AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PROPERTIES OF THE CONCRETE FOR REPLACEMENT OF SAND BY STONE WASTE FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF CEMENT WITH CHEMICAL ADMIXTURE

Transcription

1 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IJCIET) ISSN (Print) ISSN (Online) Volume 6, Issue 2, February (2015), pp IAEME: Journal Impact Factor (2015): (Calculated by GISI) IJCIET IAEME AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PROPERTIES OF THE CONCRETE FOR REPLACEMENT OF SAND BY STONE WASTE FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF CEMENT WITH CHEMICAL ADMIXTURE Adanagouda 1, Mahesh 2, Dr.H.M.Somasekharaiah 3 1 Asst.Professor, Department of civil engineering, RYMEC Bellary, Karnataka, India, 2 Asst.Professor, Department of civil engineering, RYMEC Bellary, Karnataka, India, 3 Professor, Department of civil engineering, RYMEC Bellary, Karnataka, India, ABSTRACT The demand of natural sand in the construction industry has consequently increased resulting in the reduction of sources and an increase in price. In such a situation stone dust can be an economical alternative to the river sand. The effect of water cement ratio on fresh and hardened properties of concrete with fully natural sand by stone dust was investigated. Concrete mix design of M 40 grade was done according to Indian standard code (IS: 10262).The main objective of the present investigation is two cements are selected Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) & Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC) - 43 grade to evaluate the possibilities of using stone dust as a replacement by fine aggregate along with super plasticizers at a dosage of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% & 2.0% by weight of cement. During the present study 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 100% of traditional fine aggregate was replaced with stone waste. For each mix 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% & 2.0% of super plasticizers by weight of cement was added. Concrete cube, cylinder and beam specimens were tested for evaluation of compressive, split tensile and flexural strength respectively where found after 28 days of curing. Workability was measured in terms of slump and compaction factor. It is found that stone dust improves the mechanical properties of concrete when used along with super plasticizers. Keywords: Compressive Strength, River Sand, Stone Waste, Super Plasticizers, Tensile Strength 61

2 I. INTRODUCTION The advancement of concrete technology can reduce the consumption of natural resources and energy sources and lesser the burden of pollutant on environment. The waste generated during the cutting and polishing process of marble/kotastone/granite is called stone waste. It is commonly used as a building material since it improves strength and other durability factors. Stone waste can be used as a partial cement or fine aggregate and as a supplementary addition to achieve different properties of concrete. The successful utilization of as fine aggregate would turn this waste material that causes disposal problem in to a valuable resource. The utilization will also reduce the strain on supply of natural fine aggregate, which will also reduce the cost of concrete. In past decade variable cost of natural sand used as fine aggregate in concrete increased the cost of construction. In this situation research began for inexpensive and easily available alternative material to natural sand. Some alternative materials have already been used as a part of natural sand eg. Flyash, slag, limestone and siliceous stone powder were used in concrete mixtures as a partial natural sand. However, scarcity in required quality is the major limitation in some of the above materials. Stone waste has to satisfy the technical requisites like workability, strength, durability and cost of the concrete. II. LITERATURE REVIEW [1] Anitha Selva Sofia S.D et al. carried out an investigation on concrete with chemical admixture. They reported that the improves the mechanical properties of concrete when used along with super plasticizers and also usage of it will also reduce the cost of concrete because it is a waste material from quarries. [2] Ankit Nileshchandra Patel and Jayeshkumar Pitroda carried out an investigation on an exploration study on stone waste as foregoing alternatives for green concrete. They reported that the split tensile strength increased up to 30% replacing of stone waste in OPC and 20% replacing of stone waste in PPC. Lower manufacturing cost of concrete using stone waste in PPC compared to OPC. It is the possible alternative solution of safe disposal of stone waste. due to longer setting time making it more workable than OPC. [3] Hangovan et al studies the strength and behavior of concrete by using crushed rock dust as fine aggregate, they investigated the possibility of using crushed rock as 100% replacement for sand, with varying compacting factor. [4] Sivakumar and Prakash M. carried out an investigation on the mechanical properties of concrete with. They reported that the may be used as an effective replacement material for natural river sand which increased the strength. [5] Ilangovana. R et al. carried out an investigation on strength and durability properties of concrete containing quarry rock dust as fine aggregate. It was reported that the physical and chemical properties of quarry rock dust as well as the durability of quarry rock dust concrete under sulphate and acid action was better than that of conventional concrete. As there are very limited studies on sand with, the objective of this study is to conduct an experimental study on properties of the concrete for sand by stone waste for different types of cement with chemical admixture and to evaluate the optimum results. 62

