Modelling structures using BIM

Transcription

1 VŠB Technical University of Ostrava Faculty of Civil Engineering Department of Building Structures SUPPORTING MATERIAL

2 Subject aims expressed by acquired skills and competences After completing this subject, students will be able to understand and apply the following skills and topic areas: familiarization with BIM principles (Building Information Modelling) creation of 3Dsteel structure model in software Tekla Structures creation of drawing documentation from the created 3D model interconnection of static calculations with 3D structure model operational management of design and construction of steel structures with BIM tools Summary 1. The basic principles of Informational Building Modelling 2. User interface of Tekla Structures programme 3. Steel hall creation of basic grid, basic operations with elements 4. Steel hall modelling of frames (including joints) 5. Steel hall modelling of purlins (including joints) 6. Steel hall modelling of stiffeners (including joints) 7. Steel hall - designing drawings, statement of materials 8. Steel hall workshop drawings 9. Interconnection of static calculations with 3D structure model 10. Modelling of typical steel structures joints (part 1), individual project work assignment 11. Modelling of typical steel structures joints (part 2) 12. Operational management of design and construction of steel structures with BIM tools Recommended literature: 1. EASTMAN, Charles M. BIM handbook: a guide to building information modelling for owners, managers, designers, engineers and contractors. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, ISBN ASHCRAFT, HOWARD W. Building information modelling. A Framework for Collaboration. San Francisco: American Bar Association, 2007.

3 MODELLING STRUCTURES USING BIM Basic information Objective of the course is to get familiar students with the principles of BIM (information modelling of buildings), get familiar them with Tekla Structures user interface, creation of 3D model of selected steel construction in Tekla Structures software environment, creation of drawing documentation from created 3D model, connection of static calculations with 3D model of construction and get familiar with basic principles of operative management of projection and construction of steel structures with BIM tools. Software: Tekla Structures - student version available on Recommended literature: EASTMAN, Charles M. BIM handbook: a guide to building information modelling for owners, managers, designers, engineers and contractors. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, ISBN ASHCRAFT, HOWARD W. Building information modelling. A Framework for Collaboration. San Francisco: American Bar Association, Student support is designed as follows: In the introductory part of the study, the basic information of the design process using BIM technology, the models used in BIM technology and the current state of using of the BIM process in the world and in the Czech Republic are briefly presented. This information will make it easier for students to understand design of structures with BIM. The second part contains a structured assignment that will make it easier for students to understand design and structural design of construction. Students will create the design in Tekla Structures. The assignment includes a drawing part and a section with designed joints, where students can see the resulting joint obtained from Tekla Structures.

4 1. Introduction 1.1 What is BIM? BIM = Building Information Modelling, Building Information Management Selected BIM definitions: Building Information Modelling (BIM) is the process of building and managing building data throughout its lifecycle. [2] The digital model represents a physical and functional model with its characteristics. It serves as an open database of object information for its implementation and operation during its use. [3] BIM is an organized approach to collecting and using information across the project. At the heart of this effort lies a digital model containing graphic and descriptive information on the design, construction and maintenance of objects. [4] BIM or Building Information Model (or Building Information Modelling) is an open database of object information. This database includes building information from the design itself to its operation, demolition. At any stage of the life of the building, it should provide the necessary information about building design, building solutions, building management, finance, and so on. The database greatly facilitates the exchange of information between the various branches of the design, montage and use of the building. The result of the BIM process solution is the digital 3D model of construction containing the above-mentioned databases. One of the key benefits of the BIM process is the efficiency of processing, the elimination of errors, the clarity of the project itself, the coordination of teamwork, the possibility of increasing competitiveness and reducing the overall costs of the project. Figure 1 illustrates the interconnection of individual fields in designing and using the structure without and using BIM technology. Fig. 1.1: Effectiveness of designing and building use without and using BIM technology [5] 1.2 What is not BIM? It is important to note that BIM is not just a 3D model, but a gradual replenishment of the database with the necessary information during the use of the building (e.g. reconstruction

