Durable Transport Infrastructures in the Atlantic Area Network

Transcription

1 Project nr /049 Durable Transport Infrastructures in the Atlantic Area Network Manuela Salta Project Leader Investing in our common future

2 Project CONTEXT >Politica transportes EU strategic and priority action guidelines European Cohesion policy and Lisbon agenda European transport policy (EU Decision 884/2004/CE, 29 April 2004) Trans-European Transport Networks(TEN-T) Interoperability of european transport Networks Gothenburg (Kyoto protocol) agenda Environmental policy (6th EAP-EU ) Strategic position of Atlantic Area to east west connections Relevance of AA on maritime highways Intermodal transportation Reduction of environmental impact and to improve the energetic efficiency Infrastructures repair /rehabilitation needs

3 Project CONTEXT Atlantic Area Transport Infrastructures -High number of structures with > 30 years -Most structures needs repair /rehabilitation -Some structures repaired shown low repair performance -Sustainability of construction (energy and environment impacts)

4 DURATINET PROJECT The main goal of the project is to create the network of excellence DURATINET to facilitate an efficient exchange and transfer of knowledge on maintenance of concrete and steel structures namely as it concerns the assessment and repairing of structures > to promote the durability, safety and sustainability of transport infrastructures in the Atlantic Area, turning these regions more attractive to live in, to work and for competitive business

5 PRIORITY 3. Improve the acessibility and internal links OBJECTIVE 1. promote the interoperability between different transportation Project data: 5 Countries PT,SP,FR,IR,UK 17 Partners TOTAL PROJECT COST M TOTAL ELLIGIBLE COST M ERDF FUND (65%) M

6 TCD NRA QUB PARTNERSHIP 17 Partners VIGO Univ. Xunta Galiza PV LCPC NANTES U La Rochele U CG17 Bordeaux U Portugal (6) Spain (3) France (5) Ireland (2) United Kingdom (1) LNEC EP REFER BEL APL FUNDCIC

7 PARTNERSHIP R&D Institutions (8 partners) -2 National Lab in Civil Eng. -6 University R centers Infrastructures Administrations, owners and structural designers (7 partners) - HIGHWAYS - PORTS - RAILWAYS DURATI NETWORK Contractors, Mat Producers and Societies (2 partners) - REPAIR CONTRACTOR NON PROFIT SOCIETY + 3 associated partners

8 SHORT - TERM OBJECTIVES AND RESULTS 1 2 Produce Guidelines for maintenance of concrete and steel structures repair Create new Professional competences on repair Project Objectives 3 Create DURATINET SITE Create & Web Platform and DataBase DB-DURATI MAIN GOAL NETWORK FOR TRANSFER KNOWLEDGE On MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OPTIMIZATION TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURES For sustainable development LONG-TERM OBJECTIVES AND RESULTS 4 Identify new research needs on repair systems 5 Promotion And development Green and Smart materials Cluster Green and Smart Structural Materials DURATINET Durable Transport Infrastructures in the Atlantic Area - Network

9 PROJECT ACTIVITIES Objective 1 Objective 2 Objective 3 Objective 4 Objective 5 Activity 2 Maintenance optimization and decision tools Activity 3 Reinforced & prestressed Concrete structures Repair Activity 4 Steel structures Repair Activity 9 Comunication & dissemination DURATINET SITE & DB-DURATI Web manual Activity 10 DURATINET PROJECT MANAGEMENT Activity 8 Activity 5 Activity 6 Activity 1 Project preparation Quality control needs on repair Activity 7 Performance evaluation of structural and new repair materials Smart & green structural and repair materials

10 ACTIVITY 2 Maintenance optimization and decision tools Requirements for maintenancee and repairs optimization Methodologies to support repair decisions End-product

11 Activity 3 Reinforced and prestressed concrete structures maintenance/repair Durability requirements Types and degradation mechanisms Inspection and diagnosis Prevention and service life modelling Repair techniques and Performance/cost/environmental impact End-product

12 ACTIVITY 4 Steel structures maintenance Durability requirements Damage mechanisms of steel Inspection and evaluation, NDT Protection/ repairing End-product

13 ACTIVITY 5 Quality control needs on repair systems Implications of harmonized standards on quality control at level of the contractors Implications of harmonized standards on quality control at level of materials producers End-product: Technical report

14 ACTIVITY 6 Smart & green structural and repair materials Concrete with mineral by-products and recycled agregates Water solvents based coatings for steel protection Cement with nano particles and nanofibers (Carbon nanotubes) Nanomaterials coatings with specific performance properties, easy to clean/self cleaning and nanoproducts for protection of porous materials FRP in new structures and in repairing End-product: State -of the- art Reports

15 T/ºC duratinet ACTIVITY 6 On-line Monitoring wireless systems SMART STRUCTURES P T_meia T_2m T_lintel End-product: 5 0 Jul/08 Ago/08 Set/08 Out/08 Nov/08 Dez/08 Jan/09 Data Wireless sensor network Wireless data transmission State- of the- art- reports on sensors development

16 ACTIVITY 7 Performance evaluation of structural and new repair materials Portugal- Port of Peniche In situ aplication of new repair products and systems Collecting data from materials performance from structures(bridges, wharves) and from the natural experimental site exposure, to fill db-durati Portugal: Cabo Raso France - La Rochelle

17 ACTIVITY 7 Estruturas em estudo >BARRA Bridge (Portugal) Barra-Bridge (Portugal) >Ferrycarrig Bridge (Ireland)

18 ACTIVITY 8 duratinet CREATION WEBPLATFORM WEBSITE WEBTOOLS DB-DURATI & Manual web -version OPEN to Contractors & material producers performance systems technical data Private domain for project partners Management & communication Cluster Smart and green materials Public Domain Project activities/results, project events, publications final results Database Data on materials & repair performance and structures inspection Data Shee t service life modelling OPEN to Administrations for new materials and products for repair and good experiences on their infrastructures repair activities Web Forum on Infrastructures Maintenance/repair

19 ACTIVITY 9 duratinet Project promotion, divulgation and dissemination actions Organization of EVENTS for dissemination of project activities and results >6 Trans-national Workshops for stakeholders and end-users ( LIsbon, Belfast, Bordeaux, Dublin, Vigo, Nantes, La Rochelle) >International Congress DURATINET 1st semester 2012 >Course on inspection techniques and diagnosis and demonstration actions on repairs 2nd semester 2011

20 ACTIVITY 10 duratinet Stakeholders Leader Activity 1 ADVISORY COMMITTEE (AC) Activity 10 PARTNERS COMMITTEE (PC) STEERING COMMITEE (SC) WG A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 P6 P4 P3 P10 P9 P11 P14 P7 P1 P2 P5 P3 P4 P6 P9 P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 P16 P17 P4 P1 P2 P9 P10 P11 P12 P13 P16 P17 P3 P12 P13 P9 P10 P11 P14 P8 P3 P5 P7 P1 P2 P4 P5 P1 P12 P2 P4 P13 P15 P1 P3 P2 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 P16 P17 P1 P3 P2 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 P13 P14 P 15 P 16 P 17

21 Activity 10 Grupo Stakeholders Project Leader LNEC-M. Salta ADVISORY COMMITTEE (AC) PARTNERS COMMITTEE (PC) STEERING COMMITEE (SC) Consortium Infrastructures Authorities & Contractors NRA- Albert Dayle (chair) EP- A. Póvoa REFER- L.Mendes BEL- R. Moura APL- A. Martins PV- CG-17- Ana X G- J.Ramon All project members from 17 Partners SEMESTER MEETINGS I&D partners 1 repres./ Working Group leaders QUB- M. Basheer (chair) TCD-Alan O Connor GHYMAC- Sylvie Yotte LEPTIAB -Ait Mohktar UV- Ramon Novoa GeM- Franck Schoeffs LCPC- X. Derobert

22 PROJECT RESULTS DIFFERENT KIND OF PUBLICATIONS Web version CONCRETE & STEEL Guidelines Manual Newsletter s Flyers Posters

23 DURATINET WEBSITE IN ENGLISH, PORTUGUESE, FRENCH, SPANISH

24 Methods duratinet DB- DURATI OVERVIEW REPORT Structures Bridges Country: Owner Manager: Portugal x Bridge A Bridge B Construction date: (...) y (...) Bridge C (...) General view Type: Spans: (...) FILTER QUERY GENERAL ENVIRONMENT MATERIAL HISTORICAL Sketch 1 Ref. Point (x, y, z): Material Atmosphere Rural Urban Industrial Corrosivity C1 C2 C3 OVERVIEW Structures Bridges INSPECTION 2006/04/01 Special inspection:beam East (VE); Beam West (VO); Abutment South (ES); Abutment North (EN); Piers P1 to P6; General observations Images Concrete Steel (...) Steel Designation x Class y (...) (...) Marine Marine plus industrial C4 C5 Ponte Ereira Cover Thickness Elements VE VO ES EN P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 X X X X X Chemical Physical Protection Images C Si Mn P S Cr Mo (...) Metereological Atm. pollution Water Soil Icorr Compressive Strength X X X X X X X X (...) Date 2006/04/01 ph 8,01 Carbonation Depth X X X X X X X CaCO 3 (mg/dm 3 ) 0 Chloride content X X NH 4+ (mg/dm 3 ) 0,7 Mg 2+ (mg/dm 3 ) 10,4 SO 2-4 (mg/dm 3 ) 18,9 Microscopy Mineralogy Visual inspection X X X X X X X X X X X X X Microstructure ME left riverside Maintenance Repair Monitoring FILTER QUERY GENERAL ENVIRONMENT MATERIAL HISTORICAL

25 Manual web version

26 Sustainability Deterioration process Sustainability Sust a i n a b i l i t y Sustainability duratinet Manual web version CONCRETE STRUCTURES DETERIORATION PROCESS STEEL STRUCTURES PROTECTION SYSTEMS REINFORCEMENT CORROSION SURFACE PREPARATION Description Applicability Removal of corrosion products and harmful material to the adhesion of coatings. Generic Substrate preparation for new and maintenance of metallic structures. Types of surface Uncoated, metal-coated, Painted with pre-fabrication primer and Other painted surfaces. Steel embedded in concrete is protected against corrosion. Due to the high alkalinity of concrete, a spontaneous thin protective oxide film forms on the surface of the steel the passive film. The protective action of this film can be, however, destroyed by carbonation of concrete or by the presence of chloride ions. Description The service life of reinforced concrete structures can be dived in two distinct phases. The first CONCRETE phase is the STRUCTURES initiation of corrosion, in which the reinforcement is passive, but carbonation or chloride penetration in the concrete cover, take place. The second phase is the propagation of corrosion that begins when the steel is despassivated and finishes when the consequences of corrosion cannot be further tolerated. TESTING TECHNIQUES Chlorides. Marine environment and particularly the direct contact with sea water DETERMINATION OF THE CRACKING INDEX are the most aggressive environments. The use of de-icing salts is also a common cause of reinforcement corrosion. Measurement, with the help of a cracks rule and comprehensively, all the cracks that intersect four axis Principle marked in a square of 1 m 2 of the surface zone of the structure Corrosion in study. rate is, however, low when oxygen supply is limited like in concrete Environment immersed in seawater or in zones where the concrete is water saturated. Objectives Determination of the cracks overture Critical factors Carbonation. in-situ. Carbonation increases in atmospheres with high levels of CO2 as Objectives and Degradation mechanisms in industrial environments Defect(s) or in car parking. However, carbonation does not Applicability occur when concrete is water saturated or too dry. Also corrosion rate is low in AAR (ASR and ACR) and ISR (DEF) dry environments. Cracks Equipment and Low concrete cover and high W/C are common cause of premature Cracks rule, water-proofing pen and digital Material camera availability reinforcement corrosion Method Key aspects Water, solvent and Mechanical cleaning Flame cleaning Innovative cleaning chemical cleaning MECHANICAL CLEANING Hand-tool cleaning Power-tool cleaning Blast cleaning BLAST-CLEANING Type of application abrasive Wet abrasive Particular applications Dry DRY ABRASIVE Centrifugal Compressed-air Vacuum or suction-head CENTRIFUGAL STEEL STRUCTURES The abrasive is fed to and thrown by rotating wheels or impellers to the surface to be prepared, at Principle high velocity. Specific Workpieces with accessible surfaces with different rust grades applicability Effectiveness Preparation grade Sa3 on steel of all rust grades. Requires careful set up for each application and the complete removal of contaminants requires Limits GRINDING additional treatment(s). The level of cleanliness of the prepared surface should be assessed and all procedures inspected Control (for further details see manual text). REPAIR METHODS SPALLING Damage classification Description Concrete Destructive Contamination Deformation Deterioration DT SD NDT feature Defects classification/ Advantages Symptoms / Very easy to implement. Displacement Discontinuity Loss of material Disadvantages Limits No cracks with width < 0,05 mm and urban vandalism. Key aspects CONCRETE STRUCTURES Visual survey NDT DT Maturity > 10 years < 5 years Under development Visual examination often Qualification & Inspector shows Inspector+Specialist concrete DEFECTS Specialised lab interpretation delamination, iron oxides Direct observation of Testing techniques on concrete surface and Half-cell potential reinforcement Social Service disruption Yes No even steel corrosion. For Corrosion rate ph indicators for carbonation Ecology Yes No high concrete cover and in Electric resistivity Detection concrete chloride situation of low oxygen content determination Preliminary works Yes No content, often no external signs are visible. Economical Time consumption low (less 1 hour) medium (<a day) high(< one day) Prevention Cost Low Medium High Repair/Protection Application Access to the Patch Repair, Chloride extraction, Realkalization, Cathodic protection, Surface treatment, Inibitors methods 1 face 2 faces In situ element Contamination Deformation Deterioration Discontinuity Displacement Loss of material Corrosion of Steel in Concrete. Prevention, Diagnosis, Repair. Eds. L. Bertolini, B. Elsener, P. References Pedeferri, R. Polder Half Cell Potential Measurements, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Is defined