ActivSil Technology. Hydrophobic. Abolin Co Greece Building Sustainable with Innovations

Transcription

1 ActivSil Technology Silicate Emulsion Hydrophobic Paint.

2 Restoration of historical centers Water degrading effect Restoration process Künzel s theory Silicate emulsion paints Properties Application

3 Why this increasing of the restoration in our cities? Restoration of buildings Mature societal claims Promotion from the Government or Town halls. Target: Conservation of historical city centers Subsidies to the owners of the historical buildings to be restored

4 Restoration of façades Façades Connection between the building and the city (and citizens) Requirements : Aesthetic Durability, transpirability, waterproofing, isolation,

5 Degradation Part 1 Which is the major degrading agent for the building materials of the façade? Water DIRECT action by: Erosion / solubilization Softening of materials Expansivity in case of frost Osmosis Water Penetration Capillarity Pouring Rain Condensation by Cooling Capillary Condensation Hygroscopic Absorption

6 Degradation Part 2 Which is the major degrading agent for the building materials of the façade? Water INDIRECT action by: Carrying with it salts: surface crystallization as white efflorescence, crusts, and degradation of the materials by crystallization inside. Sulphates MgSO4.7H2O CaSO4.2H2O Na2SO4.10H2O 3CaO.Al2O3.3CaSO4.32H2O Nitrates Mg(NO3)2.6H2O Ca(NO3)2.4H2O 5Ca(NO3)2.4NH4NO3.10H2O Magnesium sulphate, amaro salt Calcium sulphate, gypsum Sodium sulphate, Glauber salt Ettringite Magnesium nitrate Calcium nitrate Calcium and ammonium nitrate

7 Degradation Part 3 Which is the major degrading agent for the building materials of the façade? Water INDIRECT action by: Carrying with it salts: surface crystallization as white efflorescence, crusts, and degradation of the materials by crystallization inside. Chlorides CaCl2.6H2O Calcium chloride NaCl Sodium chloride Carbonates Na2CO3.10 H2O Sodium carbonate K2CO3 Potassium carbonate CaCO3 Calcium carbonate, calcite Ca(HCO3)2 Calcium bicarbonate

8 Degradation Part 4 Which is the major degrading agent for the building materials of the façade? Water INDIRECT action by: Favouring sprouting and development of vegetation, bacteria, microorganisms, Mildews, fungi, lichens and insects. Reasons: Existence of nutrients in the wall Water Organic polymer of the coatings ph close to 7

9 Degradation Part 5 Presence of WATER Which is the major degrading agent for the building materials of the façade? Insulating power of the wall Decreases the insulating power of the wall (1/Λ Thermic insulation coefficient) 20% moisture in a cement plaster HALVES the insulating power of the plaster

10 Künzel Theory w (water absorption coefficient) < 0,5 kg/m 2 h 0,5 Sd (resistance to vapour diffusion) < 2 m Or w Sd < 0,1 kg/mh 0,5 w kg/m 2 h 0,5 Sd m w Sd kg/mh 0,5 Künzel theory < 0,5 < 2 < 0,1 Emulsion paints Emulsion plasters Pure silicate paints Silicate emulsion paints Hydrophobic ActivSil 0,25 0,15 > 0,5 < 0,5 << 0,5 > 1 > 1,5 < 0,05 < 0,05 < 0,05 > 0,2 > 0,2 0,02 0,02 0,01

11 Reasons to use this type of paint in buildings Part 1 High permeability to the water vapour I II III Sd (m) 0,02 0,04 0,05 Thickness of coating (mm) 0,17 0,17 0,17 Silicate emulsion paint The water vapour diffusion current density indicates how many grams of water vapour can diffuse per square meter area in one day through a paint layer. This can be calculated from the Sd value

12 Part 2 Reasons to use this type of paint in buildings Long life (petrification / silicification) = Chemical reactions A. With the material of the wall Reaction with lime (calcium hydroxide): I. K2O nsio2 + Ca(OH) CaO SiO2 + (n-1)sio2 + 2KOH + CO2 K2CO3 Reaction with sand (rough surfaces) II. K2O nsio2 + msio2 K2O (m+n)sio2 B. With the CO2 of the atmosphere Total Silicification (Result: insoluble silica gel) III. K2O nsio2 + CO2 nsio2 + K2CO3 RESULT: Insoluble solid of inorganic/mineral nature composed of: SiO2, inorganic pigments, insoluble silicates of Ca, Al,..

13 Part 3 Reasons to use this type of paint in buildings Low water absorption Capillarity refers to the absorption/ desorption of water as liquid. Capillarity is a function of pore structure. It can be altered by coatings and additives and many of these act as hydrophobic agents by blocking these larger pores, but still allowing the smaller pores to remain open. In this way the pore structure may be kept open for hygroscopic and vapour permeable transfer of moisture but closed to capillary transfer of moisture. Capillarity is measured by placing a standard cube of material in water, with all sides sealed except the bottom. The weight of the material is then measured from time to time and this is expressed as a Co efficient w kg/m 2 h 0.5 Hydrophobic Action!

14 Part 4 Reasons to use this type of paint in buildings High UV resistance Colorants obtained from special metallic oxides resistant to UV radiation. Real Binder (silica) is high resistant to UV

15 Part 5 Reasons to use this type of paint in buildings Biocide effect against development of algae, mildews, lichens, High ph (12) With this ph value is not possible the development of this type of microorganisms Water solution K2O. x SiO2 x > 3,3 Molar ratio Not classified as dangerous material Not classified as irritant, if other ingredients do not cause this effect

16 Part 6 Reasons to use this type of paint in buildings Maintenance of the aspect Chalking Scale Two Component Silicate Emulsion Silicate Low tendency to the dirt pickup Particles of dust are not trapped by the paint Autowashability (hidrophilic). Slow chalking effect. Rain removes some microns of the surface Months

17 Part 7 Reasons to use this type of paint in buildings Naturally looking matt surface appearance / Maintenance of the morphology of the surface Penetration in the wall up to 7-8 mm NEVER gloss

18 Part 7a Reasons to use this type of paint in buildings Energy Savings Performance The creation of surfaces of high reflectivity and emissivity in the urban environment constitutes an easily applicable and economic passive cooling method that contributes in the reduction of urban temperatures. The creation of such surfaces can be achieved with the use of cool materials which are characterized from : High solar reflectance net emitted thermal High infrared emittance reflected radiation E σ (T 4 - T sky4 ) incident convection sunlight R sol I sunlight I opaque surface at temperature T conduction

19 Part 7b Reasons to use this type of paint in buildings Energy Savings Performance Application onto Exterior Walls Optical Properties Solar Reflectance, Infrared Emittance a/a Coating Code ActivSil White ActivSil CB 013 ActivSil CB 015 ActivSil CB 016 ActivSil CB 022 ActivSil CB 019 Color SR SR_NIR ( nm) Infrared emittance (error 0.02) WHITE LIGHT BLUE LIGHT RED LIGHT GREEN LIGHT GREY LIGHT OCHRE The use of on Buildings envelope drive to cooling needs reduction. Less energy used, less CO2 emissions, lower electricity bills

20 Part 7c Reasons to use this type of paint in buildings Energy Savings Performance Application onto Exterior Walls Benefits from the use Cooling load reduction Less heat penetrates into building Energy Savings Minimize the need for cooling Money savings Improved thermal comfort conditions Improved public health conditions Enhanced building s durability Less thermal stress Improved microclimatic conditions Urban Heat Island Mitigation

21 Part 8 Reasons to use this type of paint in buildings Air Purification and Smog Reduction can be formulated to perform photocatalytic action against: Nitrogen Dioxide Ozon Benzene Formaledeheyde Toluene Bacteria The inorganic nature of can ensure an excellent photocatalytic effect with excellent life expectancy

22 Part 1 Application rules of the silicate emulsion paints Appropriate substrate: Mineral/ inorganic substrates Primer of silicate Impregnating agent Paint thinner Transparent Dual system: Silicate emulsion paint Finished coat White / pigmented

23 Part 2a Application rules of the silicate emulsion paints Preparation of the substrate Surfaces should be cleaned, dried, grease free New plasters: Shall be allowed to weather for 4 6 weeks to dry off completely. Plasters with efflorescences or chalking : Shall be brushed to remove the dust of the surface. Old existing paints: Weakly compact coatings should be removed. Highly compact, with good adhesion, should be cleaned if they present efflorescence or crusts.