5 information, etc.). The following selected points clearly characterize what the BIM term is not [6]: BIM is not superstructure over AutoCAD or Microstation. It is a completely different philosophy of working on a project. BIM is not something to install on the weekend and will begin to use on Monday. BIM does not design the building itself. It is a tool that must be handled by an expert. BIM does not make the architects and engineers dazzle. BIM tools do not install or service on their own. The quality of BIM is the most important. It means good structure, quality of information and model should be verifiable. The BIM process consists of several phases (Figure 2): Programming includes a definition of building requirements and their required properties. Conceptual design - represents the process of incorporating the building design into the current building. Detailed design represents the creation of a model of construction itself. Analysis once the building model has been created, it is necessary to verify structural features in terms of statics, to treat acoustics, lighting and to introduce the TZB management. Documentation is the stage of documentation creation (drawing documentation, material statements, and technical and accompanying reports). Fabrication manufacturing, workshop, CNC production and more. Construction 4D/5D 4D in design of construction characterizes the introduction of time to the construction process, the creation of time schedules. And the 5D concept in design of construction involves the introduction of finance. Construction logistics an important step in the construction is the organization of the building site (design of storage areas, handling areas). Operation and maintenance includes the addition and updating of database structure information about important information in the construction operation. Demolition is the last phase of the construction life.

6 Fig. 1.2: Individual phases of the BIM process [5] It should also be mentioned that there are a number of models within the BIM project [7]: Preliminary model (Preliminary design) - used for space planning and as a basis for territorial approval of construction. Fig. 1.3: Preliminary design in the BIM process [7] Design model (planning) - is a detailed design of the structure (shape, material, lighting, thermal power utilization, environmental impact, etc.).

7 Fig. 1.4: Design model in the BIM process [7] Structural model (project) - is used to control collisions in the design model. Fig. 1.5: Structural model in the BIM process [7] Production model (fabrication). Fig. 1.6: Production model in the BIM process [7] FM model (management) - allows asset management and resource utilization. Fig. 1.7: FM model in the BIM process [7]

8 1.3 BIM in the world At present, BIM is a modern, world-class design process technology. It is only a question of the time when it will be fully applicable also in the Czech Republic Finland In Finland, BIM has been in use since 2001, when the first projects were created. The COBIM Common BIM Requirements document, which defines common design requirements with BIM, was published in The pilot project is the Skanska Group project, an eight-storey building project in Helsinki (Figure 8) [8]. Fig. 1.8: Project using BIM technology in Helsinki - 3D model (left), architectural study (right) [8] Norway In 2011, a freely downloadable document called BIM Guide: Statsbygg BIM Manual appeared on the Internet, defining the main IFC format requirements. The IFC file format is the main BIM format. The pilot project is a project from the Skanska Group - KBS Shopping Centre in Trondheim. Sweden Fig. 1.9: Project using BIM technology in Trondheim [8] As in Norway, the OpenBIM program, which provides IT tools, was introduced in The first project processed with the BIM process is the project from the Skanska Group - New

9 Karolinska Solna in Solna. This project is also the first project that Skanska Group has addressed using BIM. Fig. 1.10: Project using BIM technology in Solna - architectural study (left), demonstration of pipeline solutions (right) [8] United Kingdom In the UK, it is now mandatory to address all BIM procurement by Great Britain has provided the world with the National BIM Library, which contains parametric building elements, and these are freely available on the Internet [9]. In UK, the first fully 3D project was built using a 3D model directly on the building site - the Barts and the Royal London Hospital in London. Fig. 1.11: Project using BIM technology in London - architectural study (left), demonstration of construction management (right) [8] 1.4 BIM in the Czech Republic A pilot construction company currently using BIM is the Skanska Group. Among the buildings that used BIM technology at any stage of construction, design or building management include the Riverview in Smichov, CB Centrum in Ostrava, Corso Court at Karlín in Prague.

10 Fig. 1.12: Riverview at Smíchov in Prague 3D model (left), real structure (right) [8] Fig 1.13: CB Centrum 3D model [8] 1.5 BIM tools Fig. 1.14: Corso Court at Karlín in Prague 3D model [8] BIM tools means available software that support this technology. Different software are used for different design solutions. For architects and designers - Revit (Autodesk), Naviswork, Microstation 8.5 (Bentley), ArchiCAD (Graphisoft) and others.

11 For statics and constructors - Tekla Structures (Tekla), Scia Engineer, ProStructures and others. For investors - Bim+, Tekla BIMSight, BIMx, BIM Vision and others. Note: Currently, Tekla BIMSight and BIM Vision are available for investors free of charge. At the beginning of the subject, the main principles of BIM technology were introduced. The benefit of this technology is observable in the particular field. In case of a static design solution, it is possible to use the architectural model as a reference model and thus to eliminate errors in the geometry of the structure. When designing a construction, the introduction of this technology reduces the number of additional queries, reduces errors in redrawing documents, simplifies communications during editing. The 3D model can also be used directly to automatically generate drawings and CNC data. In the case of execution itself, assembly can accelerate, improve construction planning and, of course, reduce the error rate. Literature [1] Website Tekla Campus available online: [2] Website Wikipedia available online: [3] Website NIBS National Institute of Building Sciences, USA available online: [4] Website Government Construction Client Group from the BIM Industry Working Group, UK available online: [5] Website BIM Project available online: [6] NOVOTNÁ, H., Basic of BIM Revit Architecture software, 2014, VUT Brno, Faculty of Civil Engineering. ISBN (in Czech). [7] Website CAD Studio available online: [8] Website Skanska Group available online: [9] Public library BIM library available online:

12 2. Modelling in software Tekla Structures Tekla Structures software makes it easy to create drawing documentation. This software allows to create a 3D model, including joints, from which the design, workshop, production, and item drawings are automatically created and allows to automatically generate material reports and time schedule. Tekla Structures enables modelling of steel, timber, aluminium and reinforced concrete structures, drawings, listings, exports, building management, and communicates with other BIM-enabled software s. Software vendor in the Czech Republic is Construsoft, which also offers other software and services: Tekla Structures modelling of 3D constructions with associative elements for automatic drawing generation. Tekla Model Sharing allows for swift and effective project sharing around the world and preserves the history of the changes made to the project. Trimble connect supports data exchange and project information (works with a variety of formats). Tekla Campus student version of this software. Tekla User Assistance costumer support. Tekla Warehouse online library of components and BIM elements. Main features of Tekla Structures: modelling of basic objects - beams, columns, concrete slabs setting the working plane, 3D grid catalogues of bolts, profiles, reinforcements, materials tools for creating whole structures - staircases, lattice beams intelligent joints - joints (front panels, angles, etc.) communication with AutoCAD, Scia Engineer tools for drawings - one click to generate several drawings control of collision.

13 2.1. Installation of student version of Tekla Structures Register with school and sign in.

14 Choose from offer student. 2. Fill in the name of school - Vysoká škola báňská Technická univerzita Ostrava (another name will not be accepted). 3. Agree with license terms. 4. Download of installation and install software.

15 3. Modelling and working with Tekla Structures software 3.1. Design specification In the exercise, create the following design in Tekla Structures (3D BIM software). For modelling use the following documents: 3D PDF created from the final model in Tekla Structures; 3D PDF created form static model in Scia Engineer; Schematic drawings sections, layouts designed and assess details and joints. Part of the model will be the basic drawing (design, production, workshop) documentation including details. All collisions will also be solved in the model. Fig. 3.1: Design specification 3D PDF from final model in Tekla Structures

16 3.1. Basic structural geometry of construction In the software Tekla Structures you create a design in accordance with the following drawings, which include the basic geometry of the structure and the design of the profiles. The design is made of common rolling profiles IPE, HEA, HEB, UNP. The design is made of S235JR grade steel. The construction consists of several platform levels: platform level +3,60 m platform level +4,60 m platform level +8,60 m platform level +12,00 m platform level +15,00 m Individual platform levels are linked by a staircase. Stair horses are designed from rolled profile UNP200.

