ORNL s Light Commercial Building Flexible Research Platforms

Transcription

1 ORNL s Light Commercial Building Flexible Research Platforms Patrick Hughes Director, Building Technologies Research and Integration Center (BTRIC) Energy and Transportation Science Division (ETSD) for 2012 Emerging Technologies Summit Pasadena Convention Center October 15-17, 2012

2 ORNL s Building Energy Efficiency Centers of Excellence: Envelope, Equipment, System/Building Integration Envelope Center of Excellence Residential Detailed Models Lab Apparatus Natural Exposure v1 v2 v3 System/Building Integration Center of Excellence Market Detailed Models Lab Apparatus Durability Tests Equipment Center of Excellence 2 Managed by UT-Battelle Light Commercial

3 System/Building Integration Encompasses the Whole-Building and Connection to Grid Envelope Air barriers Roof/attic system optimization Cool roofs Optimal integration of phase change material (PCM) into envelope assemblies Envelope assembly moisture durability Equipment Residential and commercial HVAC Water heaters Appliances Supermarket refrigeration systems Working fluids Sensors and controls Wireless sensors Wireless based systems for EMCS, FDD, retro- or continuous commissioning Demand response Power flow control Modeling/analytics Advanced computing, visualization, and data Auto-tuning of building energy models Automated energysavings opportunity identification System/Building Integration Center of Excellence Residential research houses Light commercial building flexible research platforms (FRPs) Market 3 Managed by UT-Battelle

4 Why Use Entire Test Buildings While Simulating Occupant Effects on Energy Use? Evaluating emerging energy efficiency technologies in realistic test beds is an essential step before market introduction Environmental chambers and other lab apparatus cannot reliably impose every operating condition encountered in a real building Use of occupied buildings (the living lab approach) confounds experimental results, and is intrusive, highrisk for industry, and expensive if done right The building industry is reluctant to embrace new design and construction techniques until they are proven with real buildings 4 Managed by UT-Battelle

5 12 Research Houses in the Last Decade (used process control to simulate occupant effects on energy use) #2 Optimal Value Framing (OVF) #1 Structural Insulated Panel (SIP) #4 Exterior Insulation and Finish System (EIFS) #3 Phase Change Material (PCM) Ingredient in Insulation Home Energy Rating Score (HERS) Managed by UT-Battelle Typical Existing Home New Home built to code 0% Cost Premium DOE Builders Challenge 4-6% Cost Premium

6 Residential vs. Light Commercial System/Building Integration R&D Approach Residential: partners willing to bear carrying charges for land/bricks/ mortar while houses are held unoccupied for extended R&D periods 1. Plan R&D using research houses and recruit partners 2. Design, build, characterize performance of research houses 3. Retrofit and re-characterize (simulated occupancy) 4. After R&D period houses are released for sale 5. Build additional research houses as needed Light Commercial: partners not willing to bear carrying charges (dedicated lab-based facilities required) 1. Plan R&D using test buildings and recruit partners 2. Design, erect, characterize test buildings 3. Retrofit, re-characterize (simulated occupancy) 4. Decommission and remove test buildings 5. Repeat 1. through 4.

7 New Research Apparatus: Light Commercial Building Flexible Research Platforms (FRPs) Permanent Apparatus the FRPs Test Buildings on the FRPs 7 Managed by UT-Battelle

8 Capabilities Were Defined Based on Industry and University User Input ORNL-hosted workshop on March 22-23, 2010 gathered input from industry and university users on desired new capabilities Over 100 people from all over the country participated Initial Energy-Efficiency R&D for Apparatus Defined Based on Industry and Utility Input UC-Davis-hosted workshop on August 4, 2011 gathered input on light commercial building problems and EE R&D actions needed Over 90 people from all over the country participated 8 Managed by UT-Battelle

9 Capabilities of Test Buildings on the FRPs The 2-story test building provides a multi-zone HVAC test bed (multi-perimeter, core) Process control of active foundations (adiabatic when on ) Process control to simulate occupant effects on energy use Process control to force common active load component faults to stress test claimed features of emerging whole-building systems Fault detection & diagnostics, retro/continuous commissioning, model-based controls, etc. Individual active load components separately metered Capability to download modified controls software into the active load components Capability to test and validate advanced controllers, control algorithms, and fault detection and diagnostic algorithms for active load components Provisions for whole-building air pressurization/leakage tests High-capacity fiber link for process control & data acquisition and secure webaccessible data analytics and visualization for remote users 9 Managed by UT-Battelle

10 Prospective Research Programs Using the FRPs Envelope (walls, windows, doors, roof, foundation on/off) Original envelope systems, sequence of retrofits for each Heating and cooling Multiple original systems, rotate between them, sequence of retrofits for each Ventilation Separate or integrated with heating/cooling Mechanical, natural, mixed mode Water heating, lighting, energy management and control Multiple original systems, sequence of retrofits for each Internal process loads typical for the functional uses being simulated in the spaces 10 Managed by UT-Battelle

11 Notional 1-Story FRP Wall (Shown) & Roof Retrofit Solutions 11 Managed by UT-Battelle

12 Notional 2-Story FRP Wall (Shown) & Roof Retrofit Solutions 12 Managed by UT-Battelle

13 1 st Common HVAC Approach (e.g., RTU) Retrofit Solutions 13 Managed by UT-Battelle

14 2 nd Common HVAC Approach (e.g., PTHP) Retrofit Solutions 14 Managed by UT-Battelle

15 3 rd Common HVAC Approach (e.g., ASHP) Retrofit Solutions 15 Managed by UT-Battelle

16 Multiple HVAC Systems Will Be Installed (Only One Operates At Any Given Time) 16 Managed by UT-Battelle

17 The FRP Research Process 1. A group of industry partners is found with compatible research agendas 2. ORNL develops an integrated whole-building design in BIM 3. The test building is erected on the FRP 4. ORNL characterizes performance in response to natural weather and simulated occupant effects on energy use Multiple HVAC systems, rotate between them, etc. 5. ORNL and industry partners collaborate on development of EE solutions 6. EE solutions are implemented in the test building 7. ORNL re-characterizes performance 8. Items 5-7 may be repeated several times during a test building research cycle 9. ORNL removes the test building and repeats 1-8 for next test building cycle 17 Managed by UT-Battelle

18 18 Managed by UT-Battelle 2-Story FRP Until Recently

19 Test Building on 2-Story FRP (February 2013) 19 Managed by UT-Battelle

20 20 Managed by UT-Battelle Multiple Industry Partners for Collaborative Research EEB Hub MBMA SPRI Nordyne Southwest Gas AutoDesk DesignBuilder Bentley EIMA Foam Sheathing Coalition ARMA Johnson Controls Carrier Samsung GE UTRC Schneider Electric TRACO

21 Building Information Modeling (BIM) to Building Energy Modeling (BEM) Decommissioning Design BIM Operation Construction Commissioning 21 Managed by UT-Battelle BIM to BEM BIM file development in both AutoDesk Revit and Bentley AECOSim Building Designer Study direct transfer from BIM to BEM (DesignBuilder, OpenStudio, GreenBuilding Studio and AECOSim Energy Simulator) Study effects of translation from one platform to another Building Energy Model calibration to data E+ algorithm/component validation

22 Autotuning Models to Reduce Project Development Costs for Small Building Retrofit Projects Handful of Data Channels & Weather High performance computing applied to task of auto-tuning building energy models (plan: accessible via web service from desktop PC) Jaguar/Titan, Nautilus & Frost supercomputers all engaged ORNL, U of Tennessee-Knoxville, Jacksonville State U 22 Managed by UT-Battelle

23 23 Managed by UT-Battelle Questions?