Dr.ing. NAGY-GYÖRGY Tamás

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1 Dr.ing. NAGY-GYÖRGY Tamás Professor Tel: Web: Office: A219 Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering.

2 EXAMPLES OF REINFORCEMENT 3.3 PROPERTIES OF REINFORCEMENTS Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering. 2

3 Reinforcements are disposed in zones where load produce tension! Type of reinforcements: 1) FLEXIBLE REINFORCEMENT bars with circular cross section 2) RIGID REINFORCEMENT welded or hot rolled profiles 3) DISPERSED REINFORCEMENT different types of short fibers or textiles 4) REINFORCEMENT FROM FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER COMPOSITES Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering. 3

4 1) FLEXIBLE REINFORCEMENT bars with circular cross section OB 37 (Oțel Beton _ rezistența la rupere) Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering. 4

5 1) FLEXIBLE REINFORCEMENT bars with circular cross section PC 52 (Oțel cu profil periodic (P) laminat la cald (C) _rezistența la rupere Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering. 5

6 1) FLEXIBLE REINFORCEMENT bars with circular cross section BST500 (Betonstabstahl) Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering. 6

7 1) FLEXIBLE REINFORCEMENT bars with circular cross section PC52 OTHER TYPES Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering. 7

8 1) FLEXIBLE REINFORCEMENT bars with circular cross section = 4/5/6/7/8 mm H = 500/600 cm W= cm Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Welded wire fabrics Plase sudate SPPB (Sârmă cu Profil Periodic pentru Beton) Faculty of Civil Engineering. 8

9 1) FLEXIBLE REINFORCEMENT bars with circular cross section Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering. 9

10 1) FLEXIBLE REINFORCEMENT bars with circular cross section Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 10.

11 1) FLEXIBLE REINFORCEMENT bars with circular cross section Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 11.

12 1) FLEXIBLE REINFORCEMENT bars with circular cross section Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 12.

13 1) FLEXIBLE REINFORCEMENT bars with circular cross section Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 13.

14 1) FLEXIBLE REINFORCEMENT bars with circular cross section Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. bamtec.com Faculty of Civil Engineering 14.

15 2) RIGID REINFORCEMENT welded or hot rolled profiles BEAMS Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 15.

16 2) RIGID REINFORCEMENT welded or hot rolled profiles BEAMS Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 16.

17 2) RIGID REINFORCEMENT welded or hot rolled profiles BEAMS Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 17.

18 2) RIGID REINFORCEMENT welded or hot rolled profiles BEAMS Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 18.

19 2) RIGID REINFORCEMENT welded or hot rolled profiles COLUMNS Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 19.

20 2) RIGID REINFORCEMENT welded or hot rolled profiles COLUMNS Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 20.

21 2) RIGID REINFORCEMENT welded or hot rolled profiles COLUMNS Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 21.

22 2) RIGID REINFORCEMENT welded or hot rolled profiles COLUMNS Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 22.

23 3) DISPERSED REINFORCEMENT different types of SHORT fibers Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 23.

24 3) DISPERSED REINFORCEMENT different types of SHORT fibers Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 24.

25 3) DISPERSED REINFORCEMENT different types of SHORT fibers Polypropylene fibers improves: - concrete mix cohesion - workability and pomp ability - freeze-thaw strength - fire resistance - impact strength - shrinkage Steel fibers increase: - structural strength - ductility - impact and abrasion strength - freeze-thaw strength reduces: - quantity of the necessary reinf. - crack width (control the width), thus increasing the durability Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 25.

26 Tensile 3) DISPERSED REINFORCEMENT different types of SHORT fibers Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 26.

27 3) DISPERSED REINFORCEMENT different types of TEXTILES 3D biaxial textile reinforcement Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 27.

28 3) DISPERSED REINFORCEMENT different types of TEXTILES (Alva Peled) Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 28.

