2009 IBC Handbook Structural Provisions

Transcription

1 ISBN: Cover Design: Illustrator/Interior Design: Manager of Development: Project Head: Project Editor: Publications Manager: Typesetting: Carmel Gieson Beverly Ledbetter John Henry John Henry Mary Lou Luif Mary Lou Luif Beverly Ledbetter COPYRIGHT 2009 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. This publication is a copyrighted work owned by the International Code Council, Inc. Without advance written permission from the copyright owner, no part of this book may be reproduced, distributed or transmitted in any form or by any means, including, without limitation, electronic, optical or mechanical means (by way of example, and not limitation, photocopying or recording by or in an information storage retrieval system). For information on permission to copy material exceeding fair use, please contact: Publications, 4051 West Flossmoor Road, Country Club Hills, IL Phone ICC-SAFE ( ). The information contained in this document is believed to be accurate; however, it is being provided for informational purposes only and is intended for use only as a guide. Publication of this document by the ICC should not be construed as the ICC engaging in or rendering engineering, legal or other professional services. Use of the information contained in this book should not be considered by the user to be a substitute for the advice of a registered professional engineer, attorney or other professional. If such advice is required, it should be sought through the services of a registered professional engineer, licensed attorney or other professional. Trademarks: International Code Council, the International Code Council logo and the International Building Code are trademarks of International Code Council, Inc. Errata on various ICC publications may be available at First Printing: October 2009 PRINTED IN THE U.S.A.

2 Preface Internationally, code officials recognize the need for a modern, up-to-date building code addressing the design and installation of building systems through requirements emphasizing performance. The 2009 International Building Code (IBC ) is designed to meet those needs through model code regulations that safeguard the public health and safety in all communities, large and small. This comprehensive code establishes minimum regulations for building systems using prescriptive and performance-based provisions. It is founded on broad-based principles that make possible the use of alternate materials as well as new, improved design methodologies. The changes in the structural provisions of the 2009 IBC when compared to previous editions of the IBC and legacy codes (Uniform Building Code, National Building Code, Standard Building Code) create the need for a comprehensive work that discusses the changes and expands on many of the new or improved provisions. This book, the 2009 IBC Handbook, is intended to do just that. By helping code users understand and properly apply the structural provisions in Chapters 16 through 23 of the 2009 IBC, this handbook is a valuable resource for those who design, plan review, inspect or construct buildings or other structures regulated by the 2009 IBC. Although it will prove useful to a broad range of individuals, it was written primarily so that architects, engineers and code officials can understand the IBC s provisions and gain insight into their underlying basis and intent. To that end, the handbook s numerous figures, tables and examples help clarify and illustrate the proper application of many code provisions. One of the significant differences between the structural provisions in the UBC and the IBC is that the IBC adopts national (structural) standards by reference rather than transcribing the structural provisions of the standards into the code itself. This is true for structural loads as well as structural materials. This trend has continued with each subsequent edition of the IBC to the extent that the 2009 IBC relies on the referenced standards even more than the previous editions. Therefore, in many cases the discussion in this handbook pertains to the provisions in the referenced standard rather than the IBC itself. The covers four major structural categories: Structural load effects and design provisions of Chapter 16 Special inspection, structural testing and structural observation provisions of Chapter 17 Foundation and soil provisions of Chapter 18 Specific structural material provisions for concrete, masonry, steel and wood in Chapters 19 through 23 As an added benefit to readers, ICC has included a CD-ROM containing the complete structural handbook as well as a variety of helpful resource documents such as 2003 NEHRP Recommended Provisions for Seismic Regulations for New Buildings and Other Structures with Accompanying Commentary (FEMA 450 parts one and two), NEHRP Recommended Provisions: Design Examples (FEMA 451), NEHRP Recommended Provisions for New Buildings and Other Structures: Training and Instructional Materials (FEMA 451B), Seismic Considerations for Steel Storage Racks Located in Areas Accessible to the Public (FEMA 460), Homebuilders Guide to Earthquake-Resistant iii

3 Design and Construction (FEMA 232), Communicating with Owners and Managers of New Buildings on Earthquake Risk: A Primer for Design Professionals (FEMA 389), Designing for Earthquakes: A Manual for Architects (FEMA 454) and CodeMaster 2006 IBC Seismic Design 2006 IBC, 2003 NEHRP, ASCE iv

4 Dedication This book is dedicated to John Nosse, first president of ICC Evaluation Service; first and only president of ICBO Evaluation Service; a 45-year veteran of the model-code groups; a first-rate engineer, a dedicated code professional, and a respected leader; and, ever and always, a true gentleman. v

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6 Foreword The era of regional model codes in the United States is over. The 2006 International Building Code (IBC ) is the official model code of the land. Understanding its provisions and the intent behind them is of critical importance for practicing engineers. This is particularly true for those who have practiced for a long time using one of the three earlier regional model codes [Uniform Building Code (UBC), National Building Code (NBC) or Standard Building Code (SBC)]. The contains the most recent information on the structural provisions as they pertain to the 2009 IBC and by implication to local codes that are based on the 2009 IBC. The scope and treatment of the various provisions of the code presented in this handbook will benefit designers, students and code officials alike. In addition to explaining code provisions, the handbook chronicles the history behind many of these provisions. The represents the most thorough, comprehensive coverage of the IBC structural provisions to date. A unique feature of this handbook is the inclusion of a CD-ROM containing essential references that support the IBC. Although no single reference can hope to replace the code or substitute for on-the-job experience, the comes as close as possible, providing in-depth coverage in a consistent and coherent manner. As a member of the design community and one who is intimately familiar with structural codes and standards, I am pleased to be a part of the historic movement toward code consolidation across the United States and applaud the efforts of the authors in producing a comprehensive handbook to help practicing structural engineers in the understanding and correct application of various structural provisions of the 2009 IBC. Farzad Naeim, Ph.D., S.E., Esq. Editor of the Seismic Design Handbook vii

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8 Acknowledgements Appreciation goes to the original authors of the 2000 edition of this handbook, S.K. Ghosh, Ph.D., and Robert Chittenden, S.E., both of whom have extensive knowledge, expertise and experience in the development of many of the structural provisions of the IBC. Dr. Ghosh authored the introductory chapter, Chapters 16 and 19, and the appendices of this handbook; Mr. Chittenden authored Chapters 17, 18, 20, 21, 22 and 23 of the 2000 edition. John Henry updated Chapters 17, 20, 21, 22 and 23 to the 2009 IBC and expanded the discussion where appropriate. Dr. Ghosh would like to acknowledge the significant contributions of Prabuddha Dasgupta, Ph.D., his colleague at S. K. Ghosh Associates, Inc. Dr. Dasgupta was involved in the update of Chapters 16 and 19 of the 2006 IBC Handbook from the inception of the project until the final manuscripts were sent to the ICC. He contributed to every aspect of the update effort. The project indeed could not have been completed without his help. Dr. Ghosh is also indebted to John Henry, P.E., for his thorough and constructive review of Chapters 16 and 19. His review comments led to significant improvements in those chapters. This publication was produced by a team of talented and highly qualified people who put in many hours of effort. Thanks to Mary Lou Luif for editing; and to Beverly Ledbetter for typesetting and creating the illustrations and figures. ix

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10 Contents Preface iii Dedication Foreword vii Acknowledgments v viii Introduction Chapter 16 Part Section 1601 General...12 Section 1602 Definitions...13 Section 1603 Construction Documents.. 13 Section 1604 General Design Requirements...14 Section 1605 Load Combinations...21 Section 1606 Dead Loads...25 Section 1607 Live Loads...26 Section 1608 Snow Loads Section 1609 Wind Loads...42 Section 1610 Soil Lateral Loads...51 Section 1611 Rain Loads...53 Section 1612 Flood Loads Section 1613 Earthquake Loads Seismic Design Provisions of ASCE ASCE 7-05 Chapter 11 Seismic Design Criteria...73 ASCE 7-05 Chapter 12 Seismic Design Requirements for Building Structures ASCE 7-05 Chapter 13 Seismic Design Requirements for Nonstructural Components ASCE 7-05 Chapter 14 Material- Specific Seismic Design and Detailing Requirements ASCE 7-05 Chapter 15 Seismic Design Requirements for Nonbuilding Structures ASCE 7-05 Chapter 16 Seismic Response History Procedures ASCE 7-05 Chapter 17 Seismic Design Requirements for Seismically Isolated Structures ASCE 7-05 Chapter 18 Seismic Design Requirements for Structures with Damping Systems ASCE 7-05 Chapter 19 Soil Structure Interaction for Seismic Design ASCE 7-05 Chapter 20 Site Classification Procedure for Seismic Design ASCE 7-05 Chapter 21 Site-Specific Ground Motion Procedures for Seismic Design ASCE 7-05 Chapter 22 Seismic Ground Motion and Long-Period Transition Period Maps ASCE 7-05 Chapter 23 Seismic Design Reference Documents References Chapter 16 Part Example 1. Design Axial Force, Shear Force and Bending Moment for Shear Wall Due to Lateral and Gravity Loads Example 2. Design Axial Force, Shear Force and Bending Moment for Shear Wall Due to Lateral and Gravity Loads Example 3. Design Axial Force, Shear Force and Bending Moment for Shear Wall Due to Lateral and Gravity Loads Example 4. Calculation of Live Load Reduction Example 5. Design of a 20-Story Reinforced Concrete Building for Wind Forces Example 6. Design of a 5-Story Reinforced Concrete Building for Wind Forces Using Alternate All-Heights Method Example 7. Calculation of Wind Pressures for a Low-Rise Building Example 8. Redundancy (ρ) and Concrete Shear Walls Example 9. Simplified Design Procedure xi

11 Example 10. Design of Multistory Reinforced Concrete Building Subjected to Earthquake Forces Example 11. Dynamic Analysis Procedure Example 12. Calculation of Diaphragm Design Forces Example 13. Partial Diaphragm Design Example 14. Calculation of Collector Strength Example 15. Lateral Force on Elements of Structures Chapter Section 1701 General Section 1702 Definitions Section 1703 Approvals Section 1704 Special Inspections Section 1705 Statement of Special Inspections Section 1706 Special Inspection for Wind Requirements Section 1707 Special Inspections for Seismic Resistance Section 1708 Structural Testing for Seismic Resistance Section 1709 Contractor Responsibility Section 1710 Structural Observations Section 1711 Design Strengths of Materials Section 1712 Alternative Test Procedures Section 1713 Test Safe Load Section 1714 In-Situ Load Tests Section 1715 Preconstruction Load Tests Section 1716 Material and Test Standards References Chapter Section 1801 General Section 1802 Definitions Section 1803 Geotechnical Investigations Section 1804 Excavation, Grading and Fill Section 1805 Dampproofing and Waterproofing Section 1806 Presumptive Load-Bearing Values of Soils Section 1807 Foundation Walls, Retaining Walls and Embedded Posts and Poles Section 1808 Foundations Section 1809 Shallow Foundations Section 1810 Deep Foundations References Bibliography to 2009 Cross-reference table for IBC Chapter to 2006 Cross-reference table for IBC Chapter Chapter 19 Part Section 1901 General Section 1902 Definitions Section 1903 Specifications for Tests and Materials Section 1904 Durability Requirements Section 1905 Concrete Quality, Mixing and Placing Section 1906 Formwork, Embedded Pipes and Construction Joints Section 1907 Details of Reinforcement Section 1908 Modifications to ACI Section 1909 Structural Plain Concrete Section 1910 Minimum Slab Provisions Section 1911 Anchorage to Concrete Allowable Stress Design Section 1912 Anchorage to Concrete Strength Design Section 1913 Shotcrete Section 1914 Reinforced Gypsum Concrete Section 1915 Concrete-Filled Pipe Columns References xii

12 Chapter 19 Part References Chapter 19 Part Example 1. Unified Design Example of a Doubly Reinforced Rectangular Beam Section Example 2. Design Axial Load-Moment Interaction Diagram of a Column Section Using Unified Design Example 3. Design Example of a 12-Story Precast Frame Building Using Strong Connections Example 4. Allowable Stress Design Check on Anchor Bolt Example 5. Anchoring to Concrete per Appendix D of ACI Example 6. Relative Strengths of Columns and Beams at Joint Example 7. Design of RC Shear Wall per 2009 IBC Example 8. Design of RC Shear Wall per 2009 IBC Example 9. Strut-and-Tie Model per Appendix A of ACI Chapter Chapter Section 2101 General Section 2102 Definitions and Notations Section 2103 Masonry Construction Materials Section 2104 Construction Section 2105 Quality Assurance Section 2106 Seismic Design Section 2107 Allowable Stress Design Section 2108 Strength Design of Masonry Section 2109 Empirical Design of Masonry Section 2110 Glass Unit Masonry Section 2111 Masonry Fireplaces Section 2112 Masonry Heaters Section 2113 Masonry Chimneys References Bibliography Chapter Section 2201 General Section 2202 Definitions Section 2203 Identification and Protection of Steel for Structural Purposes Section 2204 Connections Section 2205 Structural Steel Section 2206 Steel Joists Section 2207 Steel Cable Structures Section 2208 Steel Storage Racks Section 2209 Cold-formed Steel Section 2210 Cold-formed Steel Lightframed Construction References Bibliography Chapter Section 2301 General Section 2302 Definitions Section 2303 Minimum Standards and Quality Section 2304 General Construction Requirement Section 2305 General Design Requirements for Lateral-Force-Resisting- Systems Section 2306 Allowable Stress Design Section 2307 Load and Resistance Factor Design Section 2308 Conventional Light-Frame Construction References Bibliography Appendix Background to Seismic Strength Design Load Combinations Appendix xiii

13 Background to the Wind Load Provisions of Model Codes and Standards Appendix Background to Seismic Ground Motion in Seismic Design Appendix Consideration of Site Soil Characteristics Index xiv