Conventional Tunnelling

Transcription

1 ITA - AITES WORLD TUNNEL CONGRESS 2007 PRAGUE The 3 rd Training course TUNNELLING IN URBAN AREA Prague, 4-5 th May 2007 TRAINING MATERIAL PREPARED BY H. Wagner ITA Vice-President (D2 Consult, Austria)

2 1 Introduction Index 2 Ground Reinforcing Measures 3 Ground Water Control 4 Conclusions and references 2/59

3 1 Introduction Conventional Tunnelling in urban areas has become a well established construction concept in urban tunnelling Conventional Tunnelling became mostly used for tunnels where the geometry of cross sections is changing and ground conditions are varying Conventional Tunnelling is generally used in combination with ground reinforcing technologies and groundwater control measures Such technologies determine the geomechanic behavior together with the specific project needs 3/59

4 1 Construction Parameters Choice of Cross Section Choice of Support GEO BEHAVIOUR Choice of Equipment Geo Behaviour determines need for Ground Reinforcement Excavation Scheme Choice of Length of Round 4/59

5 1 Conventional Excavation & Support Sequence 5/59

6 1 Introduction Index 2 Ground Reinforcing Measures 3 Ground Water Control 4 Conclusions 6/59

7 2.1 Jet Grouting Ground Reinforcing Measures 2.2 Spiling 2.3 Anchoring 2.4 Roof Piping 2.5 Microtunnelling 7/59

8 2.1 Jet Grouting - Principal Scheme 8/59

9 2.1 Jet Grouted Umbrella Tunnel Quadratsch, Austria 9/59

10 2.1 Excavation underneath Horizontal Jet Grouting Tunnel Quadratsch, Austria 10/59

11 2.1 Jet Grouted Umbrella 7-10 m 7-10 m Subway San Juan, Puerto Rico 11/59

12 2.1 Horizontal Jet Grouted Arch Subway San Juan, Puerto Rico 12/59

13 2.1 Grouting above Collapsed Tunnel BEG Tunnel Lot 5 13/59

14 2.1 Jet Grouting Ground Reinforcing Measures 2.2 Spiling 2.3 Anchoring 2.4 Roof Piping 2.5 Microtunnelling 14/59

15 2.2 Roof Spiling Arrangement 15/59

16 2.2 Excavation in Multiple Drifts and Roof Spiling 16/59

17 2.2 Multiple Drift Method Tunnel Escherberg - High Speed Railway Hannover - Würzburg 17/59

18 2.2 Double layered Roof Pipe Installation Tunnel Escherberg - High Speed Railway Hannover - Würzburg 18/59

19 2.2 Roof Pipe Umbrella Tunnel Escherberg - High Speed Railway Hannover - Würzburg 19/59

20 2.2 Station Excavation Metro Washington Fort Totten Station 20/59

21 2.2 Station Excavation Phase 3 Metro Washington Fort Totten Station 21/59

22 2.2 Side Drift Excavation Metro Washington Fort Totten Station 22/59

23 2.2 Side Drift Excavation Metro Washington Fort Totten Station 23/59

24 2.2 Station Excavation Phase 4 Metro Washington Fort Totten Station 24/59

25 2.2 Face Support Metro Washington Fort Totten Station 25/59

26 2.2 Excavation of Tunnel from Shaft Metro Washington Fort Totten Station 26/59

27 2.1 Jet Grouting Ground Reinforcing Measures 2.2 Spiling 2.3 Anchoring 2.4 Roof Piping 2.5 Microtunnelling 27/59

28 2.3 Pilot Tunnel and Anchoring System Sound Transit Seattle Monocular Cross Section 28/59

29 2.3 Excavation Steps Parramatta Sydney, Australia 29/59

30 2.3 Lining Detail Tunnel Face Parramatta Sydney, Australia 30/59

31 2.3 Anchors between Tunnels Parramatta Sydney, Australia 31/59

32 2.3 Large Cross Section at Cross Over Ia Ib IIa IIIa IIb IIIb Metro Budapest, Hungary 32/59

33 2.3 Transition between Running Tunnels Metro Budapest, Hungary 33/59

34 2.1 Jet Grouting Ground Reinforcing Measures 2.2 Spiling 2.3 Anchoring 2.4 Roof Piping 2.5 Microtunnelling 34/59

35 2.4 Tunnel Excavation - Roof Piping BEG Tunnel Vomp Terfens, Austria 35/59

36 2.4 Forepoling in Soft Ground BEG Tunnel Lot 5, Austria 36/59

37 2.4 Roof Piping Installation BEG Tunnel Lot 5, Austria 37/59

38 2.1 Jet Grouting Ground Reinforcing Measures 2.2 Spiling 2.3 Anchoring 2.4 Roof Piping 2.5 Microtunnelling 38/59

39 2.5 Microtunneld Arch Subway San Juan, Puerto Rico 39/59

40 1 Introduction Index 2 Ground Reinforcing Measures 3 Ground Water Control 4 Conclusions 40/59

41 3.1 Wells Ground Water Control 3.2 Dewatering Pipes 3.3 Vacuum Method 3.4 Compressed Air Method 3.5 Freezing Method 41/59

42 3.1 Groundwater Lowering with deep Wells Metro Vienna - Section U6/1 Pottendorfer Strasse, Austria 42/59

43 3.1 Wells Ground Water Control 3.2 Dewatering Pipes 3.3 Vacuum Method 3.4 Compressed Air Method 3.5 Freezing Method 43/59

44 3.2 Complex Water Control with Pipes Tunnel Rauheberg - High Speed Railway Hannover - Würzburg 44/59

45 3.1 Wells Ground Water Control 3.2 Dewatering Pipes 3.3 Vacuum Method 3.4 Compressed Air Method 3.5 Freezing Method 45/59

46 3.3 Vacuum Method for Dewatering Metro Munich, Germany 46/59

47 3.3 Tunnel Excavation under umbrella of vacuum wells and drains Metro Munich, Germany 47/59

48 3.1 Wells Ground Water Control 3.2 Dewatering Pipes 3.3 Vacuum Method 3.4 Compressed Air Method 3.5 Freezing Method 48/59

49 3.4 Lock for Concrete Wagon BEG Tunnel Lot 5, Austria 49/59

50 3.4 Lock for Personnel BEG Tunnel Lot 5, Austria 50/59

51 3.4 Excavation under Compressed Air Metro Munich Candidplatz Station, Germany 51/59

52 3.4 Excavation under Compressed Air Metro Munich, Germany 52/59

53 3.1 Wells Ground Water Control 3.2 Dewatering Pipes 3.3 Vacuum Method 3.4 Compressed Air Method 3.5 Freezing Method 53/59

54 3.5 Roof with Freezing Pipes and Body Metro Vienna Niederhofstrasse, Austria 54/59

55 3.5 Longitudinal Section Metro Vienna Niederhofstrasse, Austria 55/59

56 3.5 Freezing Method Cross Section Subway Mannheim, Germany 56/59

57 3.5 Freezing Method - Excavation Subway Mannheim, Germany 57/59

58 1 Introduction Index 2 Ground Reinforcing Measures 3 Ground Water Control 4 Conclusions 58/59

59 Conclusions Through ground reinforcing technologies and groud water control measures, conventional tunnelling has expanded its areas of application in the context of difficult ground and dense overbuildings Advanced Risk considerations and increasing safety levels require priority of ground reinforcement before economic project constraints Conventional tunnelling when compared with open cut gives better results in regard to environmental aspects at the same time satisfying sustain ability requirements. With the increasing use of underground infrastructure, conventional tunnelling with ground reinforcement technologies will be increasingly used. 59/59