29 3) DISPERSED REINFORCEMENT different types of TEXTILES!!! Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 29.

30 4) REINFORCEMENT FROM FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER COMPOSITES Advantages of use of FRP composites in constructions - High ultimate strength (>4000 N/mm 2 ) - Low weight ( dan/m 3 ) - Durability - Low maintenance cost - Versatility of systems - High impact strength Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 30.

31 4) REINFORCEMENT FROM FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER COMPOSITES Domains of use - Reinforced concrete exposed to salts - Maritime structures - Structural elements exposed to corrosive agents - Application with needs of electromagnetic transparency or low thermally and electrically conductivity - Weight sensitive structures Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 31.

32 4) REINFORCEMENT FROM FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER COMPOSITES FIBRE MATRIX - graphite (carbon) - glass - aramid - basalt - hybrid - thermoplastic - thermorigide s FRP COMPOSITE Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 32. e

33 4) REINFORCEMENT FROM FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER COMPOSITES CROSS SECTION Ratio >10: mm HAIR DIAMETER ~ 200 mm Unidirectional - Fibre content: cca. 70% - Matrix volume: cca. 30% Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 33.

34 4) REINFORCEMENT FROM FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER COMPOSITES C-Bar reinforcement Technora rebars and strands NEFMAC grid CFCC strands Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Isorod CRT Faculty of Civil Engineering 34.

35 4) REINFORCEMENT FROM FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER COMPOSITES steel Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 35.

36 MATERIALS Tensile strength [N/mm 2 ] Modulus of elasticity [N/mm 2 ] Density [kg/m 3 ] Strain at failure [%] GLASS FIBER E S ARAMID FIBER Low modulus High modulus CARBON FIBER High strength Ultra high strength High modulus Ultra high modulus Basalt fibers Resin (Matrix) GFRP AFRP CFRP CONCRETE STEEL REINFORCEMENT (0.2) 25 PRESTRESSING REINF NA Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 36.

37 4) REINFORCEMENT FROM FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER COMPOSITES Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 37.

38 3.1 TYPE OF REINFORCEMENTS 3.3 PROPERTIES OF REINFORCEMENTS Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 38.

39 Samples of element reinforcement / Exemple de armări ROLE OF REINFORCEMENTS: A) Primary reinforcements from dimensioning calculations - Longitudinal rebars M+N, T - Transversal stirrups V, T Cracking of a beam Tensile zone Necessary reinforcement theory M V Reinforcement disposal practice Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 39.

40 Samples of element reinforcement / Exemple de armări ROLE OF REINFORCEMENTS: A) Primary reinforcements from dimensioning calculations - Longitudinal rebars M+N, T - Transversal stirrups V, T Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 40.

41 Samples of element reinforcement / Exemple de armări ROLE OF REINFORCEMENTS: B) Secondary reinforcement for assembly and stability at casting - disposed without calculus, from prescriptions Cracking of a beam Tensile zone Necessary reinforcement theory M V Reinforcement disposal practice Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 41.

42 Samples of element reinforcement / Exemple de armări ROLE OF REINFORCEMENTS: B) Secondary reinforcement for assembly and stability at casting - disposed without calculus, from prescriptions Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 42.

43 Samples of element reinforcement / Exemple de armări Slab reinforcements with bent bars 4.52cm cm cm cm 2 Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 43.

44 Samples of element reinforcement / Exemple de armări Slab reinforcements with strait bars 4.52cm cm cm cm 2 Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 44.

45 Samples of element reinforcement / Exemple de armări Slab reinforcements with welded fabrics l l P2 0,25l 0 0,15l 0 P1 0,15l 0 P2 A P3 l l secţ. A l 0 P3 P2 P1 l s a1) armarea în câmp - plasă dintr-o a2) armarea pe reazem - plase de Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 45.

