Multifamily Codes in California

Transcription

1 Building Bridges to Net Zero Multifamily Codes in California Sophia Hartkopf, TRC Energy Services 1

2 Agenda Zero Net Energy (ZNE) Goals for California Code ZNE definition Multi-family ZNE complications Upcoming code research MULTIFAMILY BUILDINGS 2015: BUILDING BRIDGES TO NET ZERO 2

3 3 California Policy Goals MULTIFAMILY BUILDINGS 2015: BUILDING BRIDGES TO NET ZERO 3

4 California Policy Goals Sector Type Now Residential Commercial State buildings AB 32 New Construction ZNE 100% Existing Homes (reduction relative to 2005 stds) New Construction ZNE 100% Existing ZNE 50% 40% New construction & major retrofit ZNE 50% 100% Existing (by square footage) ZNE 50% GHG Levels Achieve 1990 Levels 40% Below 1990 Levels 80% Below 1990 Levels Water Efficiency Reduce Water Use 25% Supporting Agencies: MULTIFAMILY BUILDINGS 2015: BUILDING BRIDGES TO NET ZERO 4

5 Key Policy Drivers Long Term EE Strategic Plan ZNE Action Plans Decision Decision Rulemaking Warren- Alquist Act Expand Titles 24 and 20 to address all significant energy end uses. Improve coordination of state energy codes and standards with other state and federal regulations. Greater convergence of C&S and DSM. Improve code compliance and enforcement. Align regulations, policies, plans, incentives, and codes related to ZNE buildings. Establish a long-term progressive path towards ZNE Codes & Standards by 2020 (res) and 2030 (nonres). Lower the threshold for applying codes to existing buildings. The Staff Proposal calls for a redesign of the statewide codes and standards program, placing it in a central strategic position within the IOU energy efficiency portfolio. The utilities proposed portfolios must identify an end game for each technology or practice that transforms building, purchasing, and the use decisions to become either standard practice, or incorporated into minimum codes and standards. Proposed Decision re: EE Goals for 2016 and beyond and EE Rolling Portfolio Mechanics (Mailed 8/18/15) Utility support for building standards In consultation with the commission, electric and gas utilities shall provide support for building standards and other regulations [ ] including appropriate research, development, and training to implement those standards and other regulations. MULTIFAMILY BUILDINGS 2015: BUILDING BRIDGES TO NET ZERO 5

6 6 What is ZNE Simple concept Building generates as much energy as it uses on an annual basis Complex formulation Multiple definitions site energy, source energy, TDV State regulators moving towards one common definition for programs and codes Based on Time Dependent Valuation of energy Simple interpretation HERS 0 MULTIFAMILY BUILDINGS 2015: BUILDING BRIDGES TO NET ZERO

7 California Title 24 ZNE Definition 0 Net Source Energy 0 Net Site Energy 0 Net Energy Emissions 0 Net Energy Costs MULTIFAMILY BUILDINGS 2015: BUILDING BRIDGES TO NET ZERO 0 Net TDV Energy 7

8 Time Dependent Valuation (TDV) Societal value of energy by time of day TDV multipliers vary by: Energy type (electric vs. gas) Date and hour Climate zone Building Type MULTIFAMILY BUILDINGS 2015: BUILDING BRIDGES TO NET ZERO 8

9 Energy Efficiency as a Foundation for ZNE All cost-effective energy efficiency Foundation of a ZNE metric MULTIFAMILY BUILDINGS 2015: BUILDING BRIDGES TO NET ZERO 9

10 10 ZNE Technical Feasibility Source: ZNE Technical Feasibility Study MULTIFAMILY BUILDINGS 2015: BUILDING BRIDGES TO NET ZERO

11 Multi-family ZNE Complications Two different building codes Residential (SF centric) and non-residential, Neither is written with multi-family in mind Limited on-site PV area (especially high-rise) Numerous building type and equipment considerations Room PTAC vs. central air Heat pump water heaters Un-modelable features MULTIFAMILY BUILDINGS 2015: BUILDING BRIDGES TO NET ZERO 11

12 CA Tax Credit Allocation Committee Includes a ZNE point option, to contribute to overall score Residential energy loads only (including central systems), excludes non-residential energy uses such as community buildings, elevators, parking lot lighting. Uses the California Utility Allowance Calculator to determine the solar offset of a project s tenant energy loads. MULTIFAMILY BUILDINGS 2015: BUILDING BRIDGES TO NET ZERO 12

13 2019 Code Research Areas Evaluation of Multifamily Performance Software Miscellaneous Electric Loads / PV Sizing Energy and Water Efficient Central DHW Drain Water Heat Recovery Infiltration Indoor Air Quality Alternatives to Quality Insulation MULTIFAMILY BUILDINGS 2015: BUILDING BRIDGES TO NET ZERO 13

14 Building Bridges to Net Zero Thank you. Sophia Hartkopf, TRC Energy Services 14

15 Building Bridges to Net Zero Case Study Sophia Hartkopf, TRC Energy Services 15

16 Case Study: La Valentina North 16

17 17 Quick Look First Net Zero multi-family site designed for Sacramento What does this mean? Building will generate enough solar PV to offset annual energy consumption. Goal: to create a building that operates as closely as possible to ZNE Using highly energy efficient systems and materials Leverage renewables to decrease dependence on source energy

18 18 Project Team Developer: Domus Development, of San Francisco Assistant Director: Christine Weichart, at the Sacramento Housing & Redevelopment Agency Architect: YHLA Architects HERS Rater: Red Tape Express Energy Consultants: Red Tape Express National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Davis Energy Group General Contractor: Brown Construction

19 19 Project Stats Funding CMFNH participant Recipient of Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) s Home of the Future grant SHRA assisted with $7 million in redevelopment funds (for both La Valentina North and La Valentina Station) Affordable Redevelopment 6 Three-bedroom flats 12 Three-bedroom townhomes

20 20 Energy Use As modeled: 50.5% better than 2008 Title-24 Initial model yielded 15% compliance But commitment of project team with support from utility program staff led to significant energy efficiency improvements "Total energy will be reduced by over 60 percent (as opposed to a conventional building), Mike Keesee, SMUD (Sacramento BEE)

21 Energy Savings Measures 21 Solar Photovoltaic 38.4 kw system, south facing Domestic Hot Water powered HVAC Duct Insulation R-6 Furnace 0.97 AFUE Cooling 19 SEER 0.72 EF tankless gas Ventilation Mechanical EnergyStar rated

22 22 Energy Saving Measures Windows U = 0.30, SHGC = 0.26, Vinyl-dual Insulation Attic R-42 Blown-in cellulose Walls R-15 Spray cellulose combined w/ R-10 Rigid insulation Floor R-30 Fiberglass Leakage 2.0 SLA Advanced framing

23 23 Challenges Cost of bringing project from 15% compliance to 45-56% $32k increase per unit Costs include learning curve for installing Advanced framing practices 3-layer stucco system Wet-blown-cellulose insulation * Source: CMFNH Program Case Study 2013

24 24 Benefits of ZNE 90% of units leased before project opening Optimized climate-appropriate efficiency ensures resident comfort Significant operating cost savings