as a loss of concrete cover resulting from detachment of a fragment of concrete from the larger mass by impact, by action of weather, by overstress or by expansion within the larger mass. The major cause of spalling is expansion resulting from corrosion of reinforcement. Spalling caused by impact can weaken the structure locally and also expose the reinforcement to corrosion. Chemical & Biological Physical Example of chloride penetration application carbonation microbiological corrosion Specific equipment Abrasives and fixed or mobile units of rotating wheels or impellers Service disruption Yes No Depends on the surface Social to be prepared Grinding is the common designation given to a machining process of mechanical abrasion which uses an abrasive Description element as means Precautions of material should removal. be taken with industrial wastes, dust, noise, Health Yes No Environmental odours, organic solvents, etc. Defect(s) Small cracks; nicks and gouges; corroded surface. and health Applicability Abrasives, rust, old coatings and other types of waste should be impacts Ecology Yes Generic No Fatigue improvement technique in welded structures. collected and treated. Advantages Preliminary works Yes No Eventual changes in mechanical properties and microstructural characteristics. Disadvantages Specialized Key aspects labour Yes No Limits such as thickness and length are related to type of damage being repaired and Limits Economical Time consumption Low improvement Medium required.* High Posterior works Yes Control No Visual inspection, thickness verification, and eventual NDT STEEL depending STRUCTURES on the objective.* Cost Low Burr grinding Medium High Disc grinding Techniques Standards EN ISO BURR GRINDING PROTECTION SYSTEMS Specific equipment High speed rotary air tool, air supply, and tungsten carbide rotary air tools. Protective clothing and equipment. Social Service disruption Yes No Environmental and health Economical Standards METALLIC Health Yes No COATINGS In certain cases, special care should be taken to avoid contamination, Ecology Yes No e.g. removal of protection system. Preliminary works Yes No Specialized labour Yes No This type of coating is composed by non-ferrous metals, such as zinc and aluminium. Metal coated surfaces may Time consumption Description Low Medium High receive an organic coating, resulting in a combination of systems known as duplex systems. No Restoration of protective system depending on the material. Posterior works Yes Hot dip galvanization Thermal spraying Electroplating Sherardizing Low Medium High Cost HOT DIP GALVANIZATION Application method No available European standards. Literature referred in the manual text. Hot dipping of prepared steel or cast iron into a molten zinc bath, forming a coating of zinc and/or Principle zinc iron alloy. Applicability Generic Protection against corrosion of structural elements and components. Chemical & Biological Physical Reinforcement corrosion Impact Overloading Fire Vibration Other Movement Explosion Water accumulation France, Proceedings 9th International Conference 1. northern of the on Alkali-Aggregate Reaction in Concrete Low quality Concrete, London, Low pp. cover (...) Key aspects Advantages Disadvantages Limits Control Easy control and straightforward application; premature failure rarely occurs; good abrasion resistance; and thick coating on edges. Unattractive appearance; the size of fabrication in hot dip galvanization is limited; a low quality repair by welding, if required. Some types of cast-iron are not suitable and the adequate coating thickness is provided by the manual text.* The zinc coating should be continuous with reasonable surface smoothness.* CONCRETE Reinforcement References Wrong position 2. CSA International, Insufficient resistance 2000, Guide to the Evaluation (...) and Management of Concrete Structures Affected by Alkali Aggregate Reaction. General Instruction No.1, A864-00, pp NDT Electrical resistivity 3. LPC 47 (1997): Détermination de l indice de fissuration d un parement de béton. LCPC, Paris: pp 16. Testing techniques Carbonation depth by colorimetry; Carbonation profile; Chloride penetration depth by DT colorimetry; Chloride profile Strengthening with concrete recasting; Cathodic Protection Repair methods Chloride Extraction Re-alkalization Corrosion Inhibitors Specific equipment Molten zinc container, lifting equipment. Protective clothing and equipment. Social Service disruption Yes No Environmental Health Yes No Splashes of molten metal may eject from the bath at great speed. and health Ecology Yes No Environment (soil) contamination impacts Preliminary works Yes No Surface preparation. Specialized labour Yes No Economical Time consumption Low Medium High Posterior works No Yes Paint system.* STEEL References - ARTC Australian Rail Track Corporation; RC 4300, Issue A: Engineering Practices Manual Civil Engineering - BRIDGE REPAIR MANUAL; Revision, march Cost Low Medium High EN ISO 10684:2004. Standards :2009. EN ISO