46 Samples of element reinforcement / Exemple de armări Slab reinforcements with welded fabrics a1) armarea în câmp - plasă dintr-o bucată a2) armarea pe reazem - plase de mărimi diferite, suprapuse 0,25l 0 0,25l 0 0,15l 0 P1 P2 0,15l 0 0,15l 0 P2 l t P1 P1 P1 P2 l s P2 Dr.ing. Nagy-György b1) armarea T. în câmp - plase suprapuse de b2) armarea Faculty of pe Civil reazem Engineering - plase de 46.

47 Samples of element reinforcement / Exemple de armări Girder reinforcement bent bars 50mm M h h s 1 s Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 47.

48 Samples of element reinforcement / Exemple de armări Secondary beams reinforcement strait bars >0.3l o >0.3l o >0.3l o ~10cm l bd l 10d A B A min 2ø 2ø8 montaj min 2ø 2ø8 montaj min 2ø min 2ø min 2ø l bd Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 48.

49 Samples of element reinforcement / Exemple de armări Beam reinforcement in seismic zones Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 49.

50 Samples of element reinforcement / Exemple de armări Special combination (with seism) Beam reinforcement in seismic zones Fundamental combination M Envelope curve of the bending moments A l p = 2h Potential plastic zone l p = 2h A s 1 s 2 s detailing Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 50.

51 Samples of element reinforcement / Exemple de armări Beam reinforcement in seismic zones Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 51.

52 Samples of element reinforcement / Exemple de armări Beam reinforcement in seismic zones Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 52.

53 Samples of element reinforcement / Exemple de armări Column reinforcement in seismic zones Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 53.

54 Samples of element reinforcement / Exemple de armări Column reinforcement in seismic zones 200mm DCH 250mm DCM 200 mm DCH 250 mm DCM > 200mm DCH > 250 mm DCM Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 54.

55 3.1 TYPE OF REINFORCEMENTS 3.2 EXAMPLES OF REINFORCEMENT Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 55.

56 Behaviour under short term static loads characteristic curve of steel tensile test yield yield Steel with yield limit Steel without yield limit Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 56.

57 Behaviour under short term static loads f yk - Characteristic yield strength of reinforcement (R e ) f t - Tensile strength of reinforcement (R m ) f 0,2k - Characteristic 0,2% proof-stress of reinforcement (R 0,2 ) (conventional) ε uk - Characteristic strain of reinforcement at maximum load (A gt ) A n - Elongation after rupture (plastic deformation) Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 57.

58 - Mild steel has a low carbon content of about 0.2%: - elastic behavior until the apparent yield limit f y - pronounced plastic behavior by the presence of the yielding plateau. - Low-alloy Steel has a higher carbon content and other alloying elements: - Increases tensile strength, f t - Reduced yielding plateau or disappearance - Reduction of the elongation to the maximum force, or the one measured after failure - Plastic behavior is indicated by reaching the conventional yielding limit, f 0,2 - Reinforcement for reinforced concrete Mild steel and low-alloy steel with a carbon content of less than 0,3% - Reinforcement for prestressed concrete low-alloy steel with a carbon content of 0,6...0,9%, Manganese 0,3...0,7% and a maximum of 0,035% phosphorus and sulfur. Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 58.

59 low-alloy steel - tendons for prestressed concrete low-alloy steel mild steel Characteristic diagrams for different Romanian steel types Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 59.

60 fyk f tk Caracteristici mecanice ale unor armături laminate la cald Commercial denomination Equivalent denomination Nominal diameter (mm) Minimal characteristic values Yielding limit f yk [Mpa] Tensile strength f tk [Mpa] OB37 PC B500B > 9.0% STNB SPPB Modulus of elasticity E s = N/mm 2 - Volumic mass = 7850 kg/m 3 Faculty of Civil Engineering. Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. 60

61 Dr.ing. NAGY-GYÖRGY Tamás Professor Tel: Web: Office: A219 Dr.ing. Nagy-György T. Faculty of Civil Engineering 61.