European Technical Approval ETA-12/0480

Transcription

1 BM TRADA Certification Chiltern House Stocking Lane Hughenden Valley High Wycombe United Kingdom Tel:+44 (0) Fax:+44 (0) Authorised And notified according To article 10 of the council Directive of 21 December 1988 on the approximation of the laws regulations and administrative provision of the member States relating to construction products (89/106/EEC)... (Logo of approval body) Member of EOTA European Technical Approval ETA-12/0480 [Original version in English language] Trade name Holder of approval Generic type and use of construction product LP SolidStart LPI -Joists LP Building Products 414 Union Street Nashville, TN, USA Light composite wood based beams for structural purposes Validity: from to Manufacturing plant(s) Abitibi Bowater/Louisiana Pacific Joint Venture 900 Chemin du Lac Hyppolyte Larouche, QC, G0W 1Z0 Canada This Approval contains Abitibi Bowater/Louisiana Pacific Joint Venture 101 rue du Parc Industriel St-Prime, QC, G8J 1H3 Canada 26 pages including 8 Annexes European Organisation for Technical Approvals

2 I LEGAL BASIS AND GENERAL CONDITIONS 1 This European Technical Approval is issued by BM TRADA certification in accordance with: Council Directive 89/106/EEC of 21 December 1988 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of Member States relating to construction products 1, modified by Council Directive 93/68/EEC 2 and Regulation (EC) N 1882/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council 3 ; Construction Product Regulations 1991 and the subsequent Construction Product (Amendment) Regulations Common Procedural Rules for Requesting, Preparing and the Granting of European Technical Approvals set out in the Annex to Commission Decision 94/23/EC 4 ; Procedure for issuing ETA without an ETA Guideline in accordance with point 3.2 of the Common Procedural Rules, pursuant to Article 9(2) of the CPD). 2 BM TRADA Certification is authorised to check whether the provisions of this European Technical Approval are met. Checking may take place in the manufacturing plant(s). Nevertheless, the responsibility for the conformity of the products to the European Technical Approval and for their fitness for the intended use remains with the holder of the European Technical Approval. 3 This European Technical Approval is not to be transferred to manufacturers or agents of manufacturers other than those recorded in a comprehensive list maintained by BM TRADA and copied to EOTA. 4 This European Technical Approval may be withdrawn by BM TRADA Certification, in particular pursuant to information by the Commission according to Article 5(1) of Council Directive 89/106/EEC. 5 Reproduction of this European Technical Approval including transmission by electronic means shall be in full. However, partial reproduction can be made with the written consent of BM TRADA Certification. In this case partial reproduction has to be designated as such. Texts and drawings of advertising brochures shall not contradict or misuse the European Technical Approval. 6 The European Technical Approval is issued by the approval body in its official language. This version corresponds fully to the version circulated in EOTA. Translations into other languages have to be designated as such. 1 Official Journal of the European Communities N L 40, , p Official Journal of the European Communities N L 220, , p. 1 3 Official Journal of the European Union N L 284, , p. 1 4 Official Journal of the European Communities N L 17, , p. 34 ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 2 of 26