24 Part 2b Application rules of the silicate emulsion paints Preparation of the substrate Substrate repairs The restoration plaster to repair the damaged surfaces should have the same texture and resistance than the original plaster. The repaired areas should be dry before application of the silicate emulsion paint. In case of dark colours and in order to avoid different tonalities, the restoration plaster should be treated with fluates. Small cracks, flakes and surface damages are repaired with a silicate putty which Can be instantly prepared by mixing with sand the silicate emulsion paint.

25 Part 2c Application rules of the silicate emulsion paints Impregnation Target = Achieve a uniform absorption = Uniform Colour Use a silicate primer or use a mixture of: primer, water and finished paint in proportions 1:1:1. Silicate primer is used in any mineral surface except gypsum Gypsum: Use Cool Barrier Grip Nano primer coat or a primer based in a styreneacrylic emulsion in water with a content in organic polymer of less than 5%. CaSO 4 + H 2 O + nsio 2.K 2 O nsio 2.CaO + K 2 SO 4

26 Part 2d Application rules of the silicate emulsion paints Primer Target = Substrate reinforcement Primer is also used for : Reinforce poor compact substrates Avoid a high absorption of paint in some type of concrete Wait between application of the primer and the top coat (at 20ºC, 65% of relative humidity) Minimum 12 hours

27 Part 2e Application rules of the silicate emulsion paints Application of the top coat Roller of short hair, brush, air less (50º, bar) Apply to filled or weathered substrate for at least 4 weeks. Protect adjacent and not to be painted surfaces with proper masking. Apply by roller, brush, or air less Two coats of the same product (primer, mid coat, top coat) have to be applied wet on wet. After application of each product, wait at least 24 hours before applying the next one. Do not apply in the sun or to warm wall from previous insolation. Do not apply with strong wind. Do not apply below 8ºC or in case of frost at night. Do not apply to wet wall. Drain moisture. Wear protective glasses.

28 Part 2f Application rules of the silicate emulsion paints Application of the top coat Roller of short hair, brush, air less (50º, bar) The application should be made wet on wet to avoid different tonalities (A worker put the paint on the wall and other worker extend it with the roller) Connections should be carried out in edge of windows, friezes, eaves, Re paintings should be done with a round brush with long hair and in perpendicular direction to the wall. Extent perfectly the paint (avoid thick coats)

29 Most frequent defects Defect Non uniform, irregular shade Surface spots Crusts and efflorescences Adhesion problems Surface dusting Bloomy areas Stripes Cause Interrupted work. Marks of resumed work. Uneven primer or poor pre treatment Ca(OH)2 or sats driven to the surface by wall moisture Unsuitable substrate. Suitable substrate treated with hydrophobic agents. Presence of release agents. Low temperature during application. Insufficient pretreatment. Substrate moisture. Excessive ambient moisture. Warm substrate. Application in the sun or with warm wind.

30 RESTORATION PROCEDURE 1 Inspection of damages & assessment of their extent - Humidity spots - Salts efflorescenses - plaster flakings and decays - mildews, algae, 2 Search of the damage origin - Non waterproof foundations - Inefficient drainage - Leaking roof - Rain penetration, condensation. 3 Cause removal - Foundation waterproofing - Setting up of a horizontal barrier 4 Restoration - Removal of damaged coating or plaster - Remaking of hydrophobe plaster and transpiring silicate paint 5 Other works 1. Insulation of foundations 2. Drain 3. Horizontal Barrier 4. Treating wall salts (no plaster) 5. Grouting and sealing of cracks 6. Revoke restoration 7. Painting breathable silicate

31 WHERE TO APPLY Superior Durability and Aesthetic Appearance New Building Painting Works Museums and Historical Buildings Restoration and Energy Conservation Public Buildings or Infrastructures dealing with Inorganic paints applica ons (Organic content 5%)

32 ActivSil Technology ABOLIN CO GREECE GALAXIA STR, ATHENS GREECE Tel: , Web: