PRE-DEMOLITION AUDITS IN EU COUNTRIES

Transcription

1 recent developments in PRE-DEMOLITION AUDITS IN EU COUNTRIES Petr Hradil, Margareta Wahlström, Malin zu-castell Rudenhausen 11/12/18 VTT 1

2 Pre-demolition audit is activity organized by the owner of the building or infrastructure resulting in the inventory of materials and components arising from the future demolition, deconstruction or refurbishment projects, and their management and recovery options. This audit is sometimes called: pre-demolition/renovation audit, pre-development or pre-redevelopment audit, waste audit, waste management audit, environmental assessment of construction and demolition activities. 11/12/18 VTT 2

3 11/12/18 VTT 3

4 European activities Surveys and market studies Resource Efficient Use of Mixed Wastes European Demolition Industry report 2016 Circular Economy Package EU CDW Management Protocol (2016) Guidelines for the Waste Audits (2018) Other on-going European activities Development of education materials (PARADE-EIT) Specialized guidance for steel buildings (PROGRESS) 11/12/18 VTT 4

5 Resource Efficient Use of Mixed Wastes Pre-demolition audit Required in whole country Voluntary or required only in some regions Not occurring 11/12/18 VTT 5

6 European Demolition Industry Report 2016 Waste management audit 60% 67% 50% 75% 43% 57% 67% 51% 83% 67% % of respondents thinking that the audit is mandatory by law % of respondents thinking that the audit is really happening 72% 67% 45% 42% 0% 0% 11/12/18 VTT 6

7 European Demolition Industry Report 2016 Sweden 25% Owner 25% Engineer 25% Contractor 25% Subcontractors Netherlands 43% Contractor 29% Subcontractors 14% Owner Waste management audit of respondents thinking that the audit is done by the owner directly, independent auditor, Germany engineering company, 46% Auditor main contractor 36% Contractor subcontractors 18% Engineer % Belgium 50% Owner 50% Auditor France 50% Auditor 17% Owner 17% Contractor Spain 34% Auditor 33% Engineer 11/12/18 VTT Finland 60% Contractor 20% Auditor 20% Engineer Italy 35% Owner 24% Contractor 18% Auditor 7

8 European Demolition Industry Report 2016 Waste management audit accuracy Amounts of waste listed Location of the waste identified Materials identified 11/12/18 VTT 8

9 EU Circular Economy Package 11/12/18 VTT 9

10 EU Guidelines for the waste audits Recommended process Responsibility of the waste holder Responsibility of the auditor Responsibility of the waste producer Quality assurance Desk study Field survey Inventory Management recommendations Management of elements Management of recyclable waste Elements Not contaminated Reusable Contaminated Not reusable Not reused Reuse Materials Non-hazardous Recyclable Recycling Hazardous Not recyclable Not recycled Reporting Backfilling Management of other waste 7 Energy recovery Landfill 11/12/18 VTT 10

11 11/12/18 VTT 11

12 Nordic countries Existing guidelines Resource and waste guidelines during construction and demolition (Sweden) Resource mapping in buildings (Denmark) Inspections of hazardous materials (Finland) On-going Nordic activities Improving quality of CDW: Requirements for building material inventory Finland Amounts of hazardous and nonhazardous wastes are estimated for demolition permit Sweden Only waste types are listed for demolition permit, amounts are estimated later before demolition Denmark Wastes are not reported for demolition permit, but hazardous wastes need to be identified later before demolition 11/12/18 VTT 12

13 Existing guidelines in the Nordic countries 11/12/18 VTT 13

14 PARADE-NORD The project will develop recommendations and best practices for implementation of EU pre-demolition waste audits guideline in Nordic countries. 11/12/18 VTT 14

15 11/12/18 VTT 15

16 Finland Existing practices Independent audit mostly done only on asbestos (buildings older than 1995) Reporting other materials is usually required by the municipality On-going development Finnish pre-demolition audit guide (YM, TEM, INFRA and VTT) Electronic waste reporting system ( New green public procurement rules 11/12/18 VTT 16

17 Finland Certification for experts on asbestos and hazardous substances The certificate training is conducted by Rateko (company approved by Eurofins Expert Services Oy). The certification requires - basic education (3 years education in building or house engineering or 5 years of experience with asbestos and hazardous substance mapping), - work experience (2 years of experience from inspection and/or repairing of old buildings and knowledge of construction materials, asbestos and hazardous substances), - participation in training courses (written exam and a demonstration), - annual reporting of reference work - additional training courses every 3 years 11/12/18 VTT 17

18 Pre-demolition audits in Finland Comparison of municipal requirements Helsinki Espoo Vantaa Turku Tampere Creosote x x x x PCB x x x x x Asbestos x x x x x Impregnated wood x x Oils x x x x Paints, lacquers, adhesives x PVC x CFCs (e.g. refrigerators) x Fluorescent tubes and lamps x Helsinki Espoo Vantaa Turku Tampere Concreteor tiles x x x x Asphalt x x Wood X x x x x Metals x x x x x Glass x x Gypsum boards x Sawdust, chips x Insulations x Cardboard, paper x Energy waste x Mixed waste x x x x 11/12/18 VTT 18

19 Summary and recommendations The purpose of the audit is to tell to the owner what is in there. Jose Blanco, European Demolition Association Most of the Member States have already established at least very basic mechanisms for pre-demolition audits. However, auditing practices in EU are different in each country and the specific rules are typically defined on the municipal level. Inspection of hazardous materials should be obligatory and should not be limited only on asbestos. Auditors should be experienced professionals. Certification scheme is highly recommended. 11/12/18 VTT 19

20 Acknowledgements The presented study has received funding from the European Commission s Research Fund for Coal and Steel and EIT Raw Materials. 11/12/18 VTT 20