3 II SPECIFIC CONDITIONS OF THE EUROPEAN TECHNICAL APPROVAL 1 DEFINITION OF PRODUCT AND INTENDED USE 1.1 Definition of the construction product LPI -Joists are I-shaped wood-based composite joists made from finger jointed timber flanges and 9.5mm or 11.1.mm thick OSB web, in a range of five series (combinations of flange width and grade) and a range of depths. Each product depth listed in the tables covered in this report, represents a discreet product, although some depths may normally be described in inches in the markets in which the product is sold. The flanges are produced from finger-jointed softwood timber. The flanges may be one of five various North American Visual Graded, Machine Stress Rated (MSR) and/or Proprietary grades and are finger-jointed at the I-joist manufacturing facility in accordance with ASTM D5055 and NLGA SPS4 prior to manufacturing the I-joists, using a Melamine Formaldehyde resin of Type I per EN 301. The web may be 9.5mm or 11.1mm respectively OSB corresponding to North American 24/0 or 24/16 respectively span rated grade per APA PS The OSB web is placed in the beams in sections up to 2440mm in length. Webto-web connections consist of profiled structurally glued joints, using a Phenol- Resorcinol Formaldehyde resin of Type I to EN 301. The flanges and webs are profiled and pressed and glued together. The web-toflange connection is made by gluing the web into a groove in the centre of the wide face of the flange, using a Phenol-Resorcinol Formaldehyde resin of Type I to EN 301. Flanges treated with preservative treatments or fire retardants are not covered by this ETA. This ETA covers joist sizes and build-ups given in Table A1.2 of Annex 1 and other intermediate sizes established in accordance with the methods given in Annex Intended use LPI -Joists are intended for use as loadbearing components in timber structures such as floor or roof joists, beams or lintels. With regards to moisture behaviour of the I-joists the use is limited to service classes 1 and 2 conditions as defined in EN (Eurocode 5). Under these conditions, where the moisture content does not exceed 20%, the moisture content of OSB will not exceed 14%, The joists may be taken to have a service life of 50 years 5, provided that there is no mechanical damage or insect attack. 5 An assumed intended working life means that it is expected that, when an assessment following the ETA provisions is made, and when this working life has elapsed, the real working life may be, in normal use conditions, considerably longer without major degradation affecting the essential requirements. ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 3 of 26

4 2 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PRODUCT AND METHODS OF VERIFICATION. ER The characteristics of LPI -Joists in the range covered by this ETA have been derived in accordance with ETAG 011 and are summarised in table 2.1. Table 2.1 Relevant product characteristics appraised in this ETA Characteristic ETAG clause for Corresponding ID* Product of construction paragraph for works characteristic product Verification Assessment 1 Mechanical resistance and stability 2 Safety in case of fire 3 Hygiene, health and environment 4.2 Provisions concerning Mechanical works or parts of resistance and them stiffness Safety in use Not relevant 5 Protection against noise Creep and duration of load Dimensional stability Seismic Actions Limitation of the generation of fire Reaction to fire and smoke within the room. Limitations of spread of smoke Fire resistance beyond the room of origin Air quality Not relevant 4.1 Release of dangerous substances Energy, economy and heat retention Aspects of durability, serviceability and identification 4.2 Provisions 4.6 concerning Thermal works or parts of resistance them 4.7 Durability Serviceability Identification * ID = Interpretative Documents. CPD Articles 3 & 12 set out that ID s give real form to the Essential Requirements referred to in accordance with the preamble to the Appendix. The principle objective of the ID s is to establish the link between the Essential Requirements and the mandates the Commission gives to CEN & EOTA. ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 4 of 26

5 2.1 Mechanical Resistance and Stability (ER1) The following aspects of performance are relevant to this essential requirement for the LPI -Joists Mechanical resistance and stiffness Mechanical properties for a range of sizes of LPI -Joists are given in Annex 4 (Stiffness, Moment and Shear resistances) and Annex 5 (Bearing resistances). Mechanical properties of other intermediate sizes can be established in accordance with the methods given in Annex 7, based on the properties of the web and flange components listed in Annex 2. Details of incorporation of holes in the web are given in Annex 6. These properties should be used for designs in accordance with EN :2004/A1 (Eurocode 5). The load-carrying capacities have been derived by calculation or design assisted by testing Creep and duration of load Creep and Duration of load factors for LPI -Joists are given in Annex Dimensional Stability Nominal dimensions and permissible deviations are given in Annex Seismic Evaluations LPI -Joists are for use in non-dissipative or low dissipative structures. Where national regulations may require it, an additional evaluation shall be carried out. 2.2 Safety in Case of Fire (ER2) The following aspects of performance are relevant to ER Reaction to Fire The joists consist of materials classified to have reaction to fire class D-s2, d0 for timber flange and D-s2,d2 for OSB web according to table 8 of EN using the classes defined in EN Resistance to Fire No performance determined Hygiene, Health & Environment (ER3) LPI -Joists do not contain used wood or pentachlorophenol, and are not preservative-treated Content and/or Release of Dangerous Substances Based on the declaration of the manufacturer, LPI -Joists do not contain harmful or dangerous substances as defined in REACH. Safety datasheets pertaining to controlled substances used in the production of LPI -Joists have been submitted to BM TRADA and are held on file. 6 Performance in relation to resistance to fire shall be determined for the complete structural element including any associated finishes. ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 5 of 26

6 Note: In addition to the specific clauses relating to dangerous substances contained in this European Technical Approval, there may be other requirements applicable to the products falling within its scope (e.g. transposed European legislation and national laws, regulations and administrative provisions). In order to meet the provisions of the Construction Products Directive, these requirements need also to be complied with, when and where they apply. 2.4 Safety in Use (ER 4) Not Relevant 2.5 Protection against Noise (ER 5) Not Relevant 2.6 Energy Economy and Heat Retention (ER 6) No performance determined Aspects of Durability, Serviceability and Identification Durability LPI -Joists can be used in service classes 1 and 2 in accordance to Eurocode 5, and hazard classes 1 and 2 as specified in EN 335. The product may be exposed to weather for a short time during installation. In service classes 1 and 2, where the moisture content of timbers will not exceed 20%, the risks of fungal decay are low. Durability may be reduced by attack from insects such as Longhorn beetle, dry wood termites and Common furniture beetle (Anobium punctatum) in regions where these may be found Serviceability Unacceptable deformation is addressed under Identification The beams shall be identified by the web or flange bearing the mark of the manufacturer of the beam and the CE mark as described in clause 4. 7 Performance in relation to energy economy and heat retention would be determined for the complete structural element including any associated finishes, however the nominal λ value for softwood and OSB is 0.13 W/mK and 0.14 W/mK respectively. ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 6 of 26

7 3 EVALUATION AND ATTESTATION OF CONFORMITY AND CE MARKING System of attestation of conformity The system of attestation of conformity 1 applies to LPI -Joists. (See clause 8.1 in section III of ETAG 011). This system of attestation of conformity provides the following: Tasks for the manufacturer: 1 Factory production control. 2 Testing of samples taken at the factory in accordance with a prescribed test plan. Tasks for the notified body: 1 Initial type testing of the product; 2 Initial inspection of factory and of factory production control; 3 Continuous surveillance, assessment and approval of factory production control. 3.2 Responsibilities Tasks for the manufacturer Factory Production Control The manufacturer shall establish, document and maintain a factory production control system to be endorsed by the notified body, which ensures that the products placed on the market conform to the performance characteristics stated, and that the products are correctly fabricated in accordance with the design. The factory production control system shall consist of written procedures, regular inspections and tests/assessments to control raw materials and other incoming products/services, equipment, the production process and the finished product. The results of inspections, tests or assessments and subsequent actions shall be recorded. The action taken when control values or criteria are not met shall be recorded. Manufacturers having a FPC system that complies with EN ISO 9001 and which address the requirements of an ETA are recognised as satisfying the FPC requirements of the Directive. EC Guidance Paper B provides for a common basis of understanding factory production control, it is however not mandatory Factory Testing/Assessment In this context, testing is taken to mean physical testing and/or visual examination of the product/process. Normally only properties related to the mechanical resistance and stability of the I-joists shall be assessed. For I-joists a visual assessment shall include checks which are detailed in a prescribed test plan, which is part of the factory production control. The basis of the factory production control testing and assessment are: ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 7 of 26

8 Control of incoming raw materials (timber, OSB, adhesive,...) by means of a Certificate of Analysis Proprietary or resawn flange material: off-line testing of tension strength before finger-jointing Finger-jointed flange material: in-line tension proof-loading completed by routine off-line testing of tension strength and finger-joint durability Control of adequate adhesive mixing and continuous monitoring of adequate adhesive application Finished I-joist shear testing every 2 hours or start/change in manufacturing Finished I-joist moment testing on selected LPI -Joist series Visual and dimensional controls of components (machining) and finished I-joists Details of the factory production control such as frequency, test methods, specificities, etc. are laid down in the prescribed test plan which has been submitted to BM TRADA and is only made available to the notified bodies involved in the conformity attestation procedure. All measuring and testing equipment shall be regularly calibrated and inspected according to the documented FPC system. Production records shall be kept for each batch of I-joists for at least 5 years Tasks of the notified body Initial Type Testing Initial type testing and assessment has been undertaken under the responsibility of BM TRADA to verify that the production line in question is able to manufacture products in conformity with this ETA. The initial type testing has covered testing the beams in bending, shear, bearing, and testing beams with web holes. Whenever a change occurs in materials or production process which would significantly change the above characteristics, the tests or assessments shall be repeated for the appropriate characteristics Assessment of the factory production control system initial inspection and continuous surveillance An assessment of each production unit shall be carried out to demonstrate that the factory production control is in conformity with the ETA and any subsidiary information. This assessment shall be based on an initial inspection of the factory. Subsequently continuous surveillance of factory production control, including verification that tests are being carried out to the prescribed test plan, is necessary to ensure continuing conformity with the ETA. It is recommended that surveillance inspections shall be conducted at least twice per year Certification of Conformity When all the criteria of the Conformity Attestation are satisfied the notified certification body shall issue a Certificate of conformity for the product described within this ETA. ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 8 of 26

9 4 CE MARKING AND INFORMATION The CE mark shall be affixed to each joist, on packaging and the accompanying documentation. On the LPI -Joist itself, the CE symbol shall be at least accompanied by the following minimum information: Identification number of the notified certification body (AOC System 1) The name or identifying mark of the producer Last two digits of the year in which the marking was first affixed The number of the EC certificate of conformity (AOC System 1) Number of the ETA, valid as indication to identify the characteristics of the I-joist. In addition, the CE mark shall be affixed on the packaging and on the accompanying commercial documents, following the required information to accompany the symbol "CE" according to the CE Guidance Paper D on CE marking. 5 ASSUMPTIONS UNDER WHICH THE FITNESS OF THE PRODUCTS FOR THE INTENDED USE WAS FAVOURABLY ASSESSED 5.1 Manufacturing LPI -Joists are manufactured in the factory in accordance with the provisions of this European Technical Approval as identified during inspection of the plant by BM TRADA. Changes to the product or production process, which could result in this deposited data/information being incorrect, should be notified to BM TRADA before the changes are introduced. BM TRADA will decide whether or not such changes affect the ETA and consequently the validity of the CE marking on the basis of the ETA and if so whether further assessment or alterations to the ETA, shall be necessary. 5.2 Installation A joist is deemed fit for its intended use provided: It is designed in accordance with Eurocode 5 or an appropriate national code using the design data given in Annex 3, Annex 4 and Annex 5. Design and detailing of structures with LPI -Joists should be carried out by a suitably experienced person in accordance with the manufacturer s instructions and the requirements of this ETA Verifiable calculation, notes and drawings are prepared taking account of the loads to be resisted The minimum end bearing length shall be that indicated in Annex 5, and the minimum intermediate bearing length shall be 89mm Unless a detailed lateral torsional stability analysis is performed, the top flange and the bottom flange when in compression are laterally maintained at a distance not exceeding 8 times the flange width The flanges have not been drilled, notched or otherwise altered on site ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 9 of 26

10 Holes in the web have been designed in accordance with the method of Annex 6, and have been cut without excess and without causing further damage to the joist It has been installed correctly by appropriately qualified personnel using adequate tools, in accordance with the relevant building regulations, the manufacturer s specifications and the drawing prepared for that purpose In addition, temporary bracing should be provided to keep the joist in a straight and plumb position during installation and provide additional safety to workers. 5.3 Responsibility of the manufacturer It is the manufacturer s responsibility to ensure that the relevant information is given to specifiers and end users. This information may take the form of reproduction of the relevant parts of the European Technical Approval. In addition all installation data shall be shown clearly on the packaging and/or on an enclosed instruction sheet. The minimum data required is: Minimum bearing length at the support Information on storage and lifting Identification of batch number of manufacture 6 RECOMMENDATIONS 6.1 Packaging, transport and storage LPI -Joists shall be protected against harmful wetting during transport and storage. The joists will arrive on site with a typical flange moisture content of 16%. The beams must not be lifted or stored in such a way that bending around the weak axis may cause damage to the beams. On site the joists should be stacked on edge and stored out of ground contact. LPI -Joists shall be stored to minimize changes in moisture content, caused by the weather, by storing under cover but permit free passage of air. They should be protected from excessive sun, rain or moisture. Site storage is intended to be temporary, prior to erection. The fabrication and delivery of joists should therefore be arranged to minimize the storage time, both at the fabricator s premises and on site. LP Building Products recommends that the joists should be wrapped in protective plastic covering, to protect the beams from short-term exposure to inclement weather. The manufacturer must ensure that the information of these provisions is given to those concerned. I-Joists damaged during storage or transport must be discarded. Only sound joists should be installed. ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 10 of 26

11 6.2 Maintenance and repair The assessment of fitness for the intended use is based on the assumption that maintenance is not required during the assumed intended working life. Should repair prove necessary, an assessment must be made by a design professional in each case. It is recommended to seek assistance from the manufacturer in such matter. ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 11 of 26

12 ANNEX 1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT(S) Figure A1 Cross-section of the LPI -Joist Joist dimensions: h overall joist depth [mm] b f flange width [mm] h f flange depth [mm] b w web thickess [mm] h w web free depth [mm] b rout rout width at tip h rout rout depth [mm] [mm] Joist section properties: I f moment of inertia of flanges only [mm 4 ] A f net flange section area [mm 2 ] I w moment of inertia of web [mm 4 ] A w web area [mm 2 ] y f distance between, flange centroids [mm] A f flange section area [mm 2 ] Table A1.1 Dimensional Tolerances of Finished Product Member Dimension Tolerance (mm) Overall Joist Length / mm to +50.8mm 1) Overall Joist Depth Flange Width ± 1.9mm ± 3.2mm Web Thickness / mm 1) LPI -Joists are purposely manufactured over the nominal length to allow for multiple saw kerfs if the product is cut to shorter lengths. ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 12 of 26

13 Table A1.2 Product range and dimensional details for standard LPI -Joists series Joist Series Depth Range [mm] Grade Flange material Web material Rout Width b f [mm] Depth h f [mm] Grade Thickness b w [mm] Depth h rout [mm] Width b rout [mm] LPI LPI 20Plus Proprietary VG 1.15 E /0 D 5) Enhanced MSR 1650fb 1.5E / LPI 32Plus MSR 2100fb 1.8E / LPI 42Plus /0 9.5 Proprietary MSR 1.88E / LPI 52Plus Proprietary MSR 2.15E / ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 13 of 26

14 ANNEX 2 PROPERTIES OF THE FLANGE AND WEB MATERIALS Table A2.1 Flange grades and properties Flange material Grade 1) Current Joist Series Mean Modulus of Elasticity Characteristic Bending Strength Characteristic Compression Strength Characteristic Tensile Strength Proprietary VG 1.15E Enhanced MSR 1650fb 1.5E E f [N/mm 2 ] f m,0,k [N/mm 2 ] f c,0,k [N/mm 2 ] f t,0,k [N/mm 2 ] LPI LPI 20Plus MSR 2100fb 1.8E LPI 32Plus Proprietary ) MSR 1.88E Proprietary MSR 2.15E LPI 42Plus LPI 52Plus ) Visual or Machine Stress rated Grades per NLGA SPS 4. Table A2.2 Web grades and properties Web material Grade 1) Joist Series Joist Depth Range Thickness Mean Modulus of Elasticity Mean Shear Modulus Characteristic panel Shear Strength h [mm] b w [mm] E w [N/mm 2 ] G w [N/mm 2 ] f v,0,k [N/mm 2 ] 24/0 D LPI /0 24/16 LPI 20Plus LPI 32Plus LPI 42Plus LPI 42Plus LPI 52Plus ) Grades per APA Performance Standard PS-2-04 ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 14 of 26

15 ANNEX 3 MATERIAL, CREEP AND DURATION OF LOAD FACTORS FOR DESIGN OF LPI -JOISTS TO EN The partial material factors γ M for Timber and OSB are nationally determined parameters and can be found in the relevant National Annex to EN In member states where specific values of the partial factors γ M for Timber and OSB have been set in the National Annex to EN , and unless specific values of γ M are defined for light composite wood based beams, it is proposed to use the following for LPI -joists:,,., Using the default values proposed in EN , Table 2.3, this yields: γ M,LPI = I-joists are often connected to supporting members via 3-dimensional steel connectors. In member states where specific values of the partial factors γ M for connections have been set in the National Annex to EN , these values shall be used, else the default value γ M,connection = 1.3 proposed in EN , Table 2.3 may be used. For accidental situations γ M,accidental = 1.0 shall be used. Table A3.1 Creep factors for LPI -Joists - k def Bending Deformation Shear Deformation Service Class 1 Service Class 2 Service Class 1 Service Class Table A3.2 Duration of load factors for LPI -Joists - k mod DOL Bending & Axial resistances Bearing with WS 1) Shear resistance Bearing w/o WS 1) for h > 410mm Bearing w/o WS 1) for h 410mm SC. 1 SC. 2 SC. 1 SC. 2 SC 1 SC 2 Permanent Long Term Medium Term Short Term Instantaneous ) with WS = with Web Stiffeners, w/o WS = without web stiffeners ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 15 of 26

16 ANNEX 4 STIFFNESS AND CHARACTERISTIC MOMENT AND SHEAR RESISTANCES OF LPI -JOISTS Table A4 Joist series LPI 18 LPI 20Plus LPI 32Plus Mechanical properties for a range of standard sizes of LPI -Joists are given in Table A4 below, except Characteristic Bearing Resistances which are given in Annex 5. Mechanical properties of other intermediate sizes can be established in accordance with the methods given in Annex 7. These properties should be used for designs in accordance with EN :2004/A1 (Eurocode 5). Stiffness, Characteristic Resistances and self-weight of LPI - Joists Depth Self- Flexural Shear Moment Shear weight Rigidity Rigidity Resistance Resistance 1) 2) EI joist GA joist h [mm] [kg/m] [x10 9 Nmm 2 ] [x10 6 N] [knm] [kn] (table continued overleaf) (see next page for footnotes) M k V k ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 16 of 26

17 Table A4 1) Joist series LPI 42Plus LPI 52Plus LPI 42Plus LPI 52Plus Stiffness, Characteristic Resistances and self-weight of LPI - Joists (continued) Depth h [mm] Selfweight Flexural Rigidity EI joist Shear Rigidity GA joist Moment Resistance 1) M k [knm] Shear Resistance 2) V k [kn] [kg/m] [x10 9 Nmm 2 ] [x10 6 N] h < h Characteristic moment resistances assume compression flanges are laterally maintained at a distance not exceeding 8 times the flange width 2) 3) Characteristic shear resistances account for the 38mm perforated knock-out holes manufactured in the web at 300mm centres System effect factor k sys from EN , 6.7(2) can be applied to characteristic resistances of LPI -Joists ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 17 of 26

18 ANNEX 5 CHARACTERISTIC BEARING RESISTANCES OF LPI -JOISTS Table A5 Joist series LPI 20Plus & LPI 32Plus Characteristic Bearing resistances Depth WS END Bearing Resistances h nails [kn] [mm] INTERNAL Bearing Resistances [kn] no WS WS 2) no WS WS 2) no WS WS 2) no WS WS 2) h mm 102mm 89mm 140mm LPI LPI 42Plus LPI 52Plus < h mm 1) 102mm 89mm 140mm LPI 42Plus LPI 52Plus LPI -Joists with depth h > 410mm must have a minimum End bearing length of 64mm Values with Web Stiffeners are valid with the indicated number of nails, 2.8mm diameter or larger 1) 2) Bearing lengths shorter than the minimum listed bearing length are not allowed. ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 18 of 26

19 Values for bearing lengths longer than the maximum bearing length listed shall be taken as the characteristic bearing resistances for the longest bearing length listed. Values for bearing length comprised between the minimum and maximum indicated bearing lengths can be determined by linear interpolation based on actual bearing length between the characteristic bearing resistances for the minimum and maximum bearing length listed. Values with web stiffeners are for the indicated number and size of nails. Characteristic bearing resistances of other intermediate sizes can be established in accordance with the methods given in Annex 7. ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 19 of 26

20 ANNEX 6 DESIGN OF HOLES IN THE WEB OF LPI -JOISTS The shear resistance of a joist with holes is determined as:,, [kn] where: for Circular holes: for Rectangular holes:, min ;, 10 The values for the constants of the above equations are given hereafter: Table A6 Constants for equations determining K red,hole Joist series Depth range C 1 C 2 C 3 C 4 Circular Holes LPI 18 h LPI 20Plus, 32Plus, h Plus, 52Plus 410 < h Rectangular Holes LPI 18 h < h LPI 20Plus, 32Plus, 42Plus, 52Plus h < h < h The following should be considered when cutting service holes: Service holes must be cut carefully (no overcutting) and must not be cut in the LPI -Joist flange. The maximum depth of a service hole that can be cut in the web is equal to the web free depth while allowing for a minimum of 6mm clearance to the flange. Holes should preferably be cut on the centreline of the web where possible. Round holes of 38mm diameter or less are allowed anywhere in the web, however maintaining 300mm spacing centre to centre. Perforated knock-out holes can be neglected when placing service holes. Where more than one hole is to be cut, the minimum spacing between holes edges should be 2 times the width of the largest hole or 300mm from centre to centre, whichever is the largest. Multiple holes may be spaced closer provided they fit within the boundary of an acceptable larger hole. Rectangular hole width (length) is limited to 457mm. If in doubt contact the manufacturer. ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 20 of 26

21 ANNEX 7 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALTERNATIVE BUILD-UPS OR SIZES OF LPI -JOISTS The methodology described in the present Annex can be used for determining mechanical properties of LPI -Joists made from components listed in Table A2.1 and Table A2.2 but with dimensions that are not included in the standard product range described in Table A1.2 which however remain within the minimum and maximum dimensions covered by Table A1.2, Table A2.1 and Table A2.2. Where specific provisions apply, these are specified in the relevant section for each design property. Extrapolation outside the boundaries (minimum/maximum dimensions) and outside the listed component grades is not permitted. The following dimensions are used in this Annex (see Figure A1): b f b w b rout h h f h w h rout is the Flange width is the Web thickness is the small width of the (trapezoidal) rout is the I-joist total depth is the Flange depth is the free Web depth calculated as: h w = h - 2h f is the depth of the rout The following sections properties are used in this Annex and detailed in Annex 8: y f is the distance between flange centroids A f is the net area of one flange removing the area of the rout [mm 2 ] I f is the moment of inertia of the flanges only [mm 4 ] I w is the moment of inertia of the web shape [mm 4 ] ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 21 of 26

22 A7.1. Calculation of Flexural Rigidity (EI joist ) [Nmm 2 ] where: with: E f is the Flange MOE [N/mm 2 ] E w is the Web MOE [N/mm 2 ] A7.2. Calculation of Shear Rigidity (GA joist ) [N] where: G w is the Web Shear Modulus [N/mm 2 ] and: 2 [mm 2 ] A7.3. Characteristic Bending resistance (Moment capacity - M k ) min k,,,,, / 10,,,, 6 [knm] where: M k is the characteristic Bending Moment of the I-joist [knm] f m,0,k is the flange characteristic bending strength [N/mm 2 ] f c,0,k is the flange characteristic compression parallel to grain strength [N/mm 2 ] f t,0,k is the flange characteristic tension parallel to grain strength [N/mm 2 ] k h is the width effect factor for bending of timber flanges per EN = min. ; 1.3 for visual graded flanges ; 1.0 for MSR flanges k c is the stability factor for axial compression of timber flanges per EN k m,t taken as 1.0, as I-joist lateral stability is considered as a whole in application design. is a depth effect factor for I-joist moment capacity based on tension = min. ; 1.0 ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 22 of 26

23 A7.4. Characteristic Shear resistance (V k ) min where: V k,,, ,,,, is the characteristic shear capacity of the I-joist [kn] f v,0,k is the web characteristic panel shear strength [N/mm 2 ] [kn] f v,rout,k = 3.45 N/mm 2 is the characteristic rout shear resistance [N/mm 2 ] EI joist is the LPI -Joist flexural rigidity [Nmm 2 ] E f is the flange mean modulus of elasticity [N/mm 2 ] h w,eff is the shear efficient web depth: h w,eff = h w + h f = h - h f [mm] a C 0 is an exponent depending on the web thickness (see table below) is a constant depending on the LPI -Joist series (see table below) Table A7.1 Values of exponent a and constant C 0 Joist Series a 1) C 0 1) LPI LPI 20Plus, 32Plus and 42Plus with h 406mm 5.28 LPI 42Plus with h > 406mm LPI 52Plus 8.39 Exponent a = 0 for 9.5mm thick web and 1.1 for 11.1mm thick web A7.5. Characteristic Bearing resistance (R k ) min ; [kn] where: R k is the characteristic bearing resistance of the I-joist [kn] b is an exponent for joist depth less than 225 mm: b b b = 0 when h 225mm = 0.35 at End Bearing when h < 225mm = 0.70 at Intermediate Bearing when h < 225mm and the values of the constants C 5, C 6 and C 7 are listed in Table A7.2 and Table A7.3 below. ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 23 of 26

24 Table A7.2 Constants C 5, C 6 and C 7 for Bearing resistance without web stiffeners Joist series C 5 C 6 C 7 C 5 C 6 C 7 C 5 C 6 C 7 C 5 C 6 C 7 END Bearing w/o WS INTERNAL Bearing w/o WS h mm 102mm 89mm 140mm LPI LPI 20Plus LPI 32Plus LPI 42Plus LPI 52Plus < h mm 1) 102mm 89mm 140mm LPI 42Plus LPI 52Plus ) LPI -Joists with depth h > 410mm must have a minimum End bearing length of 64mm Table A7.3 Constants C 5, C 6 and C 7 for Bearing resistance with web stiffeners Joist series C 5 C 6 C 7 C 5 C 6 C 7 C 5 C 6 C 7 C 5 C 6 C 7 END Bearing with WS INTERNAL Bearing with WS h mm 102mm 89mm 140mm LPI LPI 20Plus LPI 32Plus LPI 42Plus LPI 52Plus < h mm 1) 102mm 89mm 140mm LPI 42Plus LPI 52Plus ) LPI -Joists with depth h > 410mm must have a minimum End bearing length of 64mm ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 24 of 26

25 ANNEX 8 SECTION PROPERTIES In this annex the various section properties used for deriving the design properties of LPI -Joists are described to facilitate calculations per Annex 7. Figure A8 Cross-section of the LPI -Joist flange The following dimensions are used in this Annex (see Figure A1 and A8): b f b w b rout h h f is the Flange width is the Web thickness is the small width of the (trapezoidal) rout is the I-joist total depth is the Flange depth A8.1. h w h rout y f is the free Web depth calculated as: h w = h - 2h f is the depth of the rout is the distance between flange centroids with the flange removed Flange and web net area The net area of one flange A f is calculated as: 2 where : and: A8.2. A8.3. The web net area is calculated as: 2 First Moment of area of one flange about the neutral axis The first Moment of Area of one flange Q f about the neutral axis is calculated as: / 2 Moment of inertia of the flanges and the web The Moment of Inertia of the Flanges I f and of the Web I w have been calculated as: ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 25 of 26

26 2 and: 2 where: ,,, A8.4. Distance between centroids of the flanges The distance y f between the centroids of the flanges, with the rout removed is calculated as follows: Distance y G1 from the bottom of the flange to the centroid G 1 of both trapezoidal sections A 1 of the flange: Distance y G2 from the bottom of the flange to the centroid G 2 of the rectangular section A 2 of the flange: 2 Distance d G from the centroid G 2 of the rectangular section A 2 to the centroid G of the flange section with rout removed: 2 2 Distance y G from the bottom of the flange to the centroid G of the flange section with rout removed: Distance y f between the centroids of the two flange sections with the rout removed: 2 ETA No. 12/0480 LPI -Joists Page 26 of 26