17 Fig. 3.2: Layout of construction

18 Fig. 3.3: AXIS 1

19 Fig. 3.4: AXIS 2

20 Fig. 3.5: AXIS 3

21 Fig. 3.6: AXIM 3

22 Fig. 3.7: Layout platform level +3,600 m

23 Fig. 3.8: Layout platform level +4,600 m

24 Fig. 3.9: Layout platform level +8,600 m

25 Fig. 3.10: Layout platform level +12,000 m

26 Fig. 3.11: Layout platform level +15,000 m

27 3.1. Designed and assessed connection A) Anchoring HEB300 Fig. 3.12: Columns HEB300 Anchor bolts 2 x M20 anchor bolts FAZ II 20/60 Thickness of anchor plate t p = 20 mm Fig. 3.13: Bolt layout (HEB300)

28 HEA200 Fig. 3.14: Columns HEA200 Anchor bolts 2 x M20 anchor bolts FAZ II 20/60 Thickness of anchor plate t p = 20 mm Fig. 3.15: Bolt layout (HEA200)

29 HEA140 Fig. 3.16: Columns HEA140 Anchor bolts 2 x M20 anchor bolts FAZ II 20/60 Thickness of anchor plate t p = 10 mm Fig. 3.17: Bolt layout HEA140

30 UNP200 Fig. 3.18: Stair horses UNP200 Anchor bolts 2 x M16 anchor bolts FAZ II 16/25 Thickness of anchor plate t p = 105 mm Fig. 3.19: Bolt layout (UNP200)

31 B) Connection of profile IPE120 IPE120 Connection (end plate) of consoles from IPE120 to columns with 4 x M Applies to selected elements shown at figure Fig. 3.20: Consoles from IPE120 with mentioned connection Bolts 4 x M Thickness of end plate Dimensions of end plate Weld t p = 12 mm 160 x 200 mm a w = a f = 4 mm Fig. 3.21: Final end plate of IPE120

32 IPE120 Connection of IPE120 (bolts oriented horizontal) on the marked beams with 2 x M Applies to selected elements shown at figure joint Fig. 3.22: Beams from IPE120 with mentioned connection Bolts 2 x M Thickness of plate Dimensions of plate Weld t p = 10 mm 110 x 70 mm a = 4 mm Fig. 3.23: Final connection of IPE120

33 IPE120 Connection (end plate) of beams from IPE120 with 4 x M Applies to selected elements shown at figure 3.23 (without places marked as joint with red color). joint Fig. 3.24: Beams from IPE120 with mentioned connection Bolts 4 x M Thickness of end plate Dimensions of end plate Weld t p = 15 mm 100 x 110 mm a w = a f = 4 mm Fig. 3.25: Final connection of IPE120

34 C) Connection of profile IPE200 IPE200 Connection of profile IPE200 with 2 x M Applies to selected elements shown at figure Fig. 3.26: Beams from IPE200 with mentioned connection Bolts 2 x M Thickness of plate Dimensions of plate Weld t p = 12 mm 95 x 130 mm a = 4 mm Fig. 3.27: Final connection of IPE200

35 IPE200 Connection of profile IPE200 to columns with 4 x M Applies to selected elements shown at figure Fig. 3.28: Beams from IPE200 with mentioned connection Bolts 4 x M Thickness of end plate Dimensions of end plate Weld t p = 20 mm 190 x 190 mm a w = 4 mm a f = 6 mm Fig. 3.29: Final connection of IPE200

36 IPE200 Connection of profile IPE200 to columns with 4 x M Applies to selected elements shown at figure Fig. 3.30: Beams from IPE200 with mentioned connection Bolts 4 x M Thickness of end plate Dimensions of end plate Weld t p = 20 mm 150 x 180 mm a w = 4 mm a f = 6 mm Fig. 3.31: Final connection of IPE200