3 III. MATERIALS a) Cement (OPC): Ordinary Portland Cement (43 grade) with 30 percent normal consistency conforming to IS: was used in this study. b) Cement (PPC): Portland Pozzolana Cement (43 grade) with 32 percent normal consistency conforming to IS: 269:1976 and IS: was used in this study. c) Quarry dust: Quarry dust is collected from local stone crushing of Namakkal village, Bellary (Karnataka). It was initially dry in condition when collected. The specific gravity of the quarry dust was found to be d) Fine aggregate (Natural river sand): River sand having a density of 1600 kg/m3 and fineness modulus of 3.11 was used. The specific gravity was found to be 2.60, conforming to Zone II of IS: was used in this study. e) Coarse aggregate: Natural granite aggregate having a density of 2650 kg/m3 and fineness modules of 6.86 was used. The specific gravity was found to be 2.69 and water absorption as 0.56%. Maximum size of aggregate used is 20 mm. f) Water: Potable tap water available in laboratory was used for mixing and curing of concrete. g) Chemical Admixture: The chemical admixture used for the investigation is super plasticizer conplast sp430. Super plasticizer produces concrete with high workability and flow ability. Use of super plasticizer will also result in the reduction in water content without loss of workability. The electro chemical activity of the super plasticizer is responsible for the high workability. Super plasticizer molecules and cement grains are oppositely charged and hence repel each other. This increases the mobility and hence the flow ability of concrete. As per IS 456:2000, the dosage of super plasticizer should not exceed 2% by weight of cement. During the present investigation, dosage of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% by weight of cement was used. IV. DESIGN MIX A mix M40 grade was designed as per Indian standard method (IS: ) and the same was used to prepare the tests samples. The design mix proportion is done in Table-1. Table Design Mix Proportion for (M40 mix) Water (liter) Cement (kg/m 3 ) Fine Aggregate (kg/m 3 ) Coarse Aggregate (kg/m 3 ) By weight (gms) By volume (m 3 ) V. METHODOLOGY During the present study, two types of cements are selected OPC and PPC - 43 grades to evaluate 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 100% of traditional fine aggregate was replaced with. For each of the mixes, four dosages of super plasticizer, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% by weight of cement were added. Cube specimens and cylinder specimens were cast. Compressive Strength Test: Concrete cubes confirming to IS: of size 150x150x150 mm was cast for determination of compressive strength. After 24 hours the moulds were de molded and subjected to water curing. Before testing, the cubes were air dried for 2 hours, crushing loads were noted and average compressive strength of 3 specimens is determined at 28 days shown in Table-2 of various mix proportions. 63

4 Figure 1.0 Testing of Concrete Cubes Figure 2.0 Curing of Concrete Cubes Table 2.0 Compressive Strength of Concrete (OPC-43 grade) N/mm 2 Super Plasticizer Figure 3: Compressive Strength (OPC-43 grade) of Quarry Dust Concrete with Respect to 64

5 Table 3.0 Compressive Strength of Concrete (PPC-43 grade) N/mm 2 Super Plasticizer Figure 4: Compressive Strength (PPC-43 grade) of Quarry Dust Concrete with Respect to Tensile Strength Test: Split tensile strength of concrete is usually found by testing plain concrete cylinders. Cylinder of size 150 mm x 300 mm were used to determine the split tensile strength. After curing, the specimens were tested for 28 days split tensile strength using a calibrated compression testing machine of 2000kN capacity. Table 4.0 Split Tensile Strength of Concrete (OPC-43 grade) N/mm 2 Super Plasticizer

6 Figure 5: Split Tensile Strength (OPC-43 grade) of Quarry Dust Concrete with Respect to Table 5.0 Split Tensile Strength of Concrete (PPC-43 grade) N/mm 2 Super Plasticizer Figure 6: Split Tensile Strength (PPC-43 grade) of Quarry Dust Concrete with Respect to 66

7 VI. CONCLUSION Based on this experimental investigation, it is found that can be used as an alternative material to the natural river sand. The physical and chemical properties of satisfy the requirements of fine aggregate. It is found that improves its mechanical property of concrete if used along with super plasticizer. Based on the results of the experiments and analysis of results, the following conclusions, seem to be valid. 1. From compressive test results is observed that the strength increases with increase in dosage of plasticizers up to 1.0% in both OPC and PPC cement. The increase in strength at 0.5% dosage of super plasticizer is around 5.35%. 2. The increase in dosage of super plasticizer beyond 0.5% decreases the compressive strength drastically by about 31.60% at 2.0% dosage of super plasticizer. 3. The compressive strength varies with the percentage, it is observed that the strength attained at 30% replacement at 0.5% dosage of super plasticizer, the increase in strength is around 5.06% at 0.4 water-cement ratio. 4. The split tensile strength decreases with increase in percentage of and also with increase in dosage of super plasticizer. For 0.4 water-cement ratio, at 30% at 0.5% super plasticizer the decrease in strength is 4.4% for both OPC and PPC cement concrete. 5. The non availability of fine aggregate and mines lobby can be avoided. 6. Waste utilization making it more environmental friendly. 7. Utilization of stone waste and its application are used for the development of the construction industry, material sciences. 8. It is the possible alternative solution for safe disposal of stone waste. VII. REFERENCES 1. Anitha selva Sofia S.D., Gayathri R., SwathiG, and Prince arulraj G. Experimental Investigation on concrete with chemical admixture, International Journal of Latest Research in Science and Technology, ISSN (Online): , Volume 2, Issue 2: Page No March - April (2013) 2. Ankit Nileshchandra Patel and Jayeshkumar Pitroda, an exploration study on stone waste as foregoing alternatives for green concrete, International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Studies /Vol. II/ Issue III/April-June, 2013/ Hangovan.R, Nsgsmsni.K and Kumarasamy.K, Studies on strength and behavior of concrete by using crushed rock dust as fine aggregate, Civil Engineering and Construction Review, October 2006, PP Sivakumar A and Prakash M. Characteristic studies on the mechanical properties of quarry dust addition in conventional concrete. in the Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction Technology Vol. 2(10), pp , ISSN , October Ilangovana. R, Mahendrana.N, and Nagamanib.K. Strength and durability properties of concrete containing quarry rock dust as fine aggregate. in the ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences Vol. 3, No. 5, ISSN , pp IS 456: 2000, Plain and Reinforced Concrete code of practice. 7. IS 10262: 2009, Concrete mix proportioning-guideline 8. Harish.L, The Permeability and Indirect Tensile Strength Characteristics of Porous Asphalt Mixes International Journal of Civil Engineering & Technology (IJCIET), Volume 5, Issue 8, 2014, pp , ISSN Print: , ISSN Online: