, a Geotechnical Investigation POD has been developed as part of this POD. The Geotechnical Investigation POD is included as Appendix G of this POD and further describes the process for the investigations and reducing the impacts associated with the investigation. A Surveying and Staking Prior to the commencement of construction, Project features will undergo engineering survey and staking. Refer to Appendix A1 Flagging, Fencing, and Signage Plan, which provides more specific detail relative to the field marking of Project features and environmental resources. Implementation of Appendix A1 Flagging, Fencing, and Signage Plan is required before the commencement of construction. Any proposed new disturbance not previously identified and analyzed in the EIS will require additional environmental resource surveys, as well as review and approval by the BLM and USFS prior to the commencement of construction. A Right-of-way Preparation Right-of-way preparation includes general site preparation. General site preparation includes the implementation and approval of all applicable mitigation measures, stipulations, and components contained in Section 4 Environmental Setting, Issues, and Mitigation Measures, Appendix A Construction Considerations, Appendix B Environmental Protection Plans, Appendix C Environmental Protection Plan Frameworks, Appendix D Resource Survey Protocols (paleontological and cultural resources), and Attachment A Biological Resources Survey Requirements of Appendix B1 Biological Resources Conservation Plan of this POD. Project construction may begin after all right-of-way preparation and preconstruction actions have been completed to the satisfaction of the Company, Compliance Inspection Contractor (CIC), and agencies and will be allowed through issuance of a Notice to Proceed (NTP) by the BLM. A Preconstruction Meeting The Company will schedule and conduct a preconstruction meeting with the respective BLM, USFS, and Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) Authorized Officer(s) a minimum of 14 days prior to the commencement of Project construction. As provided in Appendix A4 Environmental and Safety Training Plan, the Company/Construction Contractor(s) will present an environmental and safety education program training that will address how compliance with all Project-specific permitting documents will be met. The CIC will present what their role is and what key environmental issues associated with the Project they will be monitoring for compliance. A Bureau of Land Management-Administered Lands Notice to Proceed Once the BLM right-of-way grant for the Project has been issued to the Company by the BLM, actual Project construction, including all surface disturbing activities on BLM-administered lands, will only be authorized by the issuance of a written NTP by the BLM. An NTP will be issued only after completion and/or approval of all requirements of the POD, programmatic agreement, and biological opinion and receipt/approval of the cultural and reclamation bond. For example, the NTP will be issued after the POD has been completed and approved by the Company, BLM, USFS, and BIA. The NTP will specify the location and timing of construction as well as which authorized activities are approved to move forward. Should noncompliance issues, environmental issues, or other problems be encountered during authorized Energy Gateway South Transmission Project A3-3 Plan of Development

10 activities, the BLM may amend or rescind the NTP previously issued as described in Appendix A5 Environmental Compliance Management Plan. A U.S. Forest Service Special-use Authorization Receipt of the USFS special-use authorization will be permission for work to begin on USFSadministered land. The USFS authorization requires compliance with receipt of the reclamation and cultural bonds to be described in BLM s NTP. A Bureau of Indian Affairs Encroachment Permit and Grant of Easement Receipt of the BIA encroachment permit and grant of easement will be permission for work to begin on BIA-administered land. The BIA authorization requires compliance with receipt of the reclamation and cultural bonds to be described in BLM s NTP. A Private Lands Although the federal agencies do not have authority over state or private land, it is expected the provisions of the POD will be applied consistently to state and private land as well as federal land, unless otherwise indicated by the state and by private landowners and documentation of the state or landowner decision(s) is documented through the Level 1 Variance process, by the CIC. The federal agencies do have an obligation and authority to enforce the requirements of the National Historic Preservation Act and the Endangered Species Act to protect important historic properties and threatened and endangered species, respectively, regardless of land jurisdiction or ownership. Prior to issuance of an NTP for construction in an area where treatment is prescribed in a state s final Historic Properties Treatment Plan (HPTP), the BLM will ensure that implementation of each state s final HPTP is completed to a level acceptable to the BLM for the area requested under the NTP, in consultation with the appropriate State Historic Preservation Office and consulting parties. The implementation of the treatment prescribed in a state s final HPTP will apply to all land in the treatment area regardless of ownership. Similarly, because the Project requires a federal action, all Endangered Species Act-listed species were addressed Project-wide in Section 7 consultation and the terms of the Biological Opinion are legally binding regardless of land ownership. A3.3 Access Roads Roads enable access to the right-of-way and tower work sites for both construction and long-term maintenance of the Project. Access roads must be sufficient to bear the weight and endure heavy construction vehicle use. All roads would be upgraded or constructed according to PacifiCorp s published standards for road construction; BLM (BLM 2011), USFS, state, and/or local requirements for road construction; or private landowner agreements to be outlined in the POD. In the event PacifiCorp s published standards for road construction conflict with BLM, USFS, state, or local requirements, the Company/Construction Contractor(s) will coordinate with the CIC (or appropriate land-management agency representative in areas where the CIC does not have authority) to resolve the conflicting standards. However, existing paved and unpaved highways and roads would be used, where possible, for the transportation of materials and equipment from the multi-use yards to the areas where they would be needed along the Project right-of-way. The BLM considers authorized existing roads to be travel surfaces that have been modified from their natural condition specifically for access purposes. Similarly, USFS considers authorized existing roads to be those identified in their current Travel Management Plan. Unauthorized roads or two-tracks that do not meet these criteria on BLM or USFS lands will require approval from the appropriate land-management agency to be used for construction, operation, or maintenance purposes. The completion and approval by Energy Gateway South Transmission Project A3-4 Plan of Development

11 the Company, BLM, USFS, and BIA of the POD and subsequent issuance of the NTP(s) by the BLM and USFS will constitute the aforementioned land-management agency approval. In some cases, the BLM or USFS may prefer new access be built rather than using or improving unauthorized access routes. Where existing roads could be used for construction, operation, and maintenance purposes, only spur roads to transmission tower sites may be needed. When use of a spur road extends beyond one-half of the distance between structure locations (one-half of the span length), constructing a new road from tower-totower will typically result in less ground disturbance than building spur roads from existing roads to each tower site or Project work area. The number of new spur roads will be held to a minimum, consistent with their intended use (e.g., structure construction or conductor stringing and tensioning). Some existing roads could require upgrading to meet the PacifiCorp, BLM, or USFS published standards for road construction. All existing roads will be left in a condition equal to, or better than, their condition prior to construction, in accordance with BLM, USFS, state, and/or local road standards or private landowner agreements. Project right-of-way access would be a combination of new access, improvements to existing access, and use of existing access. New access or improvements to existing access would be constructed using a bulldozer or grader, followed by a roller, to compact and smooth the ground. Front-end loaders would be used to move the soil locally or off site. Typically, access to the Project right-of-way and structure sites requires a 14-foot-wide travel way for straight sections and a 16- to 22-foot-wide travel way at curves to facilitate safe movement of equipment and vehicles. However, in certain areas, access widths through curves occasionally may exceed 22 feet. Wherever possible, new access would be constructed within the Project right-of-way, or existing access would be used. In other cases, access would be required between the Project features and existing access. Erosion control and sedimentation measures, such as crossroad drainage, at-grade water bars, culverts, sediment basins, or perimeter control, would be installed as required to minimize erosion during and subsequent to construction of the Project. Care will be taken when utilizing erosion control and sedimentation measures to not channel or direct water onto adjacent sensitive environmental features. After Project construction, existing and new permanent access would be used by operation and maintenance crews and vehicles for inspection and maintenance activities. New permanent access not located in steep terrain would be seeded with the approved, appropriate seed mix per Appendix C1 Reclamation, Revegetation, and Monitoring Plan Framework (Attachment D Agency-approved Seed Mixes and Methods) and allowed to revegetate. Typical operation and maintenance activities would use an 8-foot-wide portion of new permanent access for operation and maintenance vehicles. More significant operation and maintenance activities that would require access by larger vehicles would use the full width of the new permanent access. Access areas would be repaired, as necessary, but not be routinely graded. New temporary construction access not required for operation and maintenance activities would be reclaimed after completion of Project construction, per Appendix C1 Reclamation, Revegetation, and Monitoring Plan Framework. Gates (or other barriers) would be installed on new permanent or new temporary access, as required by the Company, BLM, USFS, or landowner to restrict unauthorized vehicular access to the right-of-way. Cattle guards with or without access gates will be installed where permanent access roads cross fence lines as required by the BLM, USFS, or landowner and in accordance with the Company s standards. Cattle guards will be (unless another agency and/or land owner require other standards) all steel with no cleanout, 14 by 8 feet, painted yellow, and set on rough sawn pressure treated timbers (No. 2 or better grade) 12 inches by 12 inches by 16 feet. Energy Gateway South Transmission Project A3-5 Plan of Development

12 To the maximum extent possible, drainages would be crossed at grade. Where such crossings are not feasible, culverts may be constructed (some of which may be temporary). Where a permanent crossing is not required and allowed by the canal operator, temporary crossings may be completed using a portable bridge or fill. The bridge or fill and all crossing appurtenances shall be completely removed and the embankments restored and revegetated to the satisfaction of the canal operator on completion of the construction. Whenever possible, these crossings will be done during canal off season. A culvert may be used if construction is to take place during periods where the canal is expected to be in operation. The culvert shall be sized to pass the entire capacity of the canal without obstruction. The Company/Construction Contractor(s) shall coordinate with the canal operator to obtain required crossing permits and specific requirements. If a riparian crossing is required during wet periods with saturated soil conditions, vehicles will not be allowed to travel when soils are moist enough for deep rutting (4 or more inches deep or a more stringent requirement as identified in individual resource management plans) to occur unless prefabricated equipment pads are installed over the saturated areas or other measures are implemented to prevent rutting. During wet road conditions, the land-management agency and/or landowner will be notified if Project activities create rutting deeper than 4 inches for a distance longer than 50 feet (unless a more stringent requirement has been established by the land-management agency and/or landowners). If rutting exceeds these thresholds, use of the access shall stop and the area repaired by the Construction Contractor(s) at the discretion of the land-management agency and/or land owner. Equipment with low-ground-pressure tires, wide tracks, or balloon tires will be used when possible to help reduce the potential for rutting. A3.3.1 Snow Removal Prior to any snow removal, the respective federal land-management agencies Authorized Officers or their designated representatives must be contacted to obtain approval. Snow removal will not be performed on overland access routes. If snow removal is authorized, at a minimum the following will be required: Snow will typically be bladed or pushed off the roads and construction area but within the rightof-way. The storage of snow will be confined to areas approved for disturbance and where appropriate surveys (e.g., biological, cultural, paleontological) have been completed. Snow removal will be done typically with a motor grader, snowplow, or dozer. Care will be taken when removing snow to minimize mixing of soil with snow. Tracked equipment used for snow removal operations shall be equipped with shoes to keep the blade 2 inches off the ground. To accommodate big game movements, 100 foot gaps shall be provided every 0.25 mile in the snow berms created as a result of snow removal. The Construction Contractor(s) shall take special precautions where the surface of the ground is uneven and at drainage crossings to ensure equipment blades do not destroy vegetation. In areas where snow fills trenches or holes, the Construction Contractor(s) will be responsible for removing it to allow visual inspection of trenches or holes prior to installing Project facilities and backfilling. The Construction Contractor(s) will backfill trenches with unfrozen soils to the extent practicable to minimize the potential for ditchline settlement resulting from voids between frozen chunks of backfill. As directed by the respective federal land-management agencies Authorized Officers or their designated representatives, all access roads (excluding overland access routes) shall be winterized by providing a Energy Gateway South Transmission Project A3-6 Plan of Development

13 well-drained roadway. This may be achieved by using water bars, maintaining drainage, and using any additional measures necessary to minimize erosion and other damage to the roadway or the surrounding public lands. No snow removal is to occur on overland access without the approval of the respective federal landmanagement agencies Authorized Officers or their designated representatives. A3.3.2 Bureau of Land Management and U.S. Forest Service Access Road Requirements The BLM and USFS will require the following for access to and across lands they administer. Existing paved highways and improved unpaved roads, where possible, will be used for the transportation of materials and equipment from the storage yards to the areas where they will be needed along the Project right-of-way. These improved roads are better suited to the transportation of large construction vehicles and heavy equipment. In areas where no grading will be needed to access work areas, the Construction Contractor(s) will use the overland drive-and-crush method to access the site in areas that are relatively level and that have low growing grasses and shrubs to the greatest extent possible. Drive-and-crush is vehicular travel to access a site without significantly modifying the landscape. Vegetation is crushed but not cropped. Soil is compacted, but no surface soil is removed. In areas where no grading will be needed to access work areas, but vegetation is large and/or dense, the Construction Contractor(s) will use the overland clear-and-cut method to provide access along the approved construction zone to the greatest extent possible. Clear-and-cut is the removal of vegetation to improve or provide suitable access for equipment. Methods for removal of vegetation will include mowing (brush hog flail-type mower); hand clearing with small tools, such as loppers and chain saws; and back dragging a cat blade above the surface of the soil to remove surface vegetation. Soil is compacted, but no surface soil is removed. In areas where road improvement/construction