37 D) Connection of profile IPE240 IPE240 Connection of profile IPE240-6 x M Applies to all elements. Fig. 3.32: Beams from IPE240 with mentioned connection Bolts 4 x M Thickness of end plate Dimensions of end plate Weld t p = 20 mm 170 x 240 mm a w = 4 mm a f = 6 mm Fig. 3.33: Final connection of IPE240

38 IPE240 Connection of profile IPE240 to columns (end plate with haunch) with 6 x M Applies to selected elements shown at figure Fig. 3.34: Beams from IPE240 with mentioned connection Bolts 6 x M Thickness of end plate Dimensions of end plate Weld t p = 25 mm 180 x 420 mm a w = 5 mm a f = 6 mm Fig. 3.35: Final connection of IPE240 end plate with haunch

39 E) Assembly connections of columns HEB300 HEB300 Connection of column HEB300-6 x M Applies to all elements Fig. 3.36: Assembly connections of columns HEB300 HEB300 Bolts 6 x M Thickness of plate Dimensions of plate Weld t p = 25 mm 170 x 240 mm a w = 6 mm a f = 6 mm Fig. 3.37: Final assembly connection HEB300 HEB300

40 HEA200 HEA200 Connection of column HEA200-4 x M Applies to all elements. Fig. 3.38: Assembly connections of columns HEA200 HEA200 Bolts 4 x M Thickness of plate Dimensions of plate Weld t p = 25 mm 200 x 190 mm a w = 4 mm a f = 5 mm Fig. 3.39: Final assembly connection HEA200 HEA200

41 F) Connection of profile IPE300 IPE300 Connection of profile IPE300 to columns with 6 x M Applies to selected elements shown at figure Fig. 3.40: Beams from IPE300 with mentioned connection Bolts 6 x M Thickness of end plate Dimensions of end plate Weld t p = 25 mm 180 x 300 mm a w = 4 mm a f = 6 mm Fig. 3.41: Final connection of IPE300

42 IPE300 Connection (end plate with haunch) of profile IPE300 to columns with 10 x M Fig. 3.42: Connection of IPE300 to column Bolts 10 x M Thickness of end plate Length of haunch Weld t p = 25 mm l = 500 mm a w = 4 mm a f = 6 mm

43 Fig. 3.43: Final connection of IPE300 (end plate with haunch) connection on the rigid axis Fig. 3.44: Final connection of IPE300 (end plate with haunch) connection on the soft axis

44 G) Connection of profile UNP200 UNP200 Connection of profile UNP200 with 2 x M Applies to selected elements shown at figure Fig. 3.45: Beams from UNP200 with mentioned connection Bolts 2 x M Thickness of plate Dimensions of plate Weld t p = 12 mm 90 x 160 mm a = 4 mm Fig. 3.46: Final connection of UNP200

45 UNP200 Connection of profile UNP200 with 2 x M Applies to everyone else beams from UNP200. Fig. 3.47: Beams from UNP200 with mentioned connection Bolts 2 x M Thickness of end plate Dimensions of end plate Weld t p = 15 mm 70 x 180 mm a = 4 mm Fig. 3.48: Final connection of UNP200

46 H) Connection of profile IPE360 IPE360 Connection (end plate with haunch) of profile IPE360 to columns with 10 x M Fig. 3.49: Connection of IPE360 to column Bolts 10 x M Thickness of end plate Length of haunch Weld t p = 25 mm l = 800 mm a w = 4 mm a f = 6 mm

47 Fig. 3.50: Final connection of IPE Drawing documentation 3.1. Type of drawing documentation: general arrangement drawing assembly drawing single part drawings multi drawings (of assemblies, of single parts) Fig. 3.51: General arrangement 3D drawing

48 Fig. 3.52: Adjustment of own drawing block title 4. Connection to software with BIM technology Tekla Structures allows you to link to the following programs: Scia Engineer AutoCAD SketchUp PDF The Web Viewer ran BIMsight flowed Tekla Structural Designer Trimble Connector Note: For the communications between Tekla Structures and Scia Engineer, you must have the appropriate plug-in installed. Exports and imports are not included among the basic features.