is needed due to topography and slope considerations, the Construction Contractor(s) will make any such improvements according to BLM s requirements for road construction as contained in BLM Manual 9113 or USFS road construction requirements in accordance with Forest Service handbooks Road Preconstruction Handbook, Road Construction Handbook, and Transportation System Maintenance Handbook. The BLM, USFS, and BIA will determine which temporary access roads will be fully reclaimed on federal lands. In certain areas, it could be necessary to close roads after construction to restrict future access for general and undesired use. Such areas would be identified through negotiations with the land-management agency. Methods for road closure or management may include implementing physical barriers, such as locking gates, obstructing the path with earthen berms or boulders, ripping the road bed, or depositing construction material on the road surface, in a manner consistent with reclamation practices per Appendix C1 Reclamation, Revegetation, and Monitoring Plan Framework. Closed access routes would have to be reopened where right-of-access is impeded for operation and maintenance activities. A3.3.3 Ground Disturbance/Access Levels To reasonably predict the anticipated amount of disturbance resulting from construction of the Project, access levels based predominantly on slope characteristics were developed during the EIS process and used to identify impacts to environmental resources. Specifically, six levels of access have been identified Energy Gateway South Transmission Project A3-7 Plan of Development

14 for the Project, and the amount of predicted ground disturbance associated with each level of access is identified in Table A3-2. These six access levels further comprise five specific access types to construct, operate, and maintain the Project. Appendix A2 Traffic and Transportation Management Plan (Section A2.5 Types of Right-of-Way Access) provides a detailed discussion on the five types of access to be used for construction, operation, and maintenance of the Project. Access Levels Level 1 TABLE A3-2 GROUND DISTURBANCE/ACCESS LEVELS Description Existing road (0 to 15 percent slope) Use existing road (0 to 15 percent slope) within half the distance of the typical span from the Project centerline, 1.25 miles of existing access roads per mile of transmission line, 60 percent of existing access roads would require 8-foot-wide improvements (including cutand-fill), mile of 22-foot-wide spur roads (including cut-and-fill) per mile of transmission line, 100-foot-long by 10-foot-wide pullout areas required for every 1,000 feet of access road (approximately 2.8 acres of ground disturbance per mile). Level 2 Use existing road (greater than 15 percent slope) Use existing road (greater than 15 percent slope) within half the distance of the typical span from the Project centerline, 2.25 miles of existing access roads per mile of transmission line, 60 percent existing access roads would require 12-foot-wide improvements (including cut-and-fill), miles of 32-foot-wide spur roads (including cut-and-fill) per mile of transmission line, 100-foot-long by 10-foot-wide pullout areas required for every 1,000 feet of access road (approximately 6.7 acres of ground disturbance per mile). Level 3 Construct new access (0 to 8 percent slopes) Construct new access road (0 to 8 percent slope), 1.25 miles of new 20-foot-wide road (including cut-and-fill) per mile of transmission line, 100-foot-long by 10-foot-wide pullout areas would be required for every 1,000 feet of access road (approximately 3.2 acres of ground disturbance per mile). Level 4 Construct new access (8 to 15 percent slopes) Construct new access road (8 to 15 percent slope); 1.5 miles of new 24-foot-wide road per mile of transmission line, 100-foot-long by 10-foot-wide turnout areas required for every 1,000 feet of access road (approximately 4.5 acres of ground disturbance per mile). Level 5 Construct new access (greater than 15 percent slopes) Construct new access road (15 to 30 percent slope); 2.0 miles of new 29-foot-wide road per mile of transmission line, 100-foot-long by 10-foot-wide turnout areas would be required for every 1,000 feet of access road (approximately 7.3 acres of ground disturbance per mile). Level 6 Construct new access road (greater than 30 percent slope) 2.5 miles of new 55-foot-wide road per mile of transmission line, 100-foot-long by 10- foot-wide turnout areas would be required for every 1,000 feet of access road (approximately 17.0 acres of ground disturbance per mile). NOTE: 1 Access type as defined by the Company in Section A2.5 Types of Right-of-Way Access of Appendix A2 Transportation and Access Management Plan. Access Type 1 Type 1, Type 2 Type 1, Type 2 Type 3, Type 4, Type 5 Type 3, Type 5 Type 3, Type 5 Type 3, Type 5 Energy Gateway South Transmission Project A3-8 Plan of Development

15 Tables A3-3 and A3-4 summarize the expected ground disturbance in acres associated with the construction of the Project. TABLE A3-3 SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED GROUND DISTURBANCE AND VEGETATION CLEARING FOR THE PROJECT Temporary Disturbance (acres) 1, 4 Permanent Disturbance (acres) 2, 4 Right-of-way Vegetation Clearing (acres) 3, 4 Total Disturbance (acres) 4 Total for selected route 4,693 2,579 7,272 2,584 NOTES: 1 Temporary Disturbance: Estimated area of disturbance associated with structure work areas, wire tensioning/pulling sites, wire splicing sites, multipurpose construction yards, helicopter fly yards, guard structures, and temporary access roads (refer to Table 3-1 of Section 3). 2 Permanent Disturbance: Estimated area of disturbance associated with the area occupied by structures (pads) (0.08 acre per structure), communication regeneration stations (100 by 100 feet, one station approximately every 55 miles), series compensation stations, and permanent access roads (refer to Tables 3-1 of Section 3). 3 Right-of-way Vegetation Clearing: vegetation clearing has been estimated in the transmission line right-of-way only. Calculations only include vegetation types with the potential to grow more than 5 feet tall (aspen, mountain forest, mountain shrub, pinyon-juniper, and riparian), and overlap with other disturbance in the Project right-of-way. Vegetation clearing was not calculated for access roads due to the access road design not being available for the alternative routes at this time and is required to accurately identify locations of temporary and permanent access roads. Temporary and permanent disturbance calculations include estimated disturbance for all access roads. 4 Disturbance calculations include an additional 5 percent contingency. Acres in table are rounded; therefore, columns may not sum exactly. TABLE A3-4 SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED GROUND DISTURBANCE AND VEGETATION CLEARING FOR THE 345-KILOVOLT TRANSMISSION LINE SEGMENTS Temporary Disturbance (acres) 1, 4 Permanent Disturbance (acres) 2, 4 Total Disturbance (acres) Transmission Line Right-of-way Vegetation Clearing (acres) 3, 4 Segments Segment 4a Segment 4b Segment 4c NOTES: 1 Temporary Disturbance: Estimated area of disturbance associated with structure work areas (150 by 200 feet per structure), one multipurpose construction yard (10 acre site divided among the three segments), one helicopter fly-yard (15-acre site divided among the three segments), wire tensioning/pulling sites (150 by 400 feet per segment), wire splicing sites (100 by 100 feet for Segment 4a and 4b), and guard structures (150 by 75 feet approximately 1.4 structures per 1 mile) (refer to Table 3-1 of Section 3). 2 Permanent Disturbance: Estimated area of disturbance associated with the area occupied by structures (pads) and permanent access roads (refer to Table 3-1 of Section 3). 3 Right-of-way Vegetation Clearing: vegetation clearing has been estimated in the transmission line right-of-way only. Calculations only include vegetation types with the potential to grow more than 5 feet tall (aspen, mountain forest, mountain shrub, pinyon-juniper, and riparian), and overlap with other disturbance in the Project right-of-way. Vegetation clearing was not calculated for access roads due to the access road design not being available for the alternative routes at this time and is required to accurately identify locations of temporary and permanent access roads. Temporary and permanent disturbance calculations include estimated disturbance for all access roads. 4 Disturbance calculations include an additional 5 percent contingency. Acres in table are rounded; therefore, columns may not sum exactly. A3.4 Transmission Line Construction The following sections describe the transmission-line construction activities and procedures for the Project. Substation/series compensation station construction is described in Section A3.5 Substation/Series Compensation Substation Construction. Various construction activities would occur Energy Gateway South Transmission Project A3-9 Plan of Development

16 during the construction process, with several construction crews operating simultaneously at different locations on three transmission line segments (spreads). A3.4.1 Geotechnical Investigations and Soil Boring As discussed in Section A Geotechnical Investigations, the Geotechnical Investigations POD is included as Appendix G of this POD and further describes the process for the investigations and reducing the impacts associated with the investigation. A3.4.2 Multi-purpose Yards Construction of the Project would begin with the establishment of multi-purpose yards along the Project alignment. The multi-purpose yards would serve as field offices; reporting locations for workers; parking space for vehicles and equipment; and sites for material storage, fabrication, assembly, concrete batch plants, and stations for equipment maintenance. The yards, about 30 acres each for 500-kilovolt (kv) transmission-line construction and one 10-acre site in the Clover Substation area for 345kV transmissionline construction, would be located near each end of each of the three segments of the transmission-line right-of-way and approximately every 20 miles along the route. Additionally, helicopter fly yards for helicopter operations would be located approximately every 5 miles along the route where helicopter construction is planned and would occupy approximately 15 acres each. Lighting would be the minimum required to meet safety and security standards. Multi-purpose yards and helicopter fly yards may be fenced, have locked gates, and have security guards stationed where needed. Yard locations would be finalized following discussion with the landmanagement agency or negotiations with landowners. In some areas, the multi-purpose yards may need to be scraped by a bulldozer and a temporary layer of rock laid to provide an all-weather surface. Unless otherwise directed by the land-management agency or landowner, the rock would be removed from the yards upon completion of construction and the area would be restored using reclamation measures identified in Appendix C1 Reclamation, Revegetation, and Monitoring Plan Framework. Typically, helicopter fly yards would be located in relatively flat areas with easy, existing access to minimize site grading and new road construction. When possible, these areas would be located in previously disturbed sites or in areas of minimal vegetative cover. Since the location of these multi-purpose and helicopter yards has yet to be determined, these yards will need to be surveyed for environmental resources prior to ground-disturbing activities. All required cultural resource work will be conducted pursuant to the requirements of the Programmatic Agreement for the Project in compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act. The BLM will ensure that all work undertaken to satisfy the terms of the Programmatic Agreement meets the Secretary of the Interior s Standards and Guidelines for Archeology and Historic Preservation (48 FR 44716) (Federal Register, September 29, 1983) and is in compliance with BLM Manual 8110 and Forest Service Manual 2360, as required. A3.4.3 Site Access and Preparation Construction of the Project would require vehicle, truck, and crane access to each new structure site for construction crews, materials, and equipment. Similarly, construction of other Project components, such as staging yards and substation sites, would require vehicle access. Energy Gateway South Transmission Project A3-10 Plan of Development

17 Individual structure work areas would be bladed, as necessary, to allow for the safe installation of the transmission line structures and to facilitate access for future operation and maintenance activities. As necessary, the blading of individual structure work areas would be done using a bulldozer to blade only the minimum required area, and to the extent practical, blading of native plant communities would be minimized. For all structure types, the structure work area would be cleared of vegetation only to the extent necessary and any removed topsoil would be stockpiled and stabilized to limit erosion. Upon completion of construction, all areas not needed for typical Project operation and maintenance activities, including fire and personnel safety clearance areas, would be graded to blend as near as possible with the natural contours and topsoil would be replaced and reseeded per the requirements of Appendix C1 Reclamation, Revegetation, and Monitoring Plan Framework. At each single-circuit 500kV structure location, an area approximately 250 by 250 feet would be needed for construction laydown, structure assembly, and erection, depending on slope. An area approximately 150 by 200 feet would be required for 345kV structure locations. This area would provide a safe working space for placing equipment, vehicles, and materials. Additional equipment may be required if solid rock is encountered at a structure location. Rock-hauling, hammering, or blasting may be required to remove the rock. Excess rock that is too large in size or volume to be spread at the individual structure sites would be hauled away and disposed of at approved locations or at a location specified by the landowner or land-management agency. A Bureau of Land Management and U.S. Forest Service Site Preparation Requirements (all jurisdictions) On BLM and USFS-administered lands, the BLM and USFS will require the following for site preparation. In addition, Section A3.3.2 Bureau of Land Management and U.S. Forest Service Access Road Requirements identifies the requirements for site access across BLM- and USFS-administered lands. In areas where no grading will be needed to prepare the sites, the Construction Contractor(s) will use the overland drive-and-crush method to prepare the site in areas that are relatively level and that have low growing grasses and shrubs to the greatest extent possible. Vegetation is crushed but not cropped. Soil is compacted, but no surface soil is removed except for foundation preparation. In areas where no grading will be needed to prepare the site but vegetation is large and/or dense, the Construction Contractor(s) will use the overland clear-and-cut method to prepare the site to the greatest extent possible. Clear-and-cut is the removal of vegetation to improve or provide suitable access for equipment. Vegetation is removed using aboveground cutting methods that leave the root crown intact, such as with a brush hog or hand tools. Soil is compacted, but no surface soil is removed except for foundation preparation. In areas where structure sites must be graded to provide a safe, level working space for structure installation, the Construction Contractor(s) will segregate topsoil and then spread the topsoil back over the site to provide a suitable seedbed for reclamation efforts. Excess soil from foundation hole excavation will be placed around the base of each structure to provide positive drainage away from the structure. The BLM and USFS require that where possible, structure sites on BLM- and USFS-administered lands be reclaimed per Appendix C1 Reclamation, Revegetation, and Monitoring Plan Framework. In areas where topography and slope require cut and fill methods to provide a safe, level working space for structure installation, the Construction Contractor(s) will limit disturbance to the smallest possible area through the application of engineering alternatives and by planning to Energy Gateway South Transmission Project A3-11 Plan of Development

18 safely work with minimal equipment and equipment movements. Upon construction completion, the size of the structure work area will be reduced as much as possible. The structure work area will be recontoured to the greatest extent possible to soften the appearance of the structure work area and will be reclaimed per Appendix C1 Reclamation, Revegetation, and Monitoring Plan Framework. The USFS will also require the following for site preparation on USFS-administered lands. Accessing the right-of-way within inventoried roadless areas for construction at structure work areas will be accomplished via helicopter supported overland travel using low-impact vehicles. No blade work will be allowed to assist overland travel within the inventoried roadless areas. A3.4.4 Install Structure Foundations Lattice Steel Structure Foundations Each 500kV support structure requires the installation of foundations. Excavations for the foundations are completed using truck- or track-mounted equipment and/or augers of various sizes depending on the diameter and depth requirements of the hole to be drilled. Each foundation would extend approximately 2 feet above ground level. Self-supporting lattice towers require four foundations be installed, one for each leg of the tower. Foundations will be selected based upon geotechnical and geologic conditions. Foundation types include drilled shaft concrete piers, shallow foundations, driven steel piles with a pile cap, steel screw piles with a pile cap, micropiles with a pile cap or steel grillages. Excavations for shallow foundations will be completed using rubber tired or tracked conventional construction equipment. Excavation depth will be dependent on structure type, loading and soil conditions. For guyed structures the excavation will be prizmoidal, roughly 15 feet deep, 42 feet square at the top, and 6 feet square at the bottom. A steel reinforced concrete footing would be cast against soil and a concrete pedestal would be cast to attach the tower to the foundation. The foundation will be backfilled using native soil compacted in small lifts. Excavations for grillage foundations will be completed in the same way described for shallow concrete foundations, except that the foundation itself will be constructed using galvanized common steel member shapes and/or plates sized and arranged to provide the necessary capacity. Steel shapes will provide attachment of the tower to the foundation. When a plate is used, poorly graded sand will be placed under the plate to provide an even bearing surface. Similar to the shallow concrete foundation, the grillage foundation will be backfilled using native soils compacted in small lifts. Guyed steel lattice structures require a single foundation at the centerline of the structure. The foundation can be a drilled shaft concrete pier, cast in place shallow foundation, driven steel piles with a pile cap, steel screw piles with a pile cap, micropiles with a pile cap or steel grillage. The structural guys will each require an anchor. The anchors can be shallowly buried grillage, plates, or a concrete deadman, as well as steel driven, screwed or micro piles with or without a steel cap and grouted rods. Piles are deep foundation elements manufactured from steel shapes or pipes. The types considered for this project are driven and screw piles. Driven piles are steel H or pipe shapes. They are advanced using a pile driving hammer attached to specialized tracked construction equipment. Screw piles are manufactured using steel pipe with steel plate helixes welded to the lower section. They are twisted into the ground using a high torque head attached to tracked construction equipment. The advantage for both types of piles is that no excavation is required for installation. Energy Gateway South Transmission Project A3-12 Plan of Development

19 Where solid rock is encountered, blasting, rock hauling, or the use of a rock anchoring or micro-pile system may be required. Micro-piles are high capacity, small diameter (5- to 12-inch) drilled and grouted in-place piles designed with a steel tendon designed to resist structural loading. The rock anchoring or micro-pile system would be used in areas where site access is limited or adjacent structures could be damaged as a result of blasting or rock-hauling activities. All pile type foundations will require multiple pile elements be installed at each location. A cap, steel or concrete, will be required to tie the pile elements together structurally and provide the needed capacity. In environmentally sensitive areas with very soft soils, additional equipment, such as a HydroVac, which uses water pressure and a vacuum, may be used to excavate material into a storage tank. Alternatively, a temporary casing may be used during drilling to hold the excavation open. Depending on the foundation and soil types, the casing may be withdrawn as the concrete or grout is placed in the hole. In areas where it is not possible to operate large drilling equipment due to access or environmental constraints, hand digging may be required. Reinforced-steel anchor bolt cages would be installed after excavation and prior to structure installation. These cages are designed to strengthen the structural integrity of the drilled pier and cast-in-place shallow foundations and would be assembled at the nearest yard and delivered to the structure site via flatbed truck or helicopter. These cages would be inserted in the holes prior to placing concrete. The excavated holes containing the reinforcing anchor bolt cages would be filled with concrete. Typically, and because of the remote location of much of the Project, concrete would be provided from portable batch plants set up approximately every 60 miles along the line route in one of the multi-purpose yards. Concrete would be delivered directly to the site in concrete trucks with a capacity of up to 10 cubic yards. In the more developed areas along the route and in proximity to the substations, the construction contractor may use local concrete providers to deliver concrete to the site when economically feasible. H-Frame Structure Foundations Each 345kV H-frame typically would require the poles be directly embedded in the ground. Holes would be drilled in the ground using a truck- or track-mounted auger. When the pole is placed in the hole, native, select, flowable fill, or concrete would be used to fill the voids around the perimeter of the hole. When backfill must be imported, material would be obtained from commercial sources or from areas free of noxious weed species. Similarly, where solid rock is encountered, blasting may be required. Each 345kV mono-pole support structure and 500kV steel H-frame structure would require the installation of foundations, which typically are drilled concrete piers. The holes would be drilled using truck- or track-mounted augers of various sizes depending on the diameter and depth requirements of the hole to be drilled. Each foundation would extend approximately 2 feet above the ground level. Where solid rock is encountered, blasting, rock hauling, or the use of a rock anchoring or micro-pile system may be required. Micro-piles are high capacity, small diameter (5- to 12-inch) drilled and grouted in-place piles designed with steel reinforcement to primarily resist structural loading. The rock anchoring or micro-pile system would be used in areas where site access is limited or adjacent structures could be damaged as a result of blasting or rock-hauling activities. In environmentally sensitive areas with very soft soils, additional equipment, such as a HydroVac, which uses water pressure and a vacuum, may be used to excavate material into a storage tank. Alternatively, a temporary casing may be used during drilling to hold the excavation open, after which the casing is withdrawn as the concrete is placed in the hole. In areas where it is not possible to operate large drilling equipment due to access or environmental constraints, hand digging may be required. Energy Gateway South Transmission Project A3-13 Plan of Development

20 Reinforced steel anchor-bolt cages would be installed after excavation and prior to structure installation. These cages are designed to strengthen the structural integrity of the drilled pier and cast-in-place shallow foundations and would be assembled at the nearest multi-purpose yard and delivered to the structure site via flatbed truck or helicopter. These cages would be inserted in the holes prior to pouring concrete. The excavated holes containing the reinforcing anchor bolt cages would be filled with concrete. A3.4.5 Erect Support Structures The 500kV self-supporting lattice-steel and H-frame structures will be assembled on site, except where helicopter delivery is employed. Steel members for each structure will be delivered to the site by flatbed truck. Assembly will be facilitated on site by a truck-mounted crane. Subsequent to assembly, the structures would be lifted onto foundations using a large crane designed for erecting structures. The crane would move along the right-of-way from structure site to structure site erecting the structures (Figure A3-1 Transmission Line Construction Sequence). The 500kV guyed steel lattice structures will be assembled either directly on site or in a designated assembly facility near the line. Steel members for each structure will be delivered in packaged bundles to the structure site or to the assembly facility by flatbed truck. Assembly at the final installation site of each tower is the most common method used in transmission line construction. When assembled at the structure site, large components of the tower, such as legs, main body, or head frame, will be independently assembled on blocks with the use of a small crane. Site assembly will require several days with a crew of four to six workers. These tower sections will be located on the site convenient for erection by a larger crane. Figure A3-1 Transmission Line Construction Sequence Energy Gateway South Transmission Project A3-14 Plan of Development

21 The 345kV H-frame, single-circuit and double-circuit mono-pole structures will be framed on site. Two methods of assembly can be used to accomplish this, the first of which is to assemble the poles, braces, cross arms, hardware, and insulators on the ground. A crane is then used to set the fully framed structure by placing the poles in the excavated holes. Alternatively, aerial framing can be used by setting the poles in the ground first and assembling the braces, cross arms, hardware, and insulators in the air. A crane will move along the right-of-way from structure site to structure site setting the structures. A3.4.6 String Conductors, Shield Wire, and Fiber Optic Ground Wire Conductor, shield wire, and overhead optical ground wire (OPGW) would be placed on the transmissionline support structures by a process called stringing. The first step to wire stringing would be to install insulators (if not already installed on the structures during ground assembly) and stringing sheaves. Stringing sheaves are rollers that are attached temporarily to the lower portion of the insulators at each transmission line support structure to allow conductors to be pulled along the line. These sheaves will each have two or three rollers corresponding to the number of conductors designated as a bundle at each phase location. All conductors of one phase will be pulled in together. Figure A3-2 Conductor Installation illustrates the setup in installing conductors. Additionally, temporary clearance structures (also called guard structures) would be erected where required prior to stringing any transmission lines. The temporary clearance structures typically are vertical wood poles with cross arms and are erected at road crossings or crossings with other energized electric and communication lines to prevent the wires being pulled in from accidental contact with other lines, vehicles, buildings, or the ground during stringing activities. Bucket trucks also may be used to provide temporary clearance. Bucket trucks are trucks fitted with a hinged arm ending in an enclosed platform called a bucket, which can be raised to let the worker in the bucket service portions of the transmission structure as well as the insulators and conductors without climbing the structure. Figure A3-2 Conductor Installation Energy Gateway South Transmission Project A3-15